Patrícia Yuko Hiraki

Surgical treatment of extracranial arteriovenous malformations after multiple embolizations: outcomes in a series of 31 patients.

Background: Surgical resection after embolization is the most accepted approach to treating arteriovenous malformations. The authors analyzed the outcome of surgically treated patients and how surgical resection was influenced by multiple embolizations. Methods: Thirty-one patients were included from January of 2000 to December of 2012. The mean patient age was 24.9 years. Anatomical involvement, definition of limits, functional impairment, number of embolizations, type of resection, reconstruction method, blood transfusion, and hospital stay were evaluated. Morbidity, mortality, and regrowth rates and need for additional procedures were evaluated. Results: Lesions were preferentially located at the orbits, cheeks, and lips. The number of embolizations per patient increased with lesion complexity. In 22 cases, total excision was accomplished, and in nine, subtotal resections were performed to favor function. After multiple embolizations, better lesion identification was observed. Primary closure was performed in 20 cases, local flaps were performed in seven cases, axial flaps were performed in two patients, and free flaps were performed in two cases. There were no deaths. Regrowth rates were influenced by limits between arteriovenous malformations and surrounding tissues (15.8 percent of cases with precise limits versus 58.3 percent of lesions with imprecise limits; p = 0.021) and by type of resection (18.2 percent of cases after total resection versus 66.7 percent after subtotal resections; p = 0.015). Conclusions: Multiple therapeutic embolizations seem to increase safety in the treatment of arteriovenous vascular malformations and suggest an additional positive effect besides bleeding control. Preoperative definition of limits and establishment of conditions for total resection are critical to determine management and risk of regrowth. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

Mastopexia após perda ponderal maciça: suspensão dérmica, remodelação do parênquima e aumento com tecido autógeno

BACKGROUND: Patients who experience major weight loss may have pronounced breast ptosis, loss of projection of the higher pole, and excessive tissue in the lateral thorax. Rubin & Khachi described a mastopexy technique with dermal suspension and parenchymal remodeling associated with augmentation with autologous tissue. This technique treats the mammary deformity and the excessive tissue in the lateral thorax in a single surgery. In this study, we describe this surgical technique and demonstrate its reproducibility and the possible complications. METHODS: From December 2008 to December 2009, surgery was performed using the technique described above on 14 patients with grade 2 and 3 deformities according to the Pittsburgh scale. The following data were analyzed: type of breast deformity, translocation of the papillary-areolar complex (PAC), dimension of the flaps used, surgical time, permanence time of the drain, and the incidence of complications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 41.21 ± 7.67 years and the mean body mass index was 29.30 ± 2.77. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 18 months, with a mean of 8 months. Among the 14 patients that underwent surgery, 4 patients (28.6%) had grade 3 deformities and 10 patients (71.4%), had grade 2 deformities. The mean translocation of the PAC was 6.38 cm, the mean dimensions of the flap were 25.21 cm × 6.92 cm, and the mean surgical time was 188.57 minutes. The drains remained for an average of 6.21 days. The following complications were observed: PAC epitheliosis, dehiscence of the T-junction, a small hematoma, and lateral thoracic lymphedema. CONCLUSIONS: Mastopexy with dermal suspension, parenchyma remodeling, and augmentation with autologous tissue is a reproducible technique that can be performed quickly and has a low complication rate.

Z brachiothoracoplasty for body contouring after massive weight loss

DOI: 10.5935/2177-1235.2015RBCP0155 Institution: Hospital Estadual de Sapopemba HESAP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Introduction: Brachioplasty treats deformities of the upper limbs. Lateral thoracoplasty treats the upper torso. Brachioplasties, thoracoplasties, and brachiothoracoplasties have been performed with Z-plasty for deformities of the upper limbs and upper third of the chest, in the Sapopemba State Hospital. Objective: We describe modifications of surgical technique for the performance of Z brachiothoracoplasty, and evaluate the results of treatment of deformities of the lateral chest. Method: Thirty-one Patients underwent brachiothoracoplasty and lateral thoracoplasty. The demarcation was made with the patient upright, and the upper limbs abducted at 90o. Marking for brachioplasty was performed using a double-ellipse, to lengthen the modified demarcation along the anterior axillary line toward the inframammary crease in a Z shape. Results: All patients reported an improvement in the contour of the region, and there were no complaints regarding the positioning of the scar. Discussion: Z brachiothoracoplasty consists of extending the incision line on the medial aspect of the arm, passing proximally to the axilla, and continuing through the midaxillary line to the inframammary crease. There was an improvement in the contour of the dorsal region and the skin folds of the lateral thoracic region. Conclusion: Z brachiothoracoplasty and lateral thoracoplasty have the great advantage of eliminating a circumferential scar on the upper torso, thereby improving the contour of the region through skin resection in both the craniocaudal and anteroposterior directions. ■ ABSTRACT

Resultados da ressecção de hemangiomas infantis nasais em fase proliferativa: abordagem segura para os tumores centrais da face

BACKGROUND: Infantile hemangioma is the most common benign tumor in infancy and occurs most often in the cervicofacial region. Its course can be divided into 3 phases with frequent spontaneous regression. However, residual sequelae or anatomical structure deformities can occur. An early and definitive surgical approach aiming at good aesthetic results and anatomical preservation is indicated in such cases because of the localization of the nasal hemangiomas and their capacity to disfigure. This study analyzed the results of the definitive surgical approach for proliferative nasal hemangiomas according to an objective evaluation. METHODS: From 1997 to 2009, 20 patients suffering from nasal hemangiomas in the proliferative phase were treated surgically. The lesions were analysed according to the area affected and type of treatment. Complication rates and the need for additional procedures were analyzed. The aesthetic results were evaluated by independent evaluators. RESULTS: The lesions were localized in the tip of the nose in 50% of patients, dorsal area in 20%, all subunits in 15%, paranasal areas in 10%, and alar area in 5%. Resection was total and subtotal in 60% and 40% of the patients, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 42.6 months. The mean number of surgical procedures per patient was 1.3 ± 0.7. No significant complications were observed. The results were positively evaluated with respect to the reduction of lesion volume and improved face shape, corroborating the proposed approach. CONCLUSIONS: Definitive surgical treatment is a safe and effective alternative for the management of nasal hemangiomas and has low complication rates.

Nevo melanocítico congênito: estudo retrospectivo dos aspectos epidemiológicos e terapêuticos em uma série de 45 pacientes

INTRODUCTION: Congenital melanocytic nevi despite presenting a relatively rare incidence are injuries that require monitoring for a long period. The purpose of this is to prevent psychological sequelae and complications inherent to this pathology, such as psychological stress, neurocutaneous melanosis and malignant degeneration. METHODS: The present study demonstrates the epidemiological data and treatment in a series of 45 cases treated in the Divisao de Cirurgia Plastica e Queimaduras do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (Division of Plastic Surgery and Burns of School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo).