Paul Drzaic

Review Paper: A critical review of the present and future prospects for electronic paper

Abstract— The commercial success of monochrome electronic paper (e-Paper) is now propelling the development of next-generation flexible, video, and color e-Paper products. Unlike the early battles in the 1980s and 1990s between transmissive and emissive display technologies, there is a extraordinary diversity of technologies vying to become the next generation of e-Paper. A critical review of all major e-Paper technologies, including a technical breakdown of the performance limitations based on device physics and commentary on possible future breakthroughs, is presented. In addition, the visual requirements for color e-Paper are provided and compared to standards used in conventional print. It is concluded that researchers have much work remaining in order to bridge the significant gap between reflective electronic displays and print-on-paper.

18.2: Plastic Film Displays with NanoBlock® IC Drivers Integrated by Fluidic Self Assembly Process

We have built plastic displays for SmartCards by integrating high-quality, crystalline silicon NanoBlock IC drivers using a Fluidic Self Assembly (FSA®) process. With this low-cost, high-volume manufacturing approach, flexible peripheral driver strips are now being readied for application to commercial liquid crystal and OLED display products.

Plastic‐film displays with NanoBlock IC drivers integrated by a fluidic self‐assembly process

High-performance compact plastic displays have been built by integrating high-quality crystalline-Si NanoBlock IC drivers into plastic films using a fluidic self-assembly (FSA) process. Plastic-film-based liquid-crystal displays, only 500 μm thick, were integrated into smartcards using NanoBlock IC voltage drivers. In an additional demonstration, polymer-LED displays were constructed using NanoBlock IC current drivers. FSA technology provides a cost-effective means of packaging integrated circuits within plastic film, enabling high-performance backplanes that can be combined with a variety of display media.

Rugged low-cost display systems

Alien technology has developed a family of rugged, plastic displays for portable devices like SmartCards, electronic signs, cellular telephones and military devices. These displays are driven by ultra-miniaturized silicon integrated circuits called NanoBlcok ICs that are put together using a Fluidic Self Assembly (FSA) process. This low-cost, high- volume manufacturing technique makes possible new types of liquid crystal and OLED display products.