Petr Kment

Effect of geographic background and equilibrium state on niche model transferability: predicting areas of invasion of leptoglossus occidentalis.

Niche conservatism providing support for using ecological niche modeling in biological invasions has been widely noticed, however, the equilibrium state and geographic background effect on niche model transferability has received scant attention. The western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis, native to western North America, has expanded its range eastward and has become an invasive pest in Europe and Asia. Niche models calibrated on the ranges of a small native population and two large expanding populations were compared. We found that the climate niche of L. occidentalis is conserved during its steady expansion in North America and rapid spread in Europe. Models based on the small western native range successfully captured the eastern expanding and introduced European populations, whereas the large area-based models varied with the presumed state of equilibrium. The equilibrium state based model succeeded but the non-equilibrium based model failed to predict the range in Europe. Our study estimates global invasion risk zones for L. occidentalis and suggests that, based on niche conservatism, modeling based on a reasonable geographic distribution at a climatic equilibrium of a species could guarantee the transferability of niche model prediction. Caution is warranted in interpreting low niche model transferability with niche differentiation and forwarding message for management strategy.

Rauno linnavuori: Entomologist and explorer

MICHAEL R. WILSON, ATTILIO CARAPEZZA, JOHN DEEMING, REZA HOSSEINI, PETR KMENT, PÄIVI LINNAVUORI AND PAVEL ŠTYS Entomology Section, Department of Natural Sciences, National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, CF10 3NP, United Kingdom; e-mail: mike.wilson@museumwales.ac.uk, j.deeming@museumwales.ac.uk University of Palermo; corresponding address: via Sandro Botticelli 15, 90144 Palermo, Italy; e-mail: attilio.carapezza@unipa.it Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran; e-mail: RHosseini@guilan.ac.ir Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic; e-mail: sigara@post.cz Somersoja, Raisio, Finland Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: pavelstys@gmail.com

List of true bug taxa described by Rauno E. Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

Abstract A list of 96 available genus-group taxa, 1459 available species-group taxa and 5 unavailable infrasubspecific taxa of Heteroptera described by Rauno E. Linnavuori is compiled. One new substitute name, Phytocoris (Eriamiris) rostriformis nom. nov., is proposed to replace the junior homonym Phytocoris rostratus Linnavuori, 2000b (Miridae). Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis Linnavuori, 1974a is recognized as an available name and senior objective synonym of Taylorilygus nairobiensis atricollis Linnavuori, 1975f, syn. nov. (Miridae). Lectotype of Taylorilygus nairobiensis nigricollis is designated. Two new combinations are proposed: Chinavia amosi (Linnavuori, 1982) comb. nov. and Chinavia aequalis (Linnavuori, 1972) comb. nov. (both transferred from the genus Acrosternum Fieber, 1860) (Pentatomidae). Status of Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) othmanus Linnavuori, 1972 as synonym of Sciocoris (Neosciocoris) conspurcatus Klug, 1845 is confirmed. Placement of Orthotylus problematicus Linnavuori, 1953b (Miridae) in the nominotypical subgenus Orthotylus Fieber, 1858 is confirmed based on examination of male genitalia. Tuponia (Tuponia) luniensis Linnavuori, 1974c (Miridae) is placed in the nominotypical subgenus Tuponia Reuter, 1875. Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) linnavuorii Kerzhner, 1970 (=Paralaemocoris (Laemocoris) ahngeri Reuter, 1901, misidentification) is formally designated as type species of the subgenus Laemocorella Linnavuori, 1964 (Miridae), and Afraethus bistortus Linnavuori, 1993 (=Aethus pallipennis Dallas, 1851, misidentification) is formally designated as type species of the genus Afraethus Linnavuori, 1977 (Cydnidae), both by action of the First Reviser according to Articles 70.3 and 70.3.2 of ICZN (1999). Metacanthus linnavuorii Péricart, 1976 (Berytidae) is found to be an unavailable name. The type status (syntype / holotype / lectotype) and/or the first publication of the name as available is clarified for the following taxa: Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus Linnavuori, 1951b (Dipsocoridae), Hebrus (Hebrus) ilaira Cobben and Linnavuori, 1981 in Linnavuori (1981) (Hebridae), Aloea Linnavuori, 1975f, Bowdenella gloriosa Linnavuori, 1974e, Bowdenella hirtula Linnavuori, 1974e, Collaria nigra Linnavuori, 1974f, Horvathiella umbrina Linnavuori, 1974e, Oreolygus Linnavuori, 1975f, Orthotylus junipericolus frigidus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus junipericolus junipericolus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus maesae Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus rubidus Linnavuori, 1974e, Orthotylus viridipennis Linnavuori, 1974e, Paurolygus ciliaris Linnavuori, 1974e, Pilophorus erraticus Linnavuori, 1962e, Pleurochilophorus rubrinervis Linnavuori, 1974f, Psallus senjoensis Linnavuori, 1961f, Yambio Linnavuori, 1975f, Yambio chaetacme Linnavuori, 1974e, Yambio clavicornis Linnavuori, 1974e (all Miridae), Holotrichius nitidicollis Linnavuori, 1964a (Reduviidae), Myla abyssinia Linnavuori, 1971e, Myla graciloides Linnavuori, 1971e (Coreidae), Geocoris paradoxus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a (Geocoridae), Acrosternum aequale Linnavuori, 1972f, Acrosternum apicale Linnavuori, 1972f, Durmia circe Linnavuori, 1972 in Gillon (1972) (Pentatomidae), and Rhyparochromus rugulosus Linnavuori, 1954a (Rhyparochromidae). The exact dates of publication are corrected for the following taxa: Micracanthia imitator Linnavuori, 1952 (Saldidae), Sphinctothorax striatulus Linnavuori, 1973 (Miridae), Horvathiolus rhea Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Pylorgus alkithoe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994 (both Lygaeidae), Engistus exsanguis punctulatus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus Linnavuori, 1954a, Geocoris paradoxus var. punctiger Linnavuori, 1954a (all Geocoridae), Dinomachus aksiokhe Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Trinithignus manto Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994 (both Heterogastridae), Elasmolomus mahfid Linnavuori and Al-Safadi, 1994, Emblethis angustus var. dubius Linnavuori, 1954a, Emblethis brachypterus Linnavuori, 1954a, Gonianotus angusticollis Linnavuori, 1954a, Rhyparochromus chiragra cyprius Linnavuori, 1954a, and Rhyparochromus rugulosus Linnavuori, 1954a (all Rhyparochromidae). Mandatory changes are made to correct the gender agreement of 50 species-group names in the genus Campylomma Reuter, 1878 and 34 species group-names in the genus Miyomma Puton, 1872 (both Miridae), as well as of Campyloneuropsis falcigera (Linnavuori, 1975), Darfuromma vulneratum Linnavuori, 1975, Hallodapus katanganus (Linnavuori, 1973), Leptopterna dentifera Linnavuori, 1970, Nesidiocoris montivagus (Linnavuori, 1975), Paloniella nigra (Linnavuori, 1975) (Miridae), Psilolomia amphrysius (Linnavuori, 1970) (Coreidae), Durmia sallierdupini devia Linnavuori, 1982, Kayesia setigera Linnavuori, 1982 (Pentatomidae) and Pseudopachybrachius capicola (Stål, 1874) (Rhyparochromidae). Type depositories for many species described by R. Linnavuori himself or by other authors based on his collection are provided and corrected.

Two Cases of Homonymy in The Family Berytidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

Achille Costa (1843: 27; later reprinted in 1847: 167 – see Kerzhner 1974, 1983) established the genus Metacanthus Costa to accommodate the species, Berytus meridionalis Costa, 1843. The same generic name, Metacanthus Corda (in Hawle and Corda 1847: 126–127), was later established for Phacops stellifer Burmeister, 1843 (Trilobita: Acastidae). Authorship of Metacanthus Corda, 1847, however, is confused; Barrande (1852: 37) and Richter and Richter (1948) cited reasons for Corda to be the only author of the trilobite genus, but their arguments were not accepted in the catalog by Jell and Adrain (2003). Richter and Richter (1948) proposed Neometacanthus Richter and Richter as a new substitute name for Metacanthus Corda (see also Jell and Adrain 2003). Štusák (1965) errected the genus Neometacanthus Štusák, 1965, for the new species N. congoensis Štusák, 1965, described from the Congo. Subsequently, Štusák (1966) synonymized his N. congoensis with Megalomerium picticorne Noualhier, 1898, establishing the new combination Neometacanthus picticornis (Noualhier 1898), and later (Štusák 1967) described the new species N. planicapillus Štusák, 1967, from Nigeria. Currently, the preoccupied genus Neometacanthus Štusák contains two valid species (see Henry and Froeschner 1998). To remove the homonymy, we here propose the following new substitute name for Neometacanthus Štusák, with two new combinations for the included species:

Review of the genus Lanchnophorus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae) with description of three new species and other nomenclatural changes

The generic name Lanchnophorus Reuter, 1887, deemed for a long time to be unavailable as incorrect original spelling of Lachnophorus (in fact Lachnophorus Distant, 1903 is an unjustified emendation of the former), is restored as a valid name of the genus. Lachnesthus Bergroth, 1915, syn. nov. (new name for the preoccupied Lachnophorus Distant, 1903) is considered junior synonym of Lanchnophorus. The following nomenclatural changes are proposed: Lanchnophorus flavus (Scudder, 1971) comb. nov. = Lachnesthus chinai Scudder, nomen nudum; Lanchnophorus guttulatus Reuter, 1887, comb. restit. = Lachnophorus albidomaculatus Distant, 1913, syn. nov. = Lachnesthus rodriguezensis China, 1925, syn. nov.; Lanchnophorus leucospilus (Walker, 1872) comb. nov.; Lanchnophorus merula (Distant, 1903) comb. nov.; and Lanchnophorus singalensis (Dohrn, 1860) comb. nov. Three new species are described: Lanchnophorus gaoqingae Kment & Jindra sp. nov. from China (Yunnan), Lanchnophorus seminitens Kment & Carapezza sp. nov. from Socotra Island (Yemen), and Lanchnophorus webbi Kondorosy sp. nov. from India: Tamil Nadu. Bibliographies and known distribution of all the included species are reviewed. The following new country and state records are provided: L. flavus from Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Malawi, Niger, Zambia and Zimbabwe; L. leucospilus from China (Yunnan) and Laos, L. merula from India (Kerala/Tamil Nadu) and Thailand; L. singalensis from Angola, Benin, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, China (Hainan), Iran (Sistan and Ba-luchestan), Oman, Pakistan, India (Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan), Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand.

Review of West-Palaearctic Hebridae with description of a new species and redescription of Hebrus fulvinervis (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

A review of the West-Palaearctic Hebridae and their distribution is given, including two genera and 21 species-group taxa (18 species and 3 subspecies). A new species, Hebrus (Hebrus) atlas sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Hebroidea: Hebridae: Hebrinae), is described from Morocco and is the first micropterous species of Hebrus s. str. in the Palaearctic Region. The species Hebrus fulvinervis Horváth, 1929, not recorded since its original description, is rediscovered, redescribed, and its species status is confirmed. Based on the morphological characters, H. fulvinervis is considered closely related to H. ruficeps Thomson, 1871, and transferred to the subgenus Hebrusella Poisson, 1944. Remarks on the morphology of Hebrus syriacus Horváth, 1896 are provided and its placement in the subgenus Hebrus s. str. is confirmed. The following new or confirmed distribution records are provided: Hebrus acutiscutatus Brown, 1951 from Israel, H. fulvi-nervis from Bulgaria, H. jeanneli djaneti Poisson, 1953 from Morocco, H. montanus Kolenati, 1857 from Israel and Romania, H. pusillus arabicus Linnavuori, 1971 from Iran (Hormozgan) and Oman, H. pusillus pusillus (Fallén, 1807) from Greece and Lithuania, H. syriacus from Cyprus, and H. vaillanti Poisson, 1953 from Morocco. Several corrections concerning type localities, type material and depositories are also provided.

Checklist of water bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha) of Slovakia

The water bugs represent a significant component of the freshwater biota, play an important role in trophic webs, and may have considerable economic importance. Nevertheless, systematic research of this group has been underdeveloped in Slovakia (central Europe) for decades. This work presents a list of water bug species of Slovakia based on an exhaustive review of the literature (time span: 1808-2013) and on more than 14,000 individuals collected during extensive field campaigns (2010-2014) or obtained from insect collections. Fifty-six species belonging to 11 families of Heteroptera were recorded from a total of 767 sites. Seven species were recorded for the first time from Slovakia during our research. Among those, the first exact records of Corixa panzeri Fieber, 1848, Sigara (Subsigara) distincta (Fieber, 1848), Notonecta (Notonecta) lutea Müller, 1776, Notonecta (Notonecta) maculata Fabricius, 1794 and Microvelia (Microvelia) buenoi Drake, 1920 are provided here. Confusion concerning the records of two additional species, Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) and Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860) is clarified. The water bugs species inventory appears to be nearly complete (~97 %) given an asymptotic richness estimate. The occurrence of other species is discussed taking into account their habitat requirements and distribution in neighbouring countries. Recommendations for future research are provided.

A redescription of the endemic Madagascan genus Tricompastes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).

The endemic Madagascan genus Tricompastes Cachan, 1952 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Triplatygini), containing a single species-Tricompastes gigas Cachan, 1952, is redescribed and illustrated, including first descriptions of male and female genitalia. First exact localities of the species are provided. Lectotype of T. gigas is designated.

On the synonymy of Dymantis Stål, 1861 and Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982 and resulting nomenclatural changes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).

The Afrotropical genus-group taxa Dymantis Stål, 1861 and Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Myrocheini) are confirmed as objective synonyms, both sharing the same type species: Dymantis subvittata Stål, 1861. As a result, Dymantis (= Eomyrochea, syn. confirm.) is downgraded to a subgenus of Myrochea Amyot and Serville, 1843 and a new genus, Neodymantis gen. nov., is established for Dymantis sensu Linnavuori (1982) (type species Halys plana Fabricius, 1803). The following new combinations are proposed: Myrochea (Dymantis) subvittata (Stål, 1861), comb. nov., Neodymantis aias (Linnavuori, 1982), comb. nov., Neodymantis grisea (Jensen-Haarup, 1931), comb. nov., Neodymantis plana (Fabricius, 1803), comb. nov., and Neodymantis relata (Distant, 1898), comb. nov. The known distribution of the species involved is reviewed and the following new records are provided: Neodymantis aias from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, N. plana from Ghana and Togo.

Review of the family Veliidae in Romania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha)

A critical review of the family Veliidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Romania is provided. In total, two genera and eight species (Microvelia Westwood, 1834-3 species, Velia Latreille, 1804-5 species) are known from the country. Microvelia buenoi Drake, 1920 and Velia serbica Tamanini, 1951 are recorded for the first time from Romania. The occurrence of V. affinis filippii Tamanini, 1947 and V. mancinii mancinii Tamanini, 1947 is confirmed by additional records. Based on proven or suspected misidentifications, V. currens (Fabricius, 1794) and V. rivulorum (Fabricius, 1775) are excluded from the Romanian fauna. A checklist of the Veliidae of Romania and updated distribution maps are provided. Biogeographical aspects of the fauna are summarized.