Paulo de Martino Jannuzzi

Estudo do uso de fontes de informação para inovação tecnológica na indústria brasileira

O uso de fontes de informacao internas e externas a empresa para a geracao da inovacao tecnologica e fator determinante para a competitividade de qualquer economia. O presente trabalho analisa a importância atribuida as fontes de informacao internas e externas a empresa para a introducao de inovacao tecnologica nas industrias, a partir da Pesquisa Industrial de Inovacao Tecnologica (Pintec – 2000) do IBGE, que investigou as atividades de inovacao tecnologica em cerca de 70 mil industrias brasileiras. As empresas foram instadas a avaliar o uso e importância de diferentes tipos de fontes de informacao. Identificou-se na pesquisa o carater secundario, em geral, das informacoes provenientes do departamento de pesquisa e desenvolvimento e das universidades e institutos de pesquisa e, em contrapartida, o papel fundamental das informacoes provenientes do mercado, concorrencia e fornecedores. constatou-se tambem que a importância conferida e a diversidade de fontes consultadas (P&D e universidades, inclusive) dependem do grau de competitividade do setor industrial, tendo desdobramentos importantes do ponto de vista do desempenho em inovacao tecnologica. Palavras-chave Fontes de informacao; Pesquisa industrial; Inovacao tecnologica; Inovacao tecnologica; pesquisa e desenvolvimento. Study on the use of information sources to technological innovation in brazilian manufactures Abstract The use of internal and external sources of information to create technological innovation in companies is a crucial factor to the competitiveness of the any nation’s economy. This paper analyses the importance of external and internal sources of information to innovation practices, by using Technological Industrial Innovation Research – Pintec 2000 from IBGE- that investigated the technological innovation activities in about seventy thousand brazilian manufactures. Companies were told to evaluate the use and importance of several types of sources of information. R&D Departments and Universities are considered less important than information brought by Market agents. The data showed also that the importance and diversity of sources of information used – including R&D and Universities- depends on the industry competitiveness, yielding important impact on Technological Innovation rates. Keywords Information sources; Industrial research technological innovation; Technological innovation; Research and development.

Estratificação socioocupacional para estudos de mercado e pesquisa social no Brasil

With the objective of making a methodological contribution to market and social research in Brazil, this essay proposes the classification of occupations in Brazil into five socio-occupational strata. The inspiration for this system is classic British social stratification research, and it is based on empirical indicators of socio-economic status, computed on the basis of Demographic Census research and PNADs.

Produção e disseminação da informação estatística: agências estaduais no Brasil

Under discussion in this article are the results of a study aimed at evaluating the performance of public statistical services in producing and disseminating information. Despite operational and budgetary limitations, these entities seek to meet both the demands of the public and the needs of policy makers through a wider thematic scope, more flexible presentation of statistical information, and the adoption of more proactive dissemination practices.

Cenários futuros e projeções populacionais para pequenas áreas: método e aplicação para distritos paulistanos 2000-2010

Population projections in Brazil for small areas, such as municipalities, districts, neighborhoods and territorial units, are in ever greater demand for public and private projects and activities. This kind of population data is used to improve planning capabilities at the local level, such as input for urban planning and the allocation of resources for participated planning processes. Most proposed models in the literature are data intensive, based on administrative records maintained by local agencies or governmental offices. Since the coverage and quality of this type of data is very limited in many parts of underdeveloped countries, these models are often useless. This article presents an alternative method of demographic projection for small areas – known as ProjPeq – to produce populational estimates in small areas, a method that is useful when good census data and vital statistics are available. The model presented here is an integrated method for projecting population sizes by using cohort components at the regional level, together with a system of differential equations to divide up the total population based on two parameters – a vegetative factor and a residential attractive factor. The article first presents the integrated model of the demographic component-dynamic system. Secondly, it discusses the importance and use of expert qualitative data on future scenarios in order to project activities. It also presents an application at the district level for the city of Sao Paulo, comparing results with estimates computed by other techniques.

Profissional da informação: análise da inserção no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

The discussion on the insertion of the information professional in the labor market in Brazil is marked by studies with testing? nature, particular case studies and empirical inquiries of small extent and representativeness. In an attempt to contribute with this discussion, the present study had as the main objective to bring about more general and current empirical evidences about the insertion of these professionals in the labor market, in the form allowed by the Demographic Census 2000. More specifically, the inquiry had as the objective to investigate the dimension and characterization of the professional contingent in information activities acting in the Brazilian labor market in the year 2000, according to the categories of the Brazilian Classification of Occupations, as follows: professionals of the information; archivists and museologists; librarianship technicians; museum technicians and similar; documentation, information and inquiry services assistants. The contingent of professionals and their distribution in the regions of the country are shown. A characterization of each occupational group is also shown, regarding school level, position in the occupation and average income indicators. The inquiry reveals that the professionals contingent of the group is 0.1% in relation to the country total productive population, with higher concentration in the Southeastern and Southern states. Different from expected from the literature, among the categories analyzed, Information Professionals have better occupational insertion and better incomes in relation to professionals of the Sciences and Arts, although the situation of the latter is not very good.

Força de trabalho e desemprego na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro nos anos 1990: o efeito dos fatores demográficos

This article analyses the effects of demographic variables on unemployment rates in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (MRRJ), which, since the 1990s, has been the area in Brazil with the lowest unemployment rates, especially when compared with the Metropolitan Regions of Sao Paulo and Salvador. This paper discusses the effects of the fall in fertility since the 1960s, the aging population, the higher mortality rates among young males in recent decades, and the declining trend of immigration toward the region, factor that tend to produce lower unemployment rates locally. In fact, empirical data collected in surveys show that lower unemployment rates in the MRRJ seem to be a consequence not only of economic factors, but also of a favorable set of demographic trends related to lower immigration, earlier and persistent fall in fertility, higher mortality levels at working ages, and less labor by the elderly. All these factors yield lower increments in the workforce than that seen in the other regions analyzed.

Escenarios futuros y proyecciones poblacionales para pequeñas áreas: método y aplicación para distritos paulistas 2000-2010

Population projections in Brazil for small areas, such as municipalities, districts, neighborhoods and territorial units, are in ever greater demand for public and private projects and activities. This kind of population data is used to improve planning capabilities at the local level, such as input for urban planning and the allocation of resources for participated planning processes. Most proposed models in the literature are data intensive, based on administrative records maintained by local agencies or governmental offices. Since the coverage and quality of this type of data is very limited in many parts of underdeveloped countries, these models are often useless. This article presents an alternative method of demographic projection for small areas – known as ProjPeq – to produce populational estimates in small areas, a method that is useful when good census data and vital statistics are available. The model presented here is an integrated method for projecting population sizes by using cohort components at the regional level, together with a system of differential equations to divide up the total population based on two parameters – a vegetative factor and a residential attractive factor. The article first presents the integrated model of the demographic component-dynamic system. Secondly, it discusses the importance and use of expert qualitative data on future scenarios in order to project activities. It also presents an application at the district level for the city of Sao Paulo, comparing results with estimates computed by other techniques.