Peter Weisenpacher

Computer Modelling of Automobile Fires

The use of the CFD (Computer Fluid Dynamics) theory and its practical knowledge has become widespread in such academic disciplines as aerodynamics, fluid dynamics, combustion engineering and other fields. However, in the disciplines, which examine the ongoing processes in larger sizes, CFD was applied during the last decades only. One of such discipline is a spread of fire. Fire processes are a very complicated and complex phenomenon consisting of combustion, radiation, turbulence, fluid dynamics and other physical and chemical processes. A good knowledge about complex phenomena and processes occurring during fire in different environments is a significant component of fire safety. As fire itself is very complicated phenomenon, interdisciplinary approach to the problem is required.

A unitary and analytic model of nucleon EM structure, the puzzle of JLab proton polarization data and new insight into the proton charge distribution

Abstract The unitary and analytic model of nucleon electromagnetic structure, describing all existing nucleon form factor data, is briefly reviewed. Then in the framework of this model the problem of inconsistency of older proton electric form factor data in a space-like region (obtained from the e − p → e − p process by the Rosenbluth technique) with recent Jefferson Lab data on the ratio G E p ( t ) / G M p ( t ) (measured in a precise polarization e − p → e − p experiment) is suggested to be solved in favor of the latter data which, however, unlike older data imply the existence of a form factor zero, i.e. a diffraction minimum in | G E p ( t ) | around t = − Q 2 = − 13 GeV 2 . The new behavior of G E p ( t ) with the zero gives a modified proton charge distribution with an enlarged value of the mean square charge radius.

Cinema Fire Modelling by FDS

Recent advances in computer fluid dynamics (CFD) and rapid increase of computational power of current computers have led to the development of CFD models capable to describe fire in complex geometries incorporating a wide variety of physical phenomena related to fire. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) for cinema fire modelling. FDS is an advanced CFD system intended for simulation of the fire and smoke spread and prediction of thermal flows, toxic substances concentrations and other relevant parameters of fire. The course of fire in a cinema hall is described focusing on related safety risks. Fire properties of flammable materials used in the simulation were determined by laboratory measurements and validated by fire tests and computer simulations

Asymptotic conditions for the electromagnetic form factors of hadrons represented by the VMD model

Abstract. A system of linear homogeneous algebraic equations for the coupling constant ratios of vector mesons to hadrons is derived by imposing the assumed asymptotic behavior upon the VMD pole parameterization of an hadron electromagnetic form factor. A similar system of equations with a simpler structure of the coefficients, taken as even powers of the vector-meson masses, is derived by means of integral superconvergent sum rules for the imaginary part of the considered form factor using its appropriate

Automobile interior fire and its spread to an adjacent vehicle: parallel simulation

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Impact of Turned Cars in Tunnel on Modelling People Evacuation in Fire Conditions

-function approximation. Although both systems have been derived starting from different properties of the electromagnetic form factor and they each have their own appearances, it is shown explicitly that they are fully equivalent.

Nucleon electromagnetic structure revisited

Knowledge of the course of an automobile fire is an important issue in automobile fire safety and can have a significant impact on fire safety measures in car parks and other structures with a high concentration of automobiles. In this article, computer simulations of fire in an automobile interior and its influence on an adjacent vehicle are investigated. The results of simulations are compared with the results of the measurements obtained during a full-scale fire experiment conducted in Povazsky Chlmec (Slovakia) in 2009. The comparison confirms the accuracy of the simulation. A parameter study related to some selected material properties, which shows that seat material properties are the most important for the fire development, is described. Due to high computational requirements, a parallel version of the calculation is studied, and the influence of parallelization on performance and accuracy is tested as well. As the glass breakage is one of the most important factors affecting the course of an automobile fire, a simple practical criterion to determine when window breakage will occur is proposed.

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF FIRE IN A TUNNEL USING PARALLEL VERSION OF FDS

People evacuation in tunnel in fire conditions belongs to important tunnel safety problems. In this paper, simulation of fire in a short unidirectional 2-lane road tunnel and its evacuation using the FDS+Evac system are analysed. FDS+Evac enables to simulate fire spread in the tunnel utilizing the obtained fire characteristics for modelling evacuation of people. Three evacuation scenarios which differ from each other by cars location in the tunnel are illustrated. The impact of turned cars on fire spread and people egress is demonstrated. Some specific particularities of the current version of FDS+Evac, which must be taken into account in modelling the egress in tunnel fire conditions to avoid misrepresentation of input representation, are discussed.