Perrin H. Long

Acidosis Associated with the Administration of Para-amino-benzene-sulfonamide (Prontylin)

Summary Two cases of clinical acidosis due to the administration of Prontylin (Para-amino-benzene-sulfonamide) in large doses are reported. Fifteen consecutive cases treated with this drug showed a consistent though variable drop in the CO2 combining power of their blood plasma.

Bacteriostatic Effects of Sulfathiazole upon Various Micro-Or-ganisms. Its Therapeutic Effects in Experimental Pneumococcal Infections.

Conclusions Sulfathiazole is as effective a bacteriostatic agent as is sulfapyridine in broth cultures of certain strains of Lancefields Groups A, D, and G beta hemolytic streptococci, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Types I and II pneumococci and B. proteus. Under the conditions of our tests sulfathiazole was slighly less effective than sulfapyridine in the control of experimental pneumococcal infections in mice. However, as has been pointed out, the more rapid absorption and excretion of sulfathiazole by the mouse, partially invalidate the results of comparative therapeutic tests in which the drug is administered per os in acacia suspensions at stated intervals. We wish to thank E. R. Squibb and Son and the Calco Division of the American Cyanamid Company for supplying us with sulfathiazole.

Observations upon the Absorption and Excretion of Sulfapyridine∗ (2 Sulfanilyl Aminopyridine):

Conclusions Sulfapyridine (2-sulfaiiilyl aminopyridine) is less readily and more irregularly absorbed bly human beings than is sulfanilamide. Our experience leads us to believe that from a half to two-thirds of the ingested drug is excreted in the urine. Sulfapyridine is found in purulent pleural exudates and spinal fluids in concentrations of a half to two-thirds of those observed in the blood. In the blood of human beings a considerable fraction of the drug is frequently found in the conjugated form. Because of the irregular absorption of the drug and its tendency towards conjugation, accurate therapy with sulfapyridine is more difficult than with sulfanilamide.

HERPETIC PHARYNGITIS AND STOMATITIS. A REPORT OF THREE CASES

In recent years great interest has been manifested in the virus of herpes simplex. It has been stimulated by an increasing curiosity regarding filterable viruses in general, and by the possibility that herpes virus may have a causal relationship to epidemic encephalitis. However , despite the enthusiasm for the study of the properties of this filter-able agent, little attention has been paid to the natural manifestations of the disease herpes simplex. This may be due to the ubiquity of herpes simplex or it may be possible that the essential herpetic character of many affections is not recognized. The recognition of herpes as a clinical entity is probably of great antiquity, the word itself being derived from the Greek gp7r?7s meaning literally a creeping. Aretaeus the Cappadocian, in discussing affections of the tonsils, describes small superficial ulcers to which he gave the name aptha. It is not unlikely that these lesions were herpetic in nature. In 1398, John Trevisia in his fragmentary translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus manuscript, On the Property of Things, makes mention of this euyll is callyd Herpes and suche a scabbe highte Herpes Cingula. This constitutes the first reference to herpes in the English language, and it is plain from this citation that herpes was recognized in the Middle Ages. During the succeeding centuries one finds a constant increase in the number of references to herpetic infections, thereby demonstrating the interest attached to the disease. However, it was not until the beginning of the nineteenth century that a clear differentiation was established between the clinical course of herpes simplex and herpes zoster. Following this distinction one finds an increased interest taken by clinicians in the delineation of the various simple herpetic affections. The general manifestations of the disease, as well as the local, occupied their attention and in the middle of the century, several splendid clinical reports describing the disease are to be found. Gubler (1) in 1858 gives an admirable account of herpetic infections of the throat which we will quote. A la suite dun refroidissement, un sujet est pris de malaise, de courbature, puis dune fi6vre quelquefois 1119

Surgical Principles Involved in the Clinical Use of Streptokinase and Streptodornase

Streptokinase and streptodornase, as adjuncts to surgical intervention, offer the surgeon a new biologic approach to the treatment of certain infections. The compounds are tools for the removal of fibrin and purulent exudates which enhance chemotherapeutic action and the healing of wounds.

Comparative Therapeutic Effects of Sulfapyridine in Experimental Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Mice.

It has been shown that sulfanilamide has a slight therapeutic effect in the treatment of experimental staphylococcal infections in mice. 1 , 2 , 3 However, its efficacy has not been great and the drug has been of little value in the treatment of staphylococcal infections in man, in which the tissues or blood stream have been seriously invaded by these organisms. Recently Whitby 4 without giving details of his experiments has shown that sulfapyridine has a definite chemotherapeutic effect in experimental staphylococcal infections in mice. We have been testing the comparative therapeutic effects of sulfapyridine and sulfanilamide in experimental staphylococcus aureus infections produced in mice by the intravenous injections of varying numbers of organisms. The technic of producing such infections and the time and method of treatment have been described previously by us. 3 It is to be noted that in each experiment, the untreated control mice were dead by the sixth day, and at the end of the first week of treatment 73.5% of those mice treated with sulfapyridine were still alive while only 34% of the mice treated with sulfanilamide were surviving. At the end of the second week (4 days after the termination of therapy) 32.6% of the mice treated with sulfapyridine were alive while only 8% of those treated with sulfanilamide were living. The surviving mice are being held for an indefinite period, to determine their eventual fate. It seems from these results, that the chemotherapeutic effect of sulfapyridine in staphylococcal infections in mice is definite enough to warrant careful clinical trials of the drug in severe staphylococcal infections. We are conducting such trials and to date we have noted dramatic clinical results in 2 patients suffering from severe staphylococcal sepsis.