Paula Perlea

Bioceramics and Endodontics: Present and Expectations in Clinical Use

Currently bioceramics are preferentially used in various endodontic treatments such as pulp capping, pulp amputation, apexification, root-end fillings, perforation repair, and pulp regeneration. Additionally, bioceramics started to replace traditional materials still used in root canal fillings. The promising clinical results achieved during last 20 years by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) promoted in root canal treatments other MTA-like innovative endodontic materials, some of them produced by nanotechnology. Though the newcomers claim to have at least the same efficacy as MTA only rigorous long-term clinical studies might confirm the expectations. Probably the most spectacular effect of using bioceramics in endodontics is mirrored in regenerative treatments. However, are still required proper treatment protocols able to optimize the signaling environment of bioactive molecules for achieving the most efficient pulp regeneration. Pivotal is also the balance between clinical and histological outcomes. As compared to conventional materials used in endodontic treatments bioceramic cements are not only biocompatible but also bioactive as they proved to be involved in controlling the tissue healing and pulp regeneration. MTA or MTA-like cements are already the material of choice in regenerative endodontics, conservative vital pulp therapy and periradicular surgery due to their clinical success rate that spectacularly upraised in recent years. Based on in progress technology of fabrication it is expected that the newcomers belonging to bioceramic cements will overcome some potential clinical and histological downsides. MTA-based endodontic sealers are also promising promoters of improved interfacial bond between the filling material and the dentinal walls of root canal as a guarantee against microinfiltration.

Thermal Changes of Bone Induced during Drilling for Dental Implants Placement: An In Vitro Study

Bone Heating during Osteotomy for Dental Implant Placement is a High Risk Factor of Osteonecrosis. the Aim of this Study was to Investigate in Vitro the Temperature Changes Induced in Bone by Different Burs with External Cooling during the Surgical Step of Osteotomy. it was Used the Digital Infrared Camera FLIR SC640 (Flir Systems) that Allowed a Real-Time Infrared Thermographic Analysis of Thermal Images, Recorded 0.50 m Away from Osteotomy Site. there were Prepared 10 Osteotomy Sites with each MIS System Burs of Progressive Diameter (2 Mm ø, 2.8 Mm ø, and 3.2 Mm ø), at 2000 Rpm, on 30 Samples of Bovine Femoral Bone. the Thermographic Analysis Showed that the Mean Temperature Generated in Bone by Performing the Osteotomy was 46,5oC ± 0,48 for 2 Mm ø Bur, 59,5oC ± 1,62 for 2.8 Mm ø Bur, and 51,4oC ± 0,51 for 3.2 Mm ø Bur. Surprisingly the Maximal Temperatures were Recorded with Intermediatte 2.82 Mm ø Bur. the Infrared Thermography Proved to Be a High Accurate, Fast, and Efficient Non-Invasive Method of Bone Temperature Measurement Generated during Drilling for Placement of Dental Implants. while Drilling the Bone in a Progressive Sequence of Bur Diameters, the Temperature Raise is Non-Uniform because the Quantity of Removed Bone is Changing from One Bur to the other, and the Mechanical Friction of Following Burs in the Series is Reduced as Compared to the Pilot Bur.

Direct odontal restoration with pre-fabricated screw metal post-case report

Abstract We are very often confronted in dental daily practice with the clinical situations where important loss of hard dental structure is present and direct restoration is required. In these cases, armed odontal direct restauration can be performed, using additional retention systems. The restoration of the coronal part in non-vital teeth has certain specific aspects and one of the most used endodontic anchorage is the metal threaded prefabricated posts. Current techniques and materials allow the dentist to fulfill all the clinical requirements, in terms of resistance to occlusal stress and the esthetic aspect of the restoration.

Specific clinical aspects of the dental caries in deciduous teeth

Abstract This paper reviews the clinical aspects of dental caries in primary teeth. The specific aspects of carious processes in deciduous dentition are: the progress of dental caries quickly leads to pulp complications; the intake of hydrocabonate is high in children, and the presence of the bacterial dental plaque is favored, especially with in the conditions of poor oral hygiene in children; the lack of information and education of the parents regarding the importance of the dental carious treatment in temporary teeth often leads to the point of completely irecuperable tooth.

Dental lesions and restorative treatment in molars

Abstract This article review specific clinical issues of the molar teeth, as well as the therapeutic approach of their pathology. The dental pathology we face in the group of molars is related to: dental caries, dental trauma (crown and crown-root fractures), dental wear phenomena. The therapeutic approach of the molar teeth is represented by: restoration of the loss of hard dental tissues; endodontic treatments of pulpal and periapical complications; surgical treatment. The restorative treatments in molars are: direct restorations, with or without supplementary anchorage for obturations; inlay, onlay; prosthetic crown.