Peter Aeberhard
University of Bern
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Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | 1981
Peter Aeberhard; M. Flückiger; J. Berger; A. Novak
SummaryA prospective randomized trial was designed to establish whether parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis was as effective as oral antimicrobial bowel preparation in preventing sepsis after colorectal surgery. Patients scheduled for elective resection of colorectal cancer received metronidazole and kanamycin either orally in the preoperative phase or parenterally as a short-term perioperative prophylaxis. The former regimen resulted in reduction of the microbial concentrations in the bowel contents in the absence of therapeutic serum concentrations at the time of operation, whereas the latter achieved therapeutic intraoperative serum levels without altering the colonic microflora. 72 patients were studied. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative sepsis between the two groups (a total of 72 patients). These results differ from those obtained at the Birmingham General Hospital using the same protocol, in which postoperative sepsis was significantly more common in the group of patients having oral bowel preparation. This difference was most probably due to an overgrowth of kanamycin-resistant coliforms during the period of oral antibiotic preparation. The presence of resistant organisms did not, however, result in failure of systemic prophylaxis. The authors conclude that short-term parenteral application is the safer method of antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery and is to be preferred to oral antimicrobial bowel preparation.ZusammenfassungIn einer prospektiven randomisierten Studie wurden zwei Methoden der Antibioticaprophylaxe in der colorectalen Chirurgie miteinander verglichen. 72 Patienten, bei denen eine elektive Operation wegen eines Colonoder Rectumcarcinoms durchgeführt wurde, erhielten Kanamycin and Metronidazol entweder oral, im Rahmen der präoperativen Darmvorbereitung, oder i. v., im Sinne einer kurzfristigen perioperativen Abschirmung. Bei der ersten Gruppe wurde eine Reduktion der aeroben und anaeroben Keimzahl im Darmlumen ohne therapeutische Serumkonzentrationen der verwendeten Medikamente erreicht, während bei der zweiten Gruppe wirksame interoperative Serumkonzentrationen ohne Veränderung der Keimzahlen im Darmlumen bestanden. Es ergab sich zwischen den beiden Gruppen keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Häufigkeit der postoperativen Infekte. Diese Resultate stehen im Gegensatz zu denjenigen, die eine Arbeitsgruppe am Birmingham-General Hospital mit dem gleichen Studienprotokoll verzeichnete. In Birmingham waren postoperative Infektionen in der oral vorbereiteten Gruppe signifikant häufiger. Dieser Unterschied ist mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit durch das Überwuchern Kanamycin-resistenter Bakterienstämme während der präoperativen oralen antibiotischen Vorbereitung bedingt. Das Vorhandensein resistenter Colistämme schien aber die Wirksamkeit der intravenösen Abschirmung nicht wesentlich zu beeinträchtigen. Die Autoren schließen daraus, daß die parenterale, kurzfristige Abschirmung der oralen Darmvorbereitung mit Antibiotica vorzuziehen ist.A prospective randomized trial was designed to establish whether parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis was as effective as oral antimicrobial bowel preparation in preventing sepsis after colorectal surgery. Patients scheduled for elective resection of colorectal cancer received metronidazole and kanamycin either orally in the preoperative phase or parenterally as a short-term perioperative prophylaxis. The former regimen resulted in reduction of the microbial concentrations in the bowel contents in the absence of therapeutic serum concentrations at the time of operation, whereas the latter achieved therapeutic intraoperative serum levels without altering the colonic microflora. 72 patients were studied. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative sepsis between the two groups (a total of 72 patients). These results differ from those obtained at the Birmingham General Hospital using the same protocol, in which postoperative sepsis was significantly more common in the group of patients having oral bowel preparation. This difference was most probably due to an overgrowth of kanamycin-resistant coliforms during the period of oral antibiotic preparation. The presence of resistant organisms did not, however, result in failure of systemic prophylaxis. The authors conclude that short-term parenteral application is the safer method of antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery and is to be preferred to oral antimicrobial bowel preparation.
Coloproctology | 1999
Fabrizio Fasolini; Markus Notter; Martin Wernli; Bernhard Stamm; Peter Aeberhard; Rolf Schlumpf
ZusammenfassungMit einer exakt ausgeführten totalen mesorektalen Exzision (TME) können in der Behandlung des Rektumkarzinoms allein durch die chirurgische Technik sehr gute Resultate errecht werden, wie aus der neueren Literatur hervorgeht. Dennoch bleiben der alleinigen Chirurgie anatomische und tumorbiologische Grenzen gesetzt, welche der Einsatz adjuventer Maßnahmen rechtfertigen. In unseren Händen hath sich die präoperative hyperfraktionierte akzelerierte Radiotherapie mit 41,6 Gy, TME und postoperative Chemotherapie mit 5-FU als Therapieschema zur lokoregionären Beherrschung der Erkrankung bewährt, zumal in einer durchschnittlichen Nachbeobachtungszeit von zweieinhalb Jahren einzig bei einem von 50 Patienten ein Kokalrezidiv aufgetreten ist, was einer Lokalrezidivrate von 2% entspricht. Problematisch bleibt aber weiterhin die Fernmetastasierung, in unseren Fällen bei 12% der initial RO-resezierten Patienten und ausschließlich in Form von Lebermetastasen, welche Ziel weiterer Studien zur systemischen Behandlung des Leidens sein sollte.AbstractExactly accomplished total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer treatment has achieved very good results by surgery alone, as recently referred in the literature. However, there are anatomical and biological limits in only surgical treatment, advocating the usefulness of additional adjuvant procedures. In our experience, preoperative hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy with 41.6 Gy, TME and postoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU proved a success in locoregional control of the disease, leading to a local recurrence rate of 2% of 50 patients in a mean follow-up of 2.5 years after treatment. Despite of it, in our series distant metastases occurred only in the liver in 12% of patients resected for cure, and continues to be a problem which raises the need for other studies about systemical treatment of the disease.
Cancer Research | 1998
Walter Seelentag; Wei-Ping Li; Shu-Fang Hsu Schmitz; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; Philipp U. Heitz; Jürgen Roth
European Journal of Surgery | 1997
Urban Laffer; Harder F; Peter Jäggi; Rudolf Maibach; Shu Fang Hsu Schmitz; Urs Metzger; M. Castiglione; Peter Aeberhard; Rudolf Egeli; Sergio Arma; Jean Pierre Barras; Veronique Dupont Lampert; Sebastiane Martinoli; Walter Müller; Rudolf Schröder; Rudolf Von Huben; Walter P. Weber; Aron Goldhirsch; Rudolph Maibach; Friedrich Gloor; Bernhard Stamm; Ursula Waltzer
Coloproctology | 1999
Fabrizio Fasolini; Markus Notter; Martin Wernli; Bernhard Stamm; Peter Aeberhard; Rolf Schlumpf
The Lancet | 1995
HughE. Mulcahy; M. J. G. Farthing; Aron Goldhirsch; UrbanTh Laffer; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; Ruedi Maibach; M. Castiglione
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | 1987
Urban Laffer; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; R. Egeli; S. Martinoli; W. Müller; F. Cavalli; M. Dürig; Harder F
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | 1987
Urban Laffer; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; Rudolf Egeli; Sara Martinoli; Moonhor Ree; Franco Cavalli; M. D rig; Harder F
Archive | 1998
Walter Seelentag; Wei-Ping Li; Shu-Fang Hsu Schmilz; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; Philipp U. Heitz
The Lancet | 1995
HughE. Mulcahy; M. J. G. Farthing; Aron Goldhirsch; U. T. Leaffer; Urs Metzger; Peter Aeberhard; R. Maibach; M. Castiglione