Pengfei Shen

The results of transperineal versus transrectal prostate biopsy： a systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of transperineal (TP) vs. transrectal (TR) prostate biopsy. A systematic research of PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify all clinical controlled trials on prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate and complications achieved by TP and TR biopsies. Prostate biopsies included sextant, extensive and saturation biopsy procedures. All patients were assigned to a TR group and a TP group. Subgroup analysis was performed according to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and digital rectal examination (DRE) findings. The Cochrane Collaborations RevMan 5.1 software was used for the meta-analysis. A total of seven trials, including three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and four case-control studies (CCS), met our inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in the cancer detection rate between the sextant TR and TP groups (risk difference (RD), -0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08-0.03; P=0.34). Meta-analysis for RCTs combined with CCS showed that there was no difference in the cancer detection rate between the extensive TR and TP group (RD, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.05-0.04; P=0.81). There was no significant difference in PCa detection rate between the saturation TR and TP approaches (31.4% vs. 25.7%, respectively; P=0.3). There were also no significant differences in cancer detection between the TR and TP groups in each subgroup. Although the data on complications were not pooled for the meta-analysis, no significant difference was found when comparing TR and TP studies. TR and TP biopsies were equivalent in terms of efficiency and related complications. TP prostate biopsy should be an available and alternative procedure for use by urologists.

MicroRNA-494-3p targets CXCR4 to suppress the proliferation, invasion, and migration of prostate cancer.

Although SDF‐1/CXCR4 pathway is a potential mechanism of tumor proliferation and progression, the mechanism of controlling CXCR4 expression is not fully understood. This study was to confirm that miR‐494‐3p might be a potentially post‐transcriptional regulator of CXCR4 and over‐expression of miR‐494 might suppress prostate cancer progression and metastasis.

Effects of fluorescent light-guided transurethral resection on non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study Type – Diagnostic (systematic review)

Is there any prognostic impact of intraductal carcinoma of prostate in initial diagnosed aggressively metastatic prostate cancer

Intraductal carcinoma of prostate (IDC‐P) was usually found to be co‐exist with conventional aggressive prostate adenocarcinoma. The presence of IDC‐P was considered as an adverse pathological factor, which was associated with high Gleason score, large prostate volume and accelerated disease progression. However, no any information is available on the presence of IDC‐P diagnosed by needle biopsy in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. We investigated the incidence and prognostic value of intraductal carcinoma of prostate (IDC‐P) in initial diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer.

The presence and clinical implication of intraductal carcinoma of prostate in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

Intraductal carcinoma of prostate (IDC‐P) is always underestimated pathological pattern in prostate cancer and its role is still unclear in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study was conducted to investigate the presence and the roles of IDC‐P in patients with metastatic CRPC.

Different lasers in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network meta-analysis.

All available surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have their individual advantages or disadvantages. However, the lack of head-to-head studies comparing different surgeries makes it unavailable to conduct direct analysis. To compare the efficacy and safety among different lasers and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for BPH, randomized controlled trials were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, WHO International Clinical Trial Registration Platform, and Clinical Trial.gov by 2015.5; and the effectiveness-, perioperation- and complication-related outcomes were assessed by network meta-analysis. 36 studies involving 3831 patients were included. Holmium laser through resection and enucleation had the best efficacy in maximum flow rate. Thulium laser through vapo-resection was superior in improving international prostate symptom score and holmium laser through enucleation was the best for post-voiding residual volume improvement. Diode laser through vaporization was the rapidest in removing postoperative indwelling catheter, while TURP was the longest. TURP required the longest hospitalization and thulium laser through vapo-resection was relatively shorter. Holmium and thulium lasers seem to be relatively better in surgical efficacy and safety, so that these two lasers might be preferred in selection of optimal laser surgery. Actually, more large-scale and high quality head-to-head RCTs are suggested to validate the conclusions.

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates epithelial membrane protein 2 expression to repress nasopharyngeal carcinoma migration and irradiation-resistance through miR-101-3p as a competing endogenous RNA mechanism

The altered expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is often related to carcinogenesis, metastasis and resistance to radiation or chemotherapy. In the current study, cDNA microarray analysis found that NEAT1 expression was reduced in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and that it regulated NPC progression. However, the detailed mechanisms of NEAT1 in NPC were unclear. NEAT1 repressed NPC cell growth, invasion and radiation resistance in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. In addition, the results of an approach integrating bioinformatics, luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation indicated that NEAT1 antagonized miR-101-3p through a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism and that the interaction between NEAT1 and EMP2 was miR-101-3p dependent. Our results showed a novel connection of NEAT1, miR-101-3p and EMP2 in NPC migration and radiation resistance.

The expression profile and prognostic value of SPINK1 in initially diagnosed bone metastatic prostate cancer

SPINK1 has been described to be mutually exclusively expressed in prostate cancer (PCa), but its expression profiles and the probable roles in bone metastatic PCa have not been thoroughly explored.

Transcriptional regulation of BNIP3 by Sp3 in prostate cancer

The transcription factors Sp3/Sp1 are expressed in a various types of cancers and BNIP3 is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Although it has been demonstrated that BNIP3 is transcriptionally regulated by HIF‐1α and is post‐transcriptionally regulated by miR145, our previous data indicated that there might be some other transcription factors regulating BNIP3 in prostate cancer. This study is conducted to investigate whether BNIP3 expression is directly regulated by Sp3/Sp1 or not.

The impact of multifocal perineural invasion on biochemical recurrence and timing of adjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy in high-risk prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy

Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) is a distinct pathologic entity and a recognized source of tumor spread. However, the role of PNI in high‐risk prostate cancer (PCa) has not been explored. The aims of the study were to investigate the impact of PNI on biochemical recurrence (BCR) and optimal timing of adjuvant androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) after radical prostatectomy (RP).