Peter W Reed

Increasing activity and improving nutrition through a schools- based programme: Project Energize. 1. Design, programme, randomisation and evaluation methodology

Project Energize is a through-school nutrition and activity programme that is being evaluated in a 2-year, cluster-randomised, longitudinal study. The present paper describes the background of the programme and study, the programme development and delivery, the study methodology including randomisation, measurement and analysis tools and techniques, and the mix of the study population. The programme is being delivered to sixty-two primary schools with sixty-two control schools, each limb containing about 11,000 students. The children in the evaluation cohort are 5 or 10 years old at enrolment; the randomisation protocol has achieved post-consent enrolment of 3,000 evaluation participants, who are comparable by age, sex and school decile. End-point measures include body composition and associated physical characteristics, fitness, home and school environment and practice.

Do New Zealand Children With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Show Disease Progression?

There is minimal literature available on the long‐term outcome of pediatric non‐cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis.

Prospective population-based study on the burden of disease from post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis of hospitalised children in New Zealand: Epidemiology, clinical features and complications

A nationwide 24‐month study was conducted (2007–2009), via the New Zealand Paediatric Surveillance Unit to define epidemiology and clinical features of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in children hospitalised with the illness.

Baseline measures for a school-based obesity control programme: Project Energize: Differences by ethnicity, rurality, age and school socio-economic status

School‐based interventions to tackle the rise in childhood overweight and obesity remain inconclusive and are often limited in their application to diverse populations. To inform and measure the effect of the implementation of a primary school‐based longitudinal randomised controlled nutrition and activity intervention, Project Energize, baseline measures of body size and blood pressure were required.

When to Discharge Children Hospitalized With Pertussis

OBJECTIVE It is difficult to know when children hospitalized with pertussis can be safely discharged. We sought to identify clinical features of children hospitalized with pertussis that are associated with readmission. METHODS A case series of 207 children hospitalized with pertussis was studied. The 33 children readmitted with pertussis were compared with the 174 who did not require readmission. RESULTS Demographic characteristics and immunization status of the children with pertussis requiring readmission did not differ from the children who were not readmitted. Median duration of initial hospital stay was 4 days for both groups (P=.11). The children who were readmitted had more cyanotic episodes per day (0.8 vs 0.0 episodes, P=.03) and on greater proportion of hospital days (0.5 vs 0.1, P=.01). On the last day of admission, the children subsequently readmitted had more coughing episodes (4 vs 0, P < .001), and a larger proportion had a cyanotic episode (30% vs 10%, P=.003). The risk of readmission was increased in children who had > or =1 cyanotic episode per day (relative risk [RR]=2.5, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.3-4.6); cyanosis on > or =50% of days (RR=2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.8);> or =2 coughing paroxysms on the last hospital day (RR=2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.4); or any cyanosis on the last day (RR=2.9, 95% CI 1.5-5.2). CONCLUSIONS Paroxysmal cough and cyanosis are clinical signs that can be used in children hospitalized with pertussis to help decide when to discharge them from hospital.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor therapy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a regional cohort: Auckland, New Zealand from 2006 to 2016: Complications of type 1 diabetes

To review indications and use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitor (ACEI) therapy for the treatment of persistent microalbuminuria (MA) and/or hypertension (HTN) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes in New Zealand children <15 years of age in a regional-based diabetes service, Auckland, New Zealand: Increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes

It is important to understand whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in childhood for health‐care planning and clinical management. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence of T2DM in New Zealand children, aged <15 years from a paediatric diabetes centre, Auckland, New Zealand.