Patricia Sánchez

Urban youth building community: Social change and participatory research in schools, homes, and community-Based organizations

SUMMARY “Urban” youth-a euphemism for underserved, poor, marginalized, ethnic minority youth-can be active participants in community change. Countering the predominant image of these youth as disengaged or troubled, this article describes three projects that engage urban youth in community change through participatory research. The authors share their experiences as adult allies on these projects and examine four lessons learned, addressing: (1) the importance of positionality; (2) the role of adult allies in youth-led projects; (3) the creation of safe spaces; and (4) the building of trust and relationships. They conclude that urban youth can become a vital resource for community transformation.

Linguistic Violence, Insecurity, and Work: Language Ideologies of Latina/o Bilingual Teacher Candidates in Texas

Drawing from a larger qualitative study, this article examines the narratives of bilingual Latina/o teacher candidates in South Texas. The findings reveal that bilingual teacher candidates are linguistically subordinated by the marginalized status of Spanish in the United States and by deficit perspectives of Spanish of the Southwest. Their educational experiences are replete with linguistic violence that shapes and influences their own linguistic ideologies. Teacher candidates’ narratives reveal the “linguistic motherwork” that Latina mothers perform to raise the status of Spanish and to maintain their childrens heritage language. However, although our Latina/o bilingual candidates (and their mothers) may view “good,” “proper,” or “academic” Spanish in a positive light, they may have negative attitudes toward their own or others’ nonstandard Spanish dialects, including the varieties that are spoken in Texas.

P2442Assessment of iron overload and cardiac disease in patients with transfusion-dependent myelodysplastic syndromes with cardiac magnetic resonance new sequences

P2443 – Table 1. Multivariate analysis Group 1 (n=6113) Group 2 (n=1922) Group 3 (n=1390) OR [CI95] p-value OR [CI95] p-value OR [CI95] p-value Invasive strategy 0.2 [0.1–0.4] <0.001 IH beta-blockers 0.3 [0.1–0.6] 0.003 IH beta-blockers 0.4 [0.2–0.8] 0.005 Invasive strategy 0.1 [0.1–0.2] <0.001 IH ACEi 0.5 [0.2–0.9] 0.039 IH spironolactone 0.5 [0.3–0.9] 0.024 Invasive strategy 0.2 [0.1–0.3] <0.001 ACEi, angiotensin conversion enzyme inhibitors; IH, In Hospital. P2443 | BEDSIDE Beta blocker therapy a major protector in patients with acute coronary syndromes and moderately reduced ejection fraction patients: a nationwide retrospective study F. Montenegro Sa, C. Ruivo, L. Graca Santos, A. Antunes, J. Morais on behalf of Portuguese Registry Of Acute Coronary Syndrome Investigators. Hospital Santo Andre, Cardiology, Leiria, Portugal Introduction: Beta blockers are an established therapy for heart failure (HF) patients with ejection fraction (EF) <40% as well as part of the cocktail for patients with ACS irrespective of left ventricular dysfunction. HF with moderately reduced EF (40–49% mrEF) is a newly defined entity, without specific therapy indications. Aim: To compare which therapeutic decisions have a positive impact on inhospital mortality, in patients with ACS stratified according to ejection fraction. Methods: The authors analyzed a cohort of patients with ACS enrolled in a multicenter national registry between 2010 and 2016, and stratified according to their EF. Patients with previously known HF or with no echocardiography EF estimation were excluded. 9429 patients were included and classified in three groups; Group1: EF>50%, (n=6113, 65%); Group 2: EF 40–49% (n=1922, 20%); Group 3 (3) EF<40% (n=1390, 15%). To exclude confounding factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, including pharmacological treatment and also pre-hospital, clinical and laboratorial data, ACS classification and coronary anatomy when known. Results: Overall mortality was 2.8% (n=263): Group1: 0.9% (n=53), Group 2: 2.4% (n=37) and Group 3: 11.4% (n=159), p-value <0.001. Multivariate analysis results are shown in the table. After multivariate analysis, in-hospital beta blockers administration had a positive impact in prognosis for group 2 and 3. Conclusion: Post-ACS mrEF patients seem to be an intermediate risk group in which beta blocker administration had a positive impact on survival. An invasive strategy was a survival predictor for all groups, regardless of EF. P2444 | BEDSIDE Prediction of heart failure and atrial fibrillation using the CHARGE-AF and ARIC risk scores S. Ramkumar1, H. Yang2, Y. Wang2, M. Nolan2, K. Negishi2, T.H. Marwick1. 1Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; 2Menzies Research Institute, Hobart, Australia Introduction: The CHARGE-AF is a clinical score which gives an assessment of 5 year risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF). Heart failure (HF) shares a similar risk factor profile to atrial fibrillation. AF risk assessment tools such as the CHARGE-AF score share similar characteristics to other HF risk scores such as the ARIC score. Aim: We aimed to compare the CHARGE-AF score to the ARIC score in prediction of HF and AF in patients with risk factors. Methods: A community based study of 503 participants (mean±SD age 70.8±4.7yrs, male 48% with median±IQR follow up 12 months±3) ≥65 years were recruited if they had presence of 1 or more risk factor for HF (hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, previous chemotherapy, previous history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD)). HF and AF risk was assessed using the CHARGEAF and ARIC scores. Baseline ECG and echocardiography was performed in all participants. HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction was diagnosed as per ESC guidelines. AF was diagnosed by local doctors during the follow up period, by 12 lead ECG during outpatient clinics or using a single lead portable ECG monitoring device (Remon, Semacare, China). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were compared between both scores using the Hanley and McNeil method. Results: The baseline median CHARGE-AF and ARIC scores were 7.5% (3.8– 11.3%) and 5.9% (2.6–9.3%) respectively. During the follow up period 55 patients developed HF. 173/503 participants completed portable ECG monitoring follow up and 43 (25%) were diagnosed with subclinical AF. Patients with HF were older with higher rates of DM, HTN and IHD (p<0.05). Patients with AF were older, more likely to be male and had higher baseline CHARGE-AF score (p<0.05). In patients with HF and AF, echocardiography showed impaired global longitudinal strain and increased left atrial volume (p<0.05). For HF, there was modest discriminative ability using both CHARGE-AF and ARIC scores and no significant Table 1. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves comparing CHARGE-AF and ARIC for heart failure and atrial fibrillation AUC (CHARGE-AF) 95% CI AUC (ARIC) 95% CI Comparison of AUC p value p value p value Heart Failure 0.65 0.58–0.73 0.65 0.58–0.73 0.89

Four cases of a sociocultural approach to mobile learning in La Clase Mágica, an afterschool technology club

ABSTRACT This paper presents four projects in which mobile devices are used to support authentic learning in an afterschool technology club, La Clase Mágica (LCM@UTSA), designed to motivate underrepresented elementary school children in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The implementation of mobile devices into our LCM@UTSA is based on a sociocultural approach to mobile learning in which we use mobile devices to bridge school and home lives in order to make learning authentic and meaningful. This approach uses mobile devices to facilitate generative themes, and multiple contexts. This paper describes four tablet-based projects in LCM@UTSA since 2012, which follow this sociocultural approach to mobile learning.

Book Review: Funds of Knowledge: Theorizing Practices in Households, Communities, and Classrooms

‘collusion’ derives from Latin colludere – to play together – and uses the interplay of language and social context as a way of characterizing text and context (p. 132). The notion of collusion is a wider theme of the book as a whole. In her autobiographical introduction, Eve Gregory explains that ethnography is ‘rooted in the art of collusion’ (p. xvii) where the researcher is necessarily in collusion with a range of others: the participants in the studies, other students carrying out similar research, but importantly collusion against those who promote ‘simplistic answers to collecting, analysing or interpreting data involving real people’ (p. xxiii). The book not only gives a reflective view of how researchers can do ethnography, but provides detailed sections on theory and methodology, although a little less on data analysis and interpretation. The tone of the book throughout is one of rigorous examination and diligence in research processes. However, through the voices of the four authors it becomes clear that there is no one way to carry out ethnographic research and that the details of recording and reflecting on experience will be matters for considered decision by the researcher, shaped as each of us is by experience, personal and professional history. Above all, the authors stress the value and importance of honesty – with us as researchers, with our participants and with the data gathered. I was enthralled and engaged by the different stories told by the authors as they described their research journeys through the complexities of ethical, scrupulous and thoughtful ethnography. Despite the differences in the scope of these two books they both remind us of the responsibility of research, of the need for trustworthiness and of an approach that honours the real people who are both the subjects and the collaborators for research, which should illuminate educational thinking.