Paul Otto Fritz

Process for pretreatment of hydrocarbon oil prior to hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking

Disclosed is a process for pretreatment of hydrocarbon feed containing sulfur and nitrogen compounds and aromatics prior to hydrocracking or fluid catalytic cracking which comprises: contacting said feedstock with a sulfided catalyst comprising a metal of non-noble Group VIII and Group VIB, and, optionally one or more elements selected from Group IIIA and Group VA of the Periodic Table on a carbon support consisting essentially of activated carbon, optionally on a carbon support treated with phosphorus, having a B.E.T. (Braunauer-Emmett Teller) surface area of at least 100 m2 /g and an average Pore Diameter greater than 12Å and a Total Pore Volume greater than 0.3 cc/g.

Copper-Triazole Interaction and Coolant Inhibitor Depletion

To a large extent, the depletion of tolyltriazole (TTZ) observed in several field tests may be attributed to the formation of a protective copper-triazole layer. Laboratory aging studies, shown to correlate with field experience, reveal that copper-TTZ layer formation depletes coolant TTZ levels in a fashion analogous to changes observed in the field. XPS and TPD-MS characterization of the complex formed indicates a strong chemical bond between copper and the adsorbed TTZ which can be desorbed thermally only at elevated temperatures. Electrochemical polarization experiments indicate that the layer provides good copper protection even when TTZ is absent from the coolant phase. Examination of copper cooling system components obtained after extensive field use reveals the presence of a similar protective layer.

Development of A Micro Hydroprocessing Test for Rapid Evaluation of Catalysts

Abstract The currently available rapid microactivity (MAT) tests based on the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of thiophene or benzothiophene at atmospheric or elevated pressures for ranking the hydroprocessing/hydrotreating catalysts are applicable only to catalysts belonging to the same compositional family and also are limited to determining only their HDS activities. We present here a simple and rapid Micro Hydroprocessing Test (MHT) procedure developed in our laboratory to measure and rank hydroprocessing catalysts for their HDS, hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and hydrogenation (HYD) activities simultaneously. The catalyst ranking obtained from using this MHT procedure matches that obtained from catalytic evaluations using real petroleum feedstocks. In addition, this MHT procedure makes it possible to rank catalysts belonging to different compositional families.