Patricia A. Huttlinger

Concentration-time relationships in off-gas toxicity

The author discusses a toxicity screening test for evaluating materials for off-gas toxicity using a rising temperature program.

Polymer Structure and Relative Toxicity of Off-Gases:

An empirical relationship appears to exist between the chemical structure of a polymer and the relative toxicity of the off-gases produced under a specified set of test conditions. Similarities in animal response times are demonstrated between grossly different but chemically similar materials such as polyethylene and cooking oil, and such as cotton and cane sugar.

Toxicity of Off-Gases From Thermal Insulation

The rising cost of energy has increased the econom ic justification for greater use of thermal insulation. Uninten tional overheating of thermal insulation materials presents the possibility of toxic off-gases. Toxicity test data on the off-gases from various thermal insulation materials are presented in this paper.

Toxicity of Off-Gases From Fibers and Fabrics: a Review

Relative toxicity data are presented for the off- gases from various fibers and fabrics.

Toxicity of Gases From Polymer Blends and Mixtures

The toxicity of gases evolved from blends and mix tures of polymers generally appears to be a function of the toxici ties of the gases from the individual polymers and proportional to their relative proportions in the blend or mixture.

Additive Content and Residue Weight in Cellulose Insulation

The relationship between the content of boron- containing additives in loose fiber fill cellulose insulation and the weight of residue after pyrolysis was studied. The weight of resi due generally increased with increasing additive content, but the difference between the weight of initial additive and the weight of residue varied with the additive content and with the boron com pound.

Carbon Monoxide Production From Overheated Thermal Insulation Materials

Carbon monoxide production in the off-gases was determined for selected thermal insulation materials. The highest yields of carbon monoxide were observed with phenol ic rigid foam and with hardboard containing phenol-formaldehyde binder.

Smoke from thermal insulation materials

The smoke-producing characteristics of various materials are discussed with particular attention to thermal insulation. The different methods of measuring smoke density are described, and selected data are presented.

Carbon Monoxide From Fibers With Fire Retardants

Carbon monoxide production was measured for selected fibers without and with fire retardants. The yield of carbon monoxide tended to decrease with increasing fire re tardant content in the majority of cases, but not in all cases. There appeared to be some fire retardant levels giving minimum yields of carbon monoxide.

Fire Safety of Wire and Cable Materials: a Bibliography

iRE AND CABLE applications represent one of the major markets for J~ etastomers and plastics. I n 1979, 59,000 tons of h igh-density polyethylene, 191,000 tons of low-density polyethylene, 5,000 tons of polypropylene, and 191,000 tons of polyvinyl chloride were sold for use in wire and cable (Modern Plastics, January 1980). Because wire and cable are used in long lengths and in bundles, and often penetrate walls and floors, they can be a major factor in flame and smoke spread. Information relevant to the fire safety of wire and cable materials is found in various journals, conference proceedings, and reports, and a bibliography of the relevant references would be useful to those concerned with the use of elastomers and plastics as wire and cable materials. The 27 references in this bibliography represent an initial effort toward a comprehensive bibliography on fire safety of wire and cable materials.