Patrick Kinnicutt

Knit-in 3D mapping's effect on thermoregulation: preliminary results

This study explored knit-in 3D mappings influence on thermal comfort under different environmental conditions when in next-to-skin (NTS) garments. It was hypothesised that the knit-in raised geometric shapes would modify the microclimate in the torso region, allowing for better thermal management and keeping the wearer more comfortable than an identical NTS shirt without mapping. Thermal images were taken of the front and back torso regions of the NTS garments worn in wearer trials while exercising under hot and cold conditions. The data suggested that an NTS shirt with no mapping tended to regulate skin temperatures better under hot conditions, while an NTS shirt with knit-in mapping regulated skin temperatures better in cold environments. Skin and exterior garment temperature changes indicated that an NTS shirt with knit-in mapping retained more heat inside the garment, providing better insulative performance under cold conditions.

Text Document Clustering: The Application of Cluster Analysis to Textual Document

Gathering the most relevant data for ones need, from the huge collection of data in the internet is a work of great difficult. To make it easier, we propose an application called text clustering, which is an automatic grouping of text documents into clusters, so that documents within a cluster defines the similarity between them, but they are not similar to documents in other clusters. Most of existing text clustering algorithms uses the traditional vector space model, which treats documents as group of words while the word sequences in the documents are ignored and the meaning of natural languages strongly depends on them. Our first objective is to implement a clustering algorithm in java, named Clustering based on Frequent Word Sequences. The frequent word sequences can provide compact and valuable information about the text documents. Our second objective is to use an association rule miner[13] to find the frequent two-word sets that satisfy the minimum support using Apriori Algorithm[2,5]. Our results will show that the finally compact documents will be more accurate and precise than the regular method documents.

Thermal Manikin Evaluation of Gender Sweat Differences While Wearing a Ballistic Vest

The purpose of this research was to determine if gender-related thermoregulatory differences impacted relative humidity levels in the microclimate while wearing a unisex ballistic vest. Data was collected using a sweating thermal manikin customized to simulate high-intensity sweat rates. Sensors were used to collect microclimate data between the uniform layers. The male and female thermal manikin exhibited no significant differences in microclimate data in the layers of the back of the uniform while wearing the ballistic vest. There was a significant statistical difference between the male and female manikin for the frontal region with women exhibiting lower RH values. Without the ballistic vest, the female manikin exhibited significantly lower RH values in the microclimate region, both front and back. There were no significant differences in RH values for the male thermal manikin with versus without the ballistic vest.

Multiresolution Analysis of DNA Sequences

A wavelet based method for transforming DNA sequences is illustrated by using the small subunit of the ribosome. This paper discusses the application of multi resolution analysis on FASTA-formatted DNA sequences using biorthogonal wavelets. Once transformed, the data could be used for pairwise or multiple sequence alignments needed for studies of evolutionary relationships or for gene finding. Further studies of wavelet based methods are also mentioned.

AidData.org: A Donation Analysis

Every year, in order to improve the lives of people the government and people are spending a lot of money in developing countries. For better country future, the government can take better decisions if they have relevant and accessible data like citizens who are willing to donate and invest few dollars to increase the developments. Aiddata.org is a kind of website which provides data to visualize, and analyse data on

The Effects of Short-Term Exercise on Anthropometric Measurements

40 trillion in financing for development. Aid Data is a research lab which maintains development finance related activities that help to improve profitable outcomes by providing development finance data to government and people at their fingertips. Aid Data dataset includes over 1 million aid activities funded by more than 90 donors from the 1700s to present. The analysis of this dataset mainly help us to understand the process about the donation analysis between the countries and many different organizations which undertook this donation activity.

Arsenic in Michigan Soil: Spatial Stratification for Environmental Regulatory Purposes

Currently in the United States, one in four adults is considered either overweight or obese and efforts are underway by U.S. government agencies and health professionals to encourage adults to take control of their health status; including more exercise and dietary changes. In response, a new exercise program called “boot camp” has been introduced in communities across the U.S. The boot camps are a series of short-term programs 4 weeks in duration and are modeled after military basic training for new recruits, or boot camp. During these four weeks, participants undergo a rigorous cardiovascular, weight training and dietary program. For this study, 62 subjects participated in a series of boot camps in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA. These subjects, in coordination with the boot camp instructor, were body scanned before and after completing the program. This allowed the participants to determine where anthropometric changes occurred in their somatotypes. This paper discusses the temporal changes in anthropometric measurements obtained from a 3D body scanner and a medical-grade scale as a result of a rigorous exercise and dietary program. Of the 74 subjects, 5 were male and 69 were female, and ages ranged from 18 to 58 at the time of the boot camp program. Pre-program BMIs for female subjects ranged from 19.5 to 41.1 and for male participants 26.2 to 32.4. The female subjects lost an average of 2.5 kilograms during the 4 week period, while males lost an average of 5.4 kilograms. On average, the female subjects lost 2.54 cm and men lost 4.1 cm in belly circumference. Preversus post-body scanning results indicated that the change in belly circumference is correlated with the change in BMI for both genders (r = 0.46 for females, r = 0.75 for males). This paper presents the protocol and other statistics describing how the results of changes in somatotypes as a result of an exercise program can be captured by body scanning technology. In addition, this paper explores how people attempting to alter their body shape, such as professional athletes gaining weight or persons in weight loss programs, can measure their progress from the scans. 3D body scans may be much more affirming and motivating to an individual trying to reduce or reshape their body, especially when weight stays the same or is slow to change.

Collaborative Teamwork Exploring the Development of Mass-customizable Next-to-skin Apparel

State environmental regulatory agencies in the U.S. often establish a default background standard for naturally occurring elements in the soil, water, and air. The background standard is determined and then used as a benchmark across the entire jurisdiction. A variety of statistical techniques are used to determine this standard, but often ignore any inherent spatial dependencies within the jurisdiction. If the analysis indicates a specific site exceeds the default standard, additional background sampling and analysis must usually be performed. Frequently, this additional sampling is found to be unnecessary simply because the natural background levels were elevated for this particular site. Conversely, potential contamination may be overlooked in areas where the natural background levels are much lower. Thus, a single default background standard seems inadequate within this context. This paper proposes the use of dissimilarity coefficients based on kriging estimates as a means to regionalize background standards. Along with cluster analysis techniques, these dissimilarity coefficients provide a means to stratify the population into geographic sub-areas. A regulatory agency may now define multiple default background standards based on geographic location. To illustrate, this paper examines a case study concerning residential soil arsenic for 83 Michigan counties.

Chapter 32 Surficial characterization of dioxin in Midland, Michigan, using non-euclidean geostatistics

This paper describes the collaborative workflow and the advantages of an asset team structure in developing multidisciplinary solutions to solve design problems. In particular, a multidisciplinary asset team comprised of Central Michigan University faculty members joined forces in an effort to explore technological solutions to improve the development of mass-customizable next-to-skin (NTS) apparel, using a 3D body scanner, an infrared imaging system, a walk-in environmental chamber and supporting software to create a database consisting of thermal distributions of the human torso. This paper describes the workflow used to accomplish this result, primarily the engineering and computer science workflow.

Thermal Pattern Variations Analyzed Using 2D/3D Mapping Techniques Among Females

Abstract Much research has been done characterizing surficial contaminants using geostatistics or other spatial estimation technique. This chapter examines the use of a non-Euclidean distance metric combined with geostatistical techniques to model the surficial distribution of dioxins in Imerman Park near Midland, Michigan. This chapter also examines the applicability of geostatistics to small data sets. An overview of the dioxin sampling in Midland, MI, will be examined, followed by a brief overview of geostatistical theory, variogram modeling, and the use of non-Euclidean distance metrics to capture the geologic processes. Preliminary results of a case study evaluating the surficial dioxin distribution in Imerman Park downstream from the Dow Midland plants will then be presented, comparing the use of a flood plain non-Euclidean distance norm versus a Euclidean distance norm.