Peter Spitzer

Mobile Computing is not Always Advantageous: Lessons Learned from a Real-World Case Study in a Hospital

The use of mobile computing is expanding dramatically in recent years and trends indicate that “the future is mobile”. Nowadays, mobile computing plays an increasingly important role in the biomedical domain, and particularly in hospitals. The benefits of using mobile devices in hospitals are no longer disputed and many applications for medical care are already available. Many studies have proven that mobile technologies can bring various benefits for enhancing information management in the hospital. But is mobility a solution for every problem?

233 Development and implementation of safe schools in austria our road to success

Background We initiated and designed Safe School Communities, developed structures for implementation and evaluation in close cooperation with two different types of schools: Lannach Primary School and Rein Secondary School. Description The first step was to motivate responsible persons of the advantages to becoming a designated Safe School. Together with them the second step was to establish a Steering Committee comprising all stakeholders and relevant representatives for safety in the schools and their community. Results Each Safe School Committee has been developing programs for all ages and genders, with specific safety programs for those most at risk of injury. Lannach Primary School was designated as International Safe School in May 2015. The data and evaluation of the developed and realised programs prove that their initiatives are effective. Rein Secondary School also established a board of pupils – the elected Health and Safety School Representatives (two from each class) – to address the needs of students. During his site visit to the school in May 2015 Max Vosskuhler made the following statement: ‘Rein is easily the best example of what International Safe Schools is trying to do. Their faculty, students and staff showed clear commitment and understanding.’ The application to be designated as the first Safe School at the secondary level in Austria is the next step. Conclusions It is helpful to implicate approved methodologies and follow the International Indicators for Safe Schools. Lannach Primary School as the first International Safe School in Austria has a leading role, which makes it easier to share successful projects and programs with other schools – especially within the Safe Children Community Deutschlandsberg. To develop and realise projects it is adjuvant to have additional financial support. The Austrian Workers Compensation Board and the Styrian Government are relevant partners of Safe Kids Austria assisting these two pilot schools.

443 Expansion from one to three: the Austrian safe children community grows

Background The Safe Children Community Deutschlandsberg was expanded to the Safe Children Community of Southwest Styria which now comprises three districts. Initiation, development and implementation of successful projects and programs have furthered the reduction of child injury rates. Additionally, evaluation of programs, measures, and injury data was carried out to determine whether the efforts achieved the desired results. Methods The steering committees of each district comprising all relevant representatives established working groups for categories such as safety in traffic, at home, in school and preschool, during sports, and during leisure time, as well as injury surveillance. A variety of child-safety activities in different settings were developed, involving as many organisations, institutions, schools and professional groups as possible, as well as local media. Results Data surveillance demonstrated a reduction in child injuries. The relative injury rate of the Safe Children region decreased from 216/1000 in 2012 to 201/1000 in 2014. The pilot district Deutschlandsberg (designated in 2011 as the first Safe Children Community) was able to reduce the child injury rate from 195 in 2012 to 180 in 2014. Conclusions Motivating a community to carry out injury-prevention initiatives is much easier when the focus is on children. It is also very useful to have champions from all public and private sectors and areas on the steering committees and in the working groups. In addition, it is helpful if a structure of participation is supported by the top-down-principle in the public sector. Despite all the internal motivation, a Safe Children Community has to be driven by external input and expertise. In order to develop and realise projects and receive the attention of Safe Kids Austria as a coordinating body, it is important to have the financial support of the Styrian Government and the districts themselves.

543 Safe or unsafe on the streets

Background Austrian children start attending school at the age of six. During 4-year primary school pedestrian traffic accidents increase, peaking in the second grade. Traffic safety education methods at school as well as parents themselves seem to overestimate children’s skills in identifying safe and dangerous traffic situations. Methods We selected 289 pupils from three primary schools in Styria covering urban and rural traffic areas. These children were subdivided into four age groups spanning one year each. The test series consisted of 4 different samples (a traffic mat, a simulation, photos and live action video) with 10 recognition tasks for each (5 safe, 5 unsafe traffic situations) and varying points of view (e.g. from an outside observer, a bird’s eye view and from a child’s point of view). Over two days, each test was carried out by briefed students and with standardised face-to-face interviews of approx. 20 minutes. Results Only 75% of the questions were answered correctly, correlating with a clearly defined age trend: the younger the children, the more likely they were to base their assessment of the degree of danger on one single factor: the presence or absence of a vehicle on the road. The percentage of correct answers was higher in older children but all age groups had the most difficulty interpreting the sample from their own points of view. It was easier for children to identify the dangers from an outsider’s perspective. In addition, the best performance was shown when using live-action videos. Conclusions The younger the children, the more difficult it is for them to identify dangerous situations on the road. From the age of 10 onward they are able to interpret most traffic situations correctly, but fail 20% of the time. Hence parents should be informed of the benefit to accompanying their children in the first few weeks of each primary school year and advised not to overestimate their child’s traffic-assessing skills. For traffic safety education purposes it is essential to develop materials consisting of live-action videos and showing the same scenery from different points of view. That way, children will be able to look beyond an obstacle, to think ahead and increase their overall traffic safety.

Gefährdende Einflüsse aus Familie und Umwelt

Der plotzliche Kindstod wird in den offiziellen Statistiken von Landern mit gut ausgebauter Gesundheitsversorgung als haufigste Todesart im Sauglingsalter jenseits der Neugeborenenzeit angegeben. Obwohl bereits in der Bibel erwahnt (1. Buch Konige 3 : 19), wurde erst vor gut 40 Jahren der Versuch unternommen, ihn als eigenstandige Entitat zu definieren.

Unfallverhütung im Kindesalter

Unfalle entstehen nicht durch Zufalle und sind auch keine schicksalhaften Ereignisse, sondern sie sind eine Kombination und Verkettung von Ursachen. Einen Unfall abwenden bedeutet, dass die Kenntnisse und das Wissen uber Gefahren vorhanden sind, und man uber mogliche Gegenmasnahmen Bescheid weis, die den Unfall letztlich nicht wirksam werden lassen. Dazu zahlen sowohl passive, z.B.: ein Radhelm oder das Herdschutzgitter, als auch aktive Unfallverhutungsmasnahmen, wie etwa die Verkehrserziehung in der Schule.