Paweł Jagielski

Study of ABCB1 polymorphism frequency in breast cancer patients from Poland

BACKGROUND The accumulation of mutagenic substances in the human body may result in DNA metabolism disruption followed by carcinogenesis. As a consequence of mutations in the genes coding for transmembrane protein pumps, the intracellular concentration of xenobiotics may significantly increase. This, in turn, may provoke altered risk for cancer development. The gene known to be the most relevant in the transport of numerous compounds is ABCB1 (also known as MDR1). Numerous mutations and polymorphisms that affect the encoded proteins (PgP) function were identified in this gene. The aim of the study was to define the frequency of 2677G>A,T and 3435C>T polymorphisms in a population of Polish breast cancer patients and to estimate their contribution to cancer development. METHODS The polymorphism frequency analysis (209 patients vs. 202 control subjects) was performed either by allele-specific amplification (2677G>A,T) or by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using the SAU3AI restriction enzyme (3435C>T) followed by verification with hybridization probe assays in a Real-Time system and sequencing. RESULTS In the control group the frequency of individual 2677 genotypes was: wild homozygous GG = 34%, heterozygous G/T or G/A = 52.5% and variant homozygous AA or TT = 13.5%, while the genotype frequency in the group of studied patients was 43.5, 44.5 and 12%, respectively. In the control group, the frequency of individual 3435 genotypes was: CC = 25.4%, CT = 50.2%, TT = 24.4%, while the genotype frequency in the group of studied patients was 23, 46 and 31%, respectively. CONCLUSION Thus, no significant differences in the studied polymorphism frequencies were observed. It is then suggested that the studied polymorphisms, although probably good candidates in other tissue cancer types, might not be good predictive factors in breast cancer risk or development in Caucasians.

Usefulness of a new anthropometric indicator – VAI (Visceral Adiposity Index) in the evaluation of metabolic and hormonal disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

BACKGROUND Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a new anthropometric indicator that makes it possible to define the risk of obesity-related cardiometabolic complications even before the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVES Evaluating the usefulness of VAI in order to differentiate metabolically unhealthy women (MU-PCOS) and defining the usefulness of this index in everyday practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study was conducted among 43 women who met the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovarian syndrome. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA v. 10 and relevant statistical tests. The adopted significance level was p = 0.05. RESULTS Based on the study results, a significant positive correlation was found between the value of VAI and the concentration of insulin (r = 0.33; p < 0.01), HOMA index (r = 0.46; p < 0.01) and FAI (r = 0.54; p < 0.01). It was also shown that there is a significant negative correlation between VAI and the concentration of SHBG (r = -0.53; p < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol (r = -0.88; p < 0.01). In the group of metabolically unhealthy women, the research showed a significantly higher value of free testosterone, SHGB, DHEAS and FAI (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Visceral adiposity index makes it possible to introduce early prevention of metabolic disorders (including cardiometabolic disorders), as well as to evaluate the increase of hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The use of the cut-off point of VAI = 1.675 is a simple way to evaluate women with MU-PCOS.

Evaluation of Caffeine Consumption among Pregnant Women from Southern Poland

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant worldwide, including by pregnant women. Products containing caffeine should be limited in accordance with the recommendations for pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate consumption of caffeinated products and daily caffeine intake from food by pregnant women. The study was conducted on a group of healthy pregnant women: attendees of antenatal classes (n = 70) and patients of an outpatient gynecological clinic (n = 70) from Krakow (Southern Poland). A questionnaire about the frequency of consumption of selected foods and drinks containing caffeine was used. The average caffeine content in food products obtained from other Polish studies was used to estimate average daily caffeine intake in our study group. Mean daily caffeine intake was 49.60 ± 59.15 mg/day and the maximum was 498.0 mg/day. The main sources of caffeine were as follows: black tea (bags, leaf), instant coffee and ground coffee. No statistically significant differences in caffeine intake between the groups were found. A weak negative correlation (rs) = −0.28 (p = 0.0208) between month of pregnancy and caffeine intake was observed among attendees of antenatal classes. Mean daily caffeine intake did not exceed the maximum recommended dose in our study group.

Zależność pomiędzy matczynym wskaźnikiem masy ciała a parametrami antropometrycznymi noworodka

Introduction. Excessive or inefficient body weight in pregnant women is a serious obstetric problem, associated with an increased risk of complications for the mother and child. Excessive birth weight of an infant carries the risk of emergency obstetric conditions, in turn, low birth weight of an infant may pose a risk of developmental disorders. Objectives. To evaluate the impact of nutritional condition of mothers on anthropometric parameters value of newborns. Material and methods. The study included 247 women and their newborns. The diagnostic survey method was applied. An original questionnaire was used and anthropometric measurements of women and newborns were taken. Results and Conclusions. Statistically significant differences were found in birth weight of newborns depending on the nutritional condition of women prior to pregnancy. The children of mothers with insufficient bodyweight had a significantly lower birth weight (p = 0.0079) than the children of mothers with normal weight, excessive weight and obesity. It was also demonstrated that the children of mothers with insufficient body weight had significantly lower (p < 0.0001) head circumference than the children of mothers with normal weight, excessive weight and obesity. The research revealed a correlation between maternal body mass index and neonatal anthropometric parameters. Mothers with insufficient weight gave birth to children with a significantly lower birth weight than the children of mothers with normal weight, excessive weight and obesity. Mothers with excessive weight and obesity gave birth to infants with significantly higher birth weight than mothers with normal or insufficient weight before pregnancy. Nursing Topics 2015; 23 (4): 490–495

Jakość życia kobiet w przebiegu ciąży, połogu i laktacji w zależności od stanu odżywienia przed ciążą

Introduction. An increase in the number of women with eating disorders such as excessive weight, obesity, or malnutrition has been observed. Pregnancy and childbirth affect the subjective perception of women’s quality of life. Aim of study. Assessment of womens’s quality of life in pregnancy, puerperium and lactation period, depending on the nutritional condition prior to pregnancy. Material and methods. The research included 247 women. The survey was conducted three times: postnatally, six weeks and six months after childbirth. The diagnostic survey method was used, the tools being a standardized questionnaire SF-36v1 (Quality of Life SF-36v1), an original questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of body weight and height, serving to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Results and conclusions. The study revealed better quality of life in women six weeks and six months after childbirth, compared to the postnatal period. Statistically significant differences were shown in the following scales: Physical functioning (PF) (p < 0.0001), Role limitations due to physical health problems (RP) (p < 0.0001), Body pain (BP) (p < 0.0001), General health perception (GH) (p < 0.0001), Vitality, energy or fatigue (VT) (p = 0.0002) Social functioning (SF) (p < 0.0001), Role limitations due to emotional problems (RE) (p < 0.0001), and in Physical Component Sumary (PCS domain) (p < 0.0001). In the studied group the quality of life was improved in subsequent periods of the surveys. It has been shown that the women with inefficient weight before pregnancy had a significantly higher quality of life indicators compared to women with normal weight, excessive weight and obesity. Nursing Topics 2015; 23 (4): 484–489

Interaction of selected drugs with food in the group of patients over 60 years of age

Wstęp. na skutek interakcji leków z żywnością może dojść do zmniejszenia efektywności stosowanej terapii leczniczej. Cel pracy. ocena możliwości interakcji między przyjmowanymi przez pacjentów powyżej 60. roku życia lekami z żywnością. Materiał i metody. w badaniu wzięło udział 90 pacjentów w wieku powyżej 60. roku życia, którzy leczyli się w poradniach kardiologicznych i/lub diabetologicznych w krakowie. Badanie przeprowadzono na przełomie 2013/2014 r. Pacjenci udzielali odpowiedzi wypełniając ankietę internetową lub podczas wywiadu standaryzowanego. analizy wykonano przy użyciu pakietu statystycznego statistica v.10. różnicę w rozkładach między badanymi grupami weryfikowano przy użyciu testu U Manna-whitneya. za istotne przyjęto prawdopodobieństwo błędu na poziomie α = 0,05. Wyniki. Przebadano 27 mężczyzn (30%) i 63 kobiety (70%). stwierdzono możliwość wystąpienia interakcji leków z żywnością w formie: wzrostu toksyczności leku (15 leków) oraz zniesienia efektu terapeutycznego (8 leków). Pacjenci ze względu na wiek (60–74 lata i 75 i więcej) nie różnili się pod względem liczby przyjmowanych preparatów (p = 0,5783) oraz otrzymywanych informacji na temat interakcji leków z żywnością (p = 0,9047). również grupy osób przyjmujących jeden i więcej niż jeden preparat nie różniły się (p = 0,6995) pod względem doinformowania. składnikami żywności, które w badanej grupie najczęściej mogły wpłynąć na efekt terapeutyczny, były posiłki wysokotłuszczowe i sok grejpfrutowy. tylko 5 (5,56%) badanych zadeklarowało, iż zostało poinformowanych o możliwości interakcji leków z pożywieniem. Wnioski. wyróżniono dwa rodzaje interakcji leków z żywnością. wiek oraz liczba przyjmowanych leków nie wpływała na częstość informacji o możliwych interakcjach leków z pożywieniem. sam wiek nie wpływał na liczbę przyjmowanych leków. Słowa kluczowe: leki, osoby starsze, interakcje, pożywienie.

Sposób żywienia a ryzyko niedożywienia wśród słuchaczy Uniwersytetu Trzeciego Wieku z Krakowa i powiatu wielickiego

The problem of malnutrition prevalence is rarely evaluated among older people living in the home environment. The aim of the study is to assess eating habits and prevalence of malnutrition in a group of students of Universities of the Third Age (UTA) from Krakow and the poviat of Wieliczka. The study conducted in 2013 consisted of 77 people, whose average age was 67.16 ± 5.44 years, including 67 women and 10 men. The study involved 28 people from UTA in Krakow, and 49 of the selected UTA in the poviat of Wieliczka. The risk assessment used a standardized mini nutritional assessment (MNA) scale, while the assessment of eating behaviour used a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). According to the MNA no one was diagnosed with malnutrition, while 10 respondents were at risk of malnutrition. These individuals had lower self-esteem of nutritional status and health, and, compared with the recommendations, consumed small amount of liquids during the day, which was associated with occurrence of mental stress or illness over the past three months. According to the FFQ assessment, the majority of respondents implement proper eating habits. However, mistakes are made in respect of the low frequency of consumption of fish and milk and their products.