Pavel Anzenbacher

Functionalized calix[4]pyrroles

The synthesis and properties of a number of functionalized calix(4)pyrroles are described. To date, two generalized preparative approaches have been pursued. The first involves modifying the basic pyrrole-plus-ketone synthesis of calix(4)pyrrole by using modified precursors or by co-condensing more than one ketone with pyrrole. The second approach relies on the reaction of a pre-formed calix(4)pyrrole with an electrophile. In both cases, the resulting species can be subject to further manipulation. In this way a range of structures, including ones bearing ancillary recognition subunits, electro- or photochemical reporter groups, and/or water solubilizing substituents may be obtained. Solid supports bearing calix(4)pyrroles may also be produced in this way.

Oligopyrrole-based solid state self-assemblies

The ability of pyrrole-containing species to form higher order self-assembled ensembles and aggregates in the solid state is reviewed. The different binding modes pyrrole adopts in stabilizing these systems are analyzed as are the various underlying hydrogen bonding interactions upon which they are predicated.