Peter Gaertner

Ionic liquids and fragrances – direct isolation of orange essential oil

We present the dissolution of fresh fragrance biomass in ionic liquids for the isolation of essential oils and compare direct distillation with solvent extraction. Orange essential oil was distilled from orange peels dissolved in ionic liquid media, thus allowing a simple, efficient, and mild isolation of fragrance and flavor components with complete recovery of the ionic liquid.

From plant to drug: ionic liquids for the reactive dissolution of biomass

We present an ionic liquid (IL) strategy for the reactive dissolution of star anise seeds using different Bronsted-acidic ionic liquids as the solvent and reaction media towards the isolation of important pharmaceutical intermediates; this procedure provides a single-step, higher yielding and environmentally benign strategy towards the synthesis of the anti-influenza drug Tamiflu™.

New aspects for biomass processing with ionic liquids: towards the isolation of pharmaceutically active betulin

By utilising ionic liquids the pharmaceutically active triterpene betulin can be extracted from biomass with significantly improved extraction yield and purity. The recovery of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate via azeotropic distillation of EtOH/H2O was successfully demonstrated.

Surface-active Ionic Liquids for Micellar Extraction of Piperine from Black Pepper

We present the application of ionic liquid-aqueous micellar solutions as isolation media for the pharmaceutically active ingredient piperine from black pepper. Several surface-active ionic liquids including a biodegradable betaine derivative were used for the extraction of piperine, and a strong correlation between extraction yield and the critical micelle concentration of the respective ionic liquid was found. A scaled strategy for the isolation of piperine was developed that allowed recovery and recycling of the aqueous ionic liquid micellar solution for five runs without any loss in extraction efficiency. Graphical Abstract Surface-active Ionic Liquids for Micellar Extraction of Piperine from Black Pepper

Exploring ionic liquid–biomass interactions: towards the improved isolation of shikimic acid from star anise pods

Based on shikimic acid – the starting material for the important anti-influenza drug Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) – we present that the dissolution properties of ionic liquids can lead to better access to the valuable ingredient embedded in the biopolymer. Different imidazolium-based ionic liquids were investigated, and the extraction yield of shikimic acid was correlated with their hydrogen-bonding properties via polarizable MD simulations, indicating that the hydrogen bonding of the IL anion to shikimic acid is responsible for a good extraction performance. A scale-up strategy for the isolation of shikimic acid with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim]OAc) was developed based on ion-exchange resins, thus allowing isolation of shikimic acid in up to 10 wt% yield with complete recovery of the ionic liquid.

Coordinating Chiral Ionic Liquids: Design, Synthesis, and Application in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation under Aqueous Conditions

Hydrophilic coordinating chiral ionic liquids with an amino alcohol substructure were developed and efficiently applied to the asymmetric reduction of ketones. Their careful design and adaptability to the desired reaction conditions allow for these chiral ionic liquids to be used as the sole source of chirality in a ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction of aromatic ketones. When used in this reaction system, these chiral ionic liquids afforded excellent yields and high enantioselectivities.

From waste to value - direct utilization of limonene from orange peel in a biocatalytic cascade reaction towards chiral carvolactone

In this proof of concept study we demonstrate direct utilization of limonene containing waste product orange peel as starting material for a biocatalytic cascade reaction. The product of this cascade is chiral carvolactone, a promising building block for thermoplastic polymers. Four different concepts were applied to augment limonene availability based on either water extraction solely, addition of extraction enhancers or biomass dissolution.

Coordinating chiral ionic liquids

A practical synthesis of novel coordinating chiral ionic liquids with an amino alcohol structural motif was developed starting from commercially available amino alcohols. These basic chiral ionic liquids could be successfully applied as catalysts in the asymmetric alkylation of aldehydes and gave high enantioselectivities of up to 91% ee.

From Solvent to Sustainable Catalysis - Chloroferrate Ionic Liquids in Synthesis

During the past few years, Lewis-acidic ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged from their role as mere reaction media toward a role as novel catalytic systems. Iron-containing chloroferrate ionic liquids in particular offer a novel approach to sustainable and environmen- tally benign catalysis and can be applied in a surprising diversity of transformations. In this review, we present this emerging topic and report the application of chloroferrate ILs as solvents, catalysts or catalytic systems for a variety of chemical processes, with a particular focus on reactions leading to pharmaceutically active compounds or intermediates. th birthday.

Fast and efficient extraction of DNA from meat and meat derived products using aqueous ionic liquid buffer systems

A short, simple and inexpensive process for the extraction of DNA from meat was developed investigating a set of 20 ionic liquids including imidazolium, choline and guanidinium derivatives in combination with aqueous buffer systems. The environmentally benign ionic liquid choline hexanoate–phosphate buffer mixture gave the most promising results and DNA was extracted within 20 minutes from different types of meats, such as beef, chicken, pork and horse in significantly higher yields compared to the pure phosphate buffer. The influence of the ionic liquid on the amplification process during the PCR was further investigated, showing an inhibitory effect with increasing chain length of the ionic liquid and with higher ionic liquid concentrations. Additionally, extracted DNA was stable for 20 days when stored at room temperature in aqueous ionic liquid–buffer mixtures.