Paula Nogueira Curi

Produção de mudas de framboeseira negra por diferentes métodos de propagação vegetativa

Aiming to develop a propagation protocol through black raspberry (Rubus niveus) cutting and layering, the objective of the present research was to quantify the rizogenic potential of stems and roots cuttings, point and air layering of this specie. In the first experiment, the stems and roots cuttings of 10 cm of length were treated with different concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IBA): 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000mg L-1 for 10 seconds. In the second experiment, the stems and roots cuttings of black raspberry were cold storage by 10, 20 and 30 days, and control without storage. In both experiments, the stems cuttings were buried 2/3 length in the vertical position and the roots cuttings were totally immerged in the horizontal position, using the vermiculita as substrate, in greenhouse with 50% of light. After 60 days, they were evaluated. In the third experiment, the point and air layering were accomplished in the medium portion of the branches, being applied in the place different concentrations of IBA (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000mg L-1) and soon after, they were involved by the following humidified pinus substrate. After 45 days they were removed for the evaluation. It can be concluded that the stems cuttings presents better results in comparison by roots cuttings, owing cold storage and without IBA; the point layering promoted larger emission of roots in comparison to air layering.

Qualidade de framboesas sem cobertura ou cobertas sobre o dossel e em diferentes espaçamentos

A framboesa e uma pequena fruta de grande importância economica, que contem numerosos compostos fenolicos, com potenciais beneficos a saude; porem, quando cultivada em regioes subtropicais, possui problemas com podridoes pos-colheita. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a qualidade de framboesas cultivadas sem cobertura ou com o dossel coberto com cobertura plastica e em diferentes espacamentos (3 x 0,50 m e 3 x 0,25 m). Foram avaliadas: a coloracao dos frutos, a quantidade de antocianinas, vitamina C, cinzas, umidade, solidos soluveis totais, acucares, acidez, firmeza, incidencia de ferrugem nos frutos e a composicao mineral (nitrogenio, fosforo, potassio, calcio, magnesio, enxofre, boro, cobre, manganes, zinco e ferro). Ao final, observou-se que cultivo com espacamento 3 x 0,25 m e cobertas com cobertura plastica aumentou a qualidade das framboesas.

Cobertura plástica e densidade de plantio na qualidade das frutas de Physalis peruviana L.

Physalis peruviana L. is a species belonging to the Solanaceae family, which has been incorporated in small fruit plantations with high yielding potential for subtropical regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fruits quality of P. peruviana L., produced with or without plastic cover over the plant canopy and two planting densities ( 0.5 and 1.0 m between plants ) and 3.0 m between planting lines. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial 2 x 2 with 6 blocks and 10 plants per plot. We evaluated the qualitative characteristics of fruits such as fresh weight, length, diameter, color, amount of total anthocyanins, vitamin C, ash, soluble solids, sucrose, glucose, total sugars, titratable acidity, firmness and moisture. The higher planting density and planting without plastic cover over the plant canopy result in better fruits quality of P. peruviana L.

Influence of Subtropical Region Strawberry Cultivars on Jelly Characteristics

At the end of the production period of strawberries grown in subtropical regions, postharvest durability is severely diminished due to rising temperatures which compromises the commercialization of fresh fruit. An ideal option would be to process strawberries in the form of preserves, jams, and jellies. Along this line it becomes extremely important to conduct a survey of which cultivars grown in subtropical regions are more suitable for processing in the form of jelly, as well as to understand what the consumer profile is for this product. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different strawberry cultivars grown in subtropical regions of Brazil (Camarosa, Festival, San Andreas, Oso Grande, Camino Real, and Albion) on the physicochemical characteristics, rheological properties and sensory acceptance of the resulting jelly in order to identify cultivars with the greatest potential for industrial use. The strawberry cultivars presented different physicochemical characteristics which resulted in jellies with different physicochemical and rheological characteristics. In this study, however, we verified that all cultivars have potential to be processed in the form of jelly due to good acceptance of all formulations prepared. In general consumers prefer a lighter-colored strawberry jelly, with a less intense red color, more acidic, and less consistent/firm.

Subtropical region cambuci accessions: characterization and jam processing potential

The consumption of the cambuci in nature is limited due to the strong acidity and astringency of its fruits, and in view of the various accesses that can currently be cultivated, it is of great importance to study the cambuci processing in the form of products such as jams, as well as to survey which accessions are more suitable for processing. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize different cambuci accesses (7240, 7225, 7262, 7292 and 7278) and to evaluate their influence on the physicochemical characteristics, rheological properties and sensory acceptance of jam in order to identify the access with the highest potential for industrial use. To characterize the different cambuci accessions, analyzes of length, diameter, unit mass, firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, SS/total acidity (ratio) and color (L*, a* and b*) were performed on fresh fruit. The different accessions were also analyzed for the content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity (DPPH and β-carotene method) and vitamin C. In the jellies obtained from different accessions, analyzes of soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, color (L*, a* and b*), besides the sensorial analysis and texture profile were performed. Although the physicochemical characteristics of cambuci indicate that this fruit is not suitable for fresh consumption, due to the high acidity (0.64-1.41 g citric acid.100 g-1) and low sweetness (1.33-2.67 °Brix), it was verified that the cambuci processing is extremely feasible, in particular the accesses 7240, 7278 and 7225, since the resulting jam has shown good sensory acceptance. In addition, it was verified that cambuci is a very nutritional rich fruit, being considered an excellent source of phenolic compounds (331.74-1134.54 mg GAEs.100 g-1), presenting a high antioxidant activity (DPPH- 83.06 to 97.18% of sequestration and beta-carotene 87.02 to 94.56% of protection) and a high vitamin C content (98.67- 128.80 mg.100 g-1).

Characterization and Marmelade processing potential of quince cultivars cultivated in tropical regions

With the purpose of adding value to the final product and aiming to identify which cultivars implanted in tropical regions are more appropriate for the processing of marmelade, the objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the influence of different cultivars of quince (‘Fuller’, ‘Smyrna’, ‘Portugal’, ‘Provence’, ‘Mendonza Inta-37’, ‘Alaranjado’, ‘Lajeado’, ‘CTS 207’, ‘D’Angers’ and ‘Bereczy’) grown in tropical Brazilian regions, on the physical-chemical characteristics, rheological properties and the consumer acceptance of the obtained marmelade. The different quince cultivars presented great variability among themselves in relation to physical and physicochemical characteristics. However, the cultivars studied gave rise to marmelades that were similar to each other, which had a high sensory acceptance, except for the cultivar Mendonza Inta-37, which resulted in a less accepted marmelade.

CHARACTERIZATION AND INFLUENCE OF SUBTROPICAL PERSIMMON CULTIVARS ON JUICE AND JELLY CHARACTERISTICS

To increase the availability to consumers and add more value to persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.), which is a very perishable and seasonal fruit and in order to identify which cultivars grown in subtropical regions are more suitable for processing in the form of juice and jelly, as well as understand what the consumer profile is for these products, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different persimmon cultivars (Rama Forte, Mel, Guiombo and Taubaté) grown in subtropical regions of Brazil on the physicochemical characteristics, rheological properties and sensory acceptance of the resulting juice and jelly in order to identify cultivars with the greatest potential for industrial use. The different studied persimmon cultivars had different physical and physicochemical characteristics which resulted in juices and jellies with different physicochemical, rheological and sensory characteristics. Based on sensory acceptance and productivity/adaptability of persimmon crop in Brazil, the most suitable persimmon cultivars for processing are Rama Forte and Guiombo. In this study it was found that the consumer prefers a more acidic persimmon juice and a less firm or softer, less sweet, clearer and more intense yellow color persimmon jelly.