Petr Dostálek

Classification of audio sources using neural network applicable in security or military industry

In this paper, classification of audio sources is presented to supplement current work on existing system for localization of audio sources. The question of achieving the audio classification lies in the convenient discrimination of the feature vector in the feature vector space. Characteristics based on frequency analysis were chosen and used as feature vector. Artificial neural network was applied in order to classify different audio classes especially from security and military areas, such as different shots and explosions. The information about specific type of a sound can trigger localization process of given audio source. Moreover, it can improve situation when guards get ready for the alert state. This classification method is currently developed as an additional part of the system for audio source hyperbolic localization; the paper also gives some basic structure of that system. Its utilization can be found for additional securing of larger objects like squares or military basis, for instance.

Utilization of audio source localization in security systems

Paper deals with utilization of audio source localization in security systems especially dedicated for additional securing of larger objects like squares or military basis for instance. Proposed detection system supposes that intruder makes uniquely determinable noise which can be picked up by microphone array. On the basis of real-time signal analysis from each microphone unit direction to acoustic source can be determined. In this paper is presented time-delay estimation method of the direction of arrival of the sound wave which is used in many other practical applications. Experimental part proposes design of the evaluation system consisting of microphone sensory system and standard personal computer equipped with Advantech PCI-1716 multifunction data acquisition card.

Microcontroller-based Data Acquisition Device for Process Control and Monitoring Applications

Process measurement is one of the most important tasks in the whole control system. It is determined by the fact that control accuracy is fully dependent on how preciously measuring chain works. Present-day there is available number of devices performing data acquisition tasks – standard cards for PCI or ISA bus which are suitable for standard personal computers and its industrial versions and modules for industrial automation usually equipped with RS485, CAN and other interfaces. Independent category is formed by smart sensors incorporating sensor, converter to unified signal and data acquisition device in one embedded system with very compact dimensions and low power consumption. They have number of advantageous features such as automatic diagnostic and calibration, high accuracy and immunity against electromagnetic interference due to short signal paths. On the other hand lower operating temperature range reduces their usage to laboratory applications, automotive and aircraft industry where compact dimensions and low weight are crucial. Quite often occurred situations when it is necessary to measure data in terrain where it is not possible to use standard computer equipped with DAQ card. In these cases laptop computer equipped with portable data acquisition device may be very advantageous. On the market are available devices equipped with USB 2.0 connectivity which can fully functionally substitute PCI cards. But they are not able to work without connected computer which must continually control all DAQ operations. Therefore it is not possible to use them in applications where is required long-term monitoring and archiving process quantities in distant areas without access to mains power. This contribution proposes design of multi-channel portable data acquisition device based on low cost general-purpose 8-bit microcontroller Freescale 68HC908GP32, which was developed in our department mainly for control and monitoring educational laboratory models. First part deals with hardware design of the DAQ device with focus on description of operation of individual functional blocks. After that follows description of internal software (firmware) based on real-time operating system RTMON for HC08, which was developed on our department especially for microcontroller-based embedded systems with CPU08 main processor core. Next chapters discuss DAQ device software support in form of program libraries for MS Visual C++, Control Web and Matlab/Simulink development environments, which can significantly improve development time of new process control or

Arduino Debugger

This letter describes our source-level debugger for Arduino which can be used to debug the code in Arduino using GNU debugger. The presented solution uses Eclipse as the visual front-end. It does not require any modification of the Arduino board or additional hardware; debug functionality is achieved by adding a program library to the user application. Standard functionality expected from a debugger is available, such as setting breakpoints while debugging, stepping through the code and viewing variables. This allows developing projects with Arduino more efficiently and also using the Arduino for teaching embedded programming at a more advanced level, including debugging the program.

Algebraic tools in autotuning principles

The contribution is focused on algebraic methods used in the automatic design of controller parameters. The identification of a controlled system is based on a biased relay experiment. The identified system is consecutively approximated by a low order transfer function with a time delay. The controller parameters are then computed through the solution of a Diophantine equation in the ring of proper and stable rational functions. Tuning of the controller parameters can be achieved by a pole-placement problem as a desired multiple root of the characteristic closed loop equation. This approach introduces a scalar tuning parameter which can be adjusted by several methods.

Simple decentralized autonomous adaptive nonlinear real-time controller with controller source code optimization: Case study

The paper deals with the combination of several approaches of the feedback control applied on the laboratory apparatus in real-time. Each of these approaches is generally known, but their consolidated implementation into one control algorithm is new. The control program was written in MATLAB with Real-time toolbox and realized in PC with the technological card connected to the laboratory apparatus. Due to the fact the control system has multiple inputs and multiple outputs the decentralized autonomous controller was used. Many systems are biased in practice therefore the self-tuning control strategy was added into the used control algorithm. Furthermore, the method of simple nonlinear controller enlarges the area of usage of the used approach. It is common that the controlled process is needed to be controlled in real-time in practice. In that purpose, the Real-time toolbox was used. Finally, the not so commonly used techniques of time optimization of source code in MATLAB was used to run the program faster, such as cycle masking, or minimization of commands in the main cycle.

Portable data acquisition device based on Motorola 68HC908GP32 microcontroller

Abstract The contribution deals with design of portable data acquisition device based on 8-bit microcontroller Motorola 68HC908GP32 which can be used in number of control and monitoring tasks. Hardware design is adopted to fulfill high reliability and immunity against industrial environment, high precision and compact dimensions. Communication with supervision system is performed via standard RS232 interface utilizing universal ASCII-based communication protocol which is supported by number of software environments like Matlab and Control Web for instance. Designed device was tested on real heating plant system with four temperature measurement channels andone digital channel for heating element control connected with standard personal computer running Matlab6.5 software.

C14: Software tool for program transformation from motorola 68HC11 to 68HC08 microcontrollers

Abstract This contribution deals with design of software conversion tool dedicated for M68HC11 program equipment transformation to new Motorolas microcontroller family M68HC08 which became a new 8-bit industry standard including number of new advantageous features. The main problem is that these new microcontrollers are not object code compatible. Therefore number of up to now created program equipment for M68HC11 can not be directly used on M68HC08. One way how to solve program transfer from M68HC11 on this new generation of microcontrollers is to design universal software tool transforming each instructions of M68HC11 program code to macros, which will have same function as original instruction and can be processed with same results by M68HC08 central processing unit.

Software Compatibility of Motorola Microcontrollers

Abstract Program equipment of microcontrollers is in most cases developed in assembly language, which is very near processors code. Program created this way occupies after compilation less memory and primarily run quicker than identical program created in higher programming language. Big drawback is longer development time and dependence on concrete type of microcontroller. In order to transform program equipment an application has been created, which makes it possible to automatically convert the instruction set of M68HC11 onto M68HC08, which considerably precipitates the conversion process of already existing applications on this platform.