Pemra C. Ünalan

Sudden infant death syndrome: How much mothers and health professionals know

Background:  Behavioral risk factors are associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Education about the risk factors of SIDS is important for prevention. Our aim was to determine the knowledge and attitude of parents and health professionals about SIDS.

Correlation of basic motor skills with arthroscopic experience

OBJECTIVES One of the methods in motor skill teaching is to furnish the students with the individual skills drawn from the target procedure. This method requires identification and defining of all components of the target procedure. This study aimed to define basic motor skills composing arthroscopic skillfulness. METHODS A total of 42 orthopedists (mean age 38+/-8 years) were enrolled. The study group was comprised of 17 experienced orthopedists working at least for 10 years as a specialist and performing more than 50 arthroscopic procedures per year. The control group included 25 young orthopedists or residents having an arthroscopic experience of less than three years. All the participants were assessed simultaneously and in the same experimental setting. Each participant was tested after having been shown to use in vitro skill development instruments simulating arthroscopic basic motor skills. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the experienced group had significantly higher mean age (42 vs. 34.4 years), longer duration of arthroscopic experience (12.4 vs. 1.6 years), and greater number of the arthroscopies performed per year (93.9 vs. 26.9) (p=0.000). The mean anticipation time (p=0.028) and two-arm coordination time (p=0.043) were significantly shorter in the experienced group. In correlation analysis, duration of arthroscopic experience was correlated with the mean anticipation time (r=-0.41, p=0.008) and two-arm coordination time (r=-0.33, p=0.033). In addition, the mean anticipation time decreased significantly as the number of arthroscopies increased (r=-0.446, p=0.003). CONCLUSION Some basic motor skills correlate with arthroscopic competence. The use of these motor skill instruments in arthroscopy training may aid to improve arthroscopic skills.

The risk of tuberculosis in patients with psoriasis treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents.

Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) antagonist treatment is associated with 1.6 to 27 times higher risk of tuberculosis (TB).

Cross-cultural validation of the Turkish Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) using differential item and test functioning (DIF and DTF) analysis

BackgroundThe Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is originally a Dutch 50 item questionnaire developed in primary care to assess distress, depression, anxiety and somatization. We aimed to develop and validate a Turkish translation of the 4DSQ.MethodsThe questionnaire was translated using forward and backward translation, and pilot testing. Turkish 4DSQ-data were collected in 352 consecutive adult primary care patients. For comparison, gender and age matched Dutch reference data were drawn from a larger existing dataset. We used differential item and test functioning (DIF and DTF) analysis to validate the Turkish translation to the original Dutch questionnaire. Through additional inquiry we tried to obtain more insight in the background of DIF in some items.ResultsTwenty-one items displayed DIF but this impacted only the distress and depression scores. Inquiry among Turkish people revealed that the reason for DTF in the distress scale was probably related to unfavourable socio-economic circumstances. On the other hand, the likely explanation for DTF in the depression scale appeared to be grounded in culturally and religiously determined optimistic beliefs. Raising the distress cut-offs by 2 points and lowering the depression cut-offs by 1 point ensures that individual Turkish 4DSQ scores be correctly interpreted.ConclusionsThe Turkish translation of the 4DSQ (named: “Dört-Boyutlu Yakınma Listesi”, 4BYL) measures the same constructs as the original Dutch questionnaire. Turkish anxiety and somatization scores can be interpreted in the same way as Dutch scores. However, when interpreting Turkish distress and depression scores, DTF should be taken into account.

Family physicians’ views on their role in the management of childhood obesity: a mixed methods study from Turkey

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity (CO) is a high priority issue due to its serious health consequences and its rapid increase. Objectives: To examine the views of primary care physicians (family physicians, FPs) in Turkey regarding their role in the management of CO and the barriers they perceive. Methods: Mixed methods approach. Data was collected in two major counties of Istanbul between February and May 2014. All Family Health Centres (FHCs) in the region were visited, and 180/284 FPs (63.4%) agreed to complete a structured questionnaire (22 questions). Of those, 48 FPs agreed to participate in in-depth interviews that were taken until saturation was 25. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. For qualitative data, content analysis was applied to identify the themes. Results: Most of the FPs (93.3%) agreed that they have a role in managing CO. Almost all FPs (98.3%) agreed that for the 0–4-year-olds height and weight measures should be taken. However, only 67.6% recommended this for children aged 5–15 years. The most common barriers in the management of CO were reported as lack of time (68.9%) and FHCs not being utilized for the care of children aged 5–15 years old (53.3%) in Turkey. In-depth interviews showed that FPs tend to limit their role to identifying the problem and making the family aware of it. Conclusion: Although FPs recognize primary healthcare as an appropriate setting for managing CO, they have concerns about being involved in the treatment.

Pozitif psikolojinin Aile HekimliÄi pratiÄindeki yeri

İletişim adresi: Pemra Cöbek Ünalan, MD, MSc. punalan@marmara.edu.tr Geliş tarihi: 15.01.2017 Kabul tarihi: 25.06.2017 Çevrimiçi yayın tarihi: 15.09.2017 Bu derlemede pozitif psikolojinin amacı ve genel ilkeleri ile bunun bir sonucu olan iyilik hali (refah) açıklanmaktadır. Pozitif psikolojinin aile hekimliği pratiği içindeki yeri ve önemi ile bu amaçla kullanılabilecek yöntemlerin entegrasyonu özetlenmektedir.

Bebek dostu bir ana çocuk sağlığı merkezinden hizmet alan anneler neden bebeklerine erken ek gıda vermeye başlıyor? Orijinal Araştırma

Amac: Dunya Saglik Orgutu bebeklerin yasamin ilk alti ayi boyunca sadece anne sutu alarak beslenmesini kuvvetle onermektedir Bu calisma bebek dostu bir kurulustan hizmet alan annelerin ek gidaya baslama zamanlari ve nedenlerini arastirmayi amaclamaktadir Gerec ve Yontem: Bu tanimlayici calisma icin secilen bebek dostu ana cocuk sagligi aile planlamasi ACSAP merkezine alti hafta boyunca muayene veya asi amaciyla gelen 0 12 ay arasi bebegi bulunan toplam 358 anne calismaya alindi Anne ve bebeklerle ilgili olarak acik ve kapali uclu sorular iceren yapilandirilmis bir soru formu kullanildi Alti aydan buyuk bebeklerde biberon ve emzik kullanimi ile ilgili sorular ilk alti aya yonelik sorgulandi Veriler ayni arastirmaci tarafindan yapilan yuz yuze gorusmelerle toplandi Cozumlemeler icin ki kare student’s t ve Mann Whitney U testleri kullanildi Bulgular: Dogumu takiben annelerin 98 9’u anne sutu verirken 44 6’si altinci aydan once ek gidaya baslamisti 0 3 ay arasi ek gidalara baslama sikligi en yuksek olan zaman dilimiydi Alti aydan once ek gidalara baslanmasi bebegin zamanindan once dogmus olmasi alti aydan once emzik ve biberon kullanmasi bebege dogum sonrasi hastanede mama verilmesi ile iliskili idi Cikarimlar: Annelerin emzirme sikligi oldukca yuksek olmasi yaninda ek gidaya erken donemde baslanmaktadir Saglam cocuk izlemlerinde anneler ek gidalara baslama zamani hakkinda erken donemde bilgilendirilmeli ozellikle erken dogmus bebeklerin anneleri dogru beslenme konusunda desteklenmeli ve annelere emzik ve biberon kullanmamalari tavsiye edilmelidir Turk Ped Ars 2008; 43: 59 64 Anahtar kelimeler: Bebek dostu ek gida emzirme