Peter Virtič

Line-Starting Three- and Single-Phase Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors—Direct Comparison to Induction Motors

The performance comparison of three- and single-phase line-start interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (LSIPMSMs) and induction motors (IMs) with equal squirrel-cage design and symmetric four-pole stator windings is presented. The finite element method was employed in analysis of steady-state synchronous performance of LSIPMSMs. A magnetically linear lumped parameter model was employed in analysis of line-starting performance of LSIPMSMs, where the electrical and also the mechanical subsystems were considered. The procedure which was used for the LSIPMSM design was validated by comparison of calculation and measurement results. The performance of three- and single-phase LSIPMSMs and IMs with equal squirrel-cage design was directly compared and evaluated, thus emphasizing impacts of the permanent magnet breaking torque and reluctance breaking torque on the LSIPMSM performance in the asynchronous operation region.

Torque Analysis of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine by Using Analytical Magnetic Field Calculation

This paper presents a torque analysis of an axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (AFPMSM) based on analytical analysis of magnetic field. The proposed method for torque analysis requires less computational time and is more flexible than finite element method (FEM). This is important advantage, especially for the early stages of the design process. Torque measurements on prototype AFPMSM confirm the validity of the torque analysis method.

Analytical Analysis of Magnetic Field and Back Electromotive Force Calculation of an Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator With Coreless Stator

This paper presents the analytical analysis of magnetic field and back electromotive force (back EMF) calculation in an axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator (AFPMSG) without stator core. For the verification, the numerical analysis [finite element method (FEM)] of magnetic field is accomplished and comparison between analytical and numerical solution of magnetic field is presented. Both analytical and numerical solutions are obtained via magnetic vector potential, respectively. This paper also presents the comparison between analytical solution and numerical (FEM) solution of back EMF using Faradays law. The verifications show that good agreement between analytical and numerical solution of magnetic field and back EMF is obtained. The validity of the proposed analytical method is additionally confirmed with measurements of back EMF on prototype AFPMSG with coreless stator.

Design and Finite-Element Analysis of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Flux Barriers

The paper presents a finite-element method-based design and analysis of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with flux barriers (IPMSMFB). Various parameters of IPMSMFB rotor structure were taken into account at determination of a suitable rotor construction. On the basis of FEM analysis the rotor of IPMSMFB with three-flux barriers was built. Output torque capability and flux weakening performance of IPMSMFB were compared with performances of conventional interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), having the same rotor geometrical dimensions and the same stator construction. The predicted performance of conventional IPMSM and IPMSMFB was confirmed with the measurements over a wide-speed range of constant output power operation.

Design Analysis and Experimental Validation of a Double Rotor Synchronous PM Machine Used for HEV

The paper presents a new rotary actuator design-the double rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine (DRPMSM), which is to be used in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as a four-quadrant drive system. The focus in this paper is placed on the electromagnetic design, construction and the experimental validation of the proposed DRPMSM. In contrast to other, this work evaluates the radial-radial electric machine concept with one permanent magnet per pole on the outer rotor. Because of the newly proposed outer rotor design, special attention has been given to investigation of the most appropriate stator-slot/outer-rotor pole/inner-rotor-slot number combination. The DRPMSM performance with six different slot-pole-slot combinations was evaluated based on postprocessing of results from time-stepping finite element analyses (FEA). It was elaborated that the combination 36-8-36 was the most appropriate. It is distinguished by low harmonic distortion in the back electromotive force, high average torque with low ripple, and low iron loss as well. A machine prototype based on the 36-8-36 design has been manufactured and rigorously tested in generator and motor operation.

Determining Parameters of a Line-Start Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Model by the Differential Evolution

The line-starting performance and synchronization capability of a line-start interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSIPMSM) has to be evaluated by considering different loads and different values of supply voltages, which requires the usage of a reliable dynamic model. In this work the parameters of a magnetically linear lumped parameter LSIPMSM dynamic model were determined by the differential evolution (DE). The optimization objective was the best possible agreement between the measured and by the model calculated time-behavior of model variables. Parameters determined by the DE are used in the LSIPMSM dynamic model, improving agreement between measured and calculated responses of currents and motor speed.

Design of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Using Analytical Method and Evolutionary Optimization

The design optimization of an axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine with a coreless stator and double external rotor is accomplished by using evolutionary optimization with a genetic algorithm and an analytical evaluation of objective functions. On the basis of eight variable geometry parameters, five objective functions are optimized in order to determine the maximum volume torque density and weight torque density, the minimum volume and weight of permanent magnets per Newton-meter, and the minimum machine price per Newton-meter. Based on the geometric parameters for minimum machine price per Newton-meter, a prototype is built for the rated torque. Optimized and analytically evaluated machine characteristics are validated with a finite-element method (FEM) and the measurements of a prototype. Evolutionary optimization with the analytical evaluation of objective functions significantly shortens the computational time required for design optimization in comparison with the FEM.

Analytical Analysis of Magnetic Field and Force Calculation in a Slotless-Type Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Machine; Verification with Numerical Analysis

This paper presents an analytical analysis of magnetic field in a slotless-type permanent magnet linear synchronous machine (PMLSM). For the verification, the numerical analysis (finite element method (FEM)) of magnetic field is accomplished and comparison between analytical and numerical solution of magnetic field is presented. Both analytical and numerical solutions are obtained by 2D analysis via magnetic vector potential, respectively. The paper also presents the comparison between analytical and numerical (FEM) solution of static thrust and normal force using Maxwells stress tensor method. The verifications show that good agreement between analytical and numerical solution of magnetic field, static thrust and normal force is obtained.

Comparison of the efficiency of drives with different energy sources for small city buses

This article describes a comparison of city buses with different powered drives (diesel and electric). The comparison is made on the case of the Municipality of Velenje which has a free public transport. Depending on current prices of energy sources the efficiencies of drives are compared, the purchase price of new vehicles and the cost of operating leasing of buses.

Economy Analysis of Electricity Production From Hydrogen in Combination With Nuclear Power Plant

Efficient and sustainable methods of clean fuel and energy production are needed in all countries of the world in the face of depleting oil reserves and the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Some countries are developing technologies that could be named zero carbon technologies. The presented article will show how hydrogen technologies could be implemented with renewable technologies and nuclear technology. Nuclear technology produce very cheap electricity and could produce also cheap energy like heat and vapour. This technology should be used in nuclear power plants to develop other products like hydrogen, biofuels or district heating. One of the biggest opportunities for nuclear energy technology is to produce hydrogen. Some countries like Canada and US are in preparation to build hydrogen villages. However, a key missing element is a large-scale method of hydrogen production [1–5]. As a carbon-based technology, the predominant existing process (steam-methane reforming (SMR)) is unsuitable. This paper focuses on a production of hydrogen in connection with a nuclear power plant. We will show the technologies which allow the coupling between a nuclear power plant and hydrogen technologies.Copyright