Philippe Lataire

Analysis, Modeling, and Implementation of a Multidevice Interleaved DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Multiphase converter topologies for use in high-performance applications have received increasing interest in recent years. This paper proposes a novel multidevice interleaved boost converter (MDIBC) that interfaces the fuel cell with the powertrain of hybrid electric vehicles. In this research, a multidevice structure with interleaved control is proposed to reduce the input current ripples, the output voltage ripples, and the size of passive components with high efficiency compared with the other topologies. In addition, low EMI and low stress in the switches are expected. The proposed dc/dc converter is compared to other converter topologies such as conventional boost converter (BC), multidevice boost converter (MDBC), and two-phase interleaved boost converter (IBC) to verify its dynamic performance. Furthermore, a generalized small-signal model is derived for these dc/dc converters, which has not been previously discussed. A digital dual-loop control is designed to achieve the proper regulator for the converters with fast transient response. The dc/dc converter topologies and their controller are designed and investigated by using MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the proposed converter (MDIBC) is experimentally validated with results obtained from a 30-kW prototype that has been built and tested in our laboratory based on TMS320F2808 DSP. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed converter is more efficient than other dc/dc converter topologies in achieving high performance and reliability for high-power dc/dc converters.

A DSP-Based Dual-Loop Peak DC-link Voltage Control Strategy of the Z-Source Inverter

This paper proposes a direct dual-loop peak dc-link voltage control strategy, with outer voltage loop and inner current loop, of the Z-source inverter (ZSI). The peak dc-link voltage is estimated by measuring both the input and capacitor voltages. With this proposed technique, a high-performance output voltage control can be achieved with an excellent transient performance including input voltage and load current variations with minimized nonminimum phase characteristics caused by the right half-plane zero in the control to peak dc-link voltage transfer function. Both controllers are designed based on a third-order small-signal model of the ZSI using the direct digital control method. The performance of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation and experimental results of a 30-kW ZSI prototype.

An Advanced Power Electronics Interface for Electric Vehicles Applications

Power electronics interfaces play an increasingly important role in the future clean vehicle technologies. This paper proposes a novel integrated power electronics interface (IPEI) for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in order to optimize the performance of the powertrain. The proposed IPEI is responsible for the power-flow management for each operating mode. In this paper, an IPEI is proposed and designed to realize the integration of the dc/dc converter, on-board battery charger, and dc/ac inverter together in the BEV powertrain with high performance. The proposed concept can improve the system efficiency and reliability, can reduce the current and voltage ripples, and can reduce the size of the passive and active components in the BEV drivetrains compared to other topologies. In addition, low electromagnetic interference and low stress in the power switching devices are expected. The proposed topology and its control strategy are designed and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results related to this research are presented and discussed. Finally, the proposed topology is experimentally validated with results obtained from the prototypes that have been built and integrated in our laboratory based on TMS320F2808 DSP.

Research and test platform for hybrid electric vehicle with the super capacitor based energy storage

In this paper, the research and test platform for hybrid electric vehicle has been presented, which comprises power supply system, super capacitor based energy storage, traction system and the simulated load of vehicle. The strategies of energy sources control and management have been tested and verified in the standard speed cycle. The results show that the current of the power supply system (e.g. fuel cell) can be directly or indirectly controlled to be continuously changing. This feature can ensure good operating condition of power supply system. The test platform presented in this paper can be used for the further system test and optimization.

Steady-state analysis of the series resonant DC-DC converter in conjunction with loosely coupled transformer-above resonance operation

This paper presents the steady-state analysis of the series resonant DC-DC power converter (SRC) in conjunction with loosely coupled transformer (LCT) operating above resonance (f/sub s//f/sub o/>1). It is an extension of the conventional steady-state analysis of the SRC. Three operational modes other than the continuous current mode (CCM) have been identified, and the boundaries of all the operational modes are defined. Based on the well-defined operational plane, all the operational modes are analyzed. Results are given in normalized form and experimentally verified.

Test Bench of Hybrid Electric Vehicle with the Super Capacitor based Energy Storage

In this paper, the research and test bench of hybrid electric vehicle has been presented, which comprises power supply system, super capacitor based energy storage, traction system and the simulated load of vehicle. In order to ensure good operating condition of main power supply and high efficiency in hybrid electric vehicle, energy sources control and management strategies were specified. They have been verified in this platform.

Advanced control methods for the 3-phase unified power quality conditioner

Advanced control methods for the 3-phase unified power quality conditioner are presented, which are using a shunt inverter for sinusoidal current loading, power factor correction and voltage harmonics compensation, whilst using a series inverter for dynamic voltage correction and harmonics compensation on the power distribution networks. Dual coupled voltage source inverters with only the measurements at the inverter side of the transformer(s) are prototyped, on which our proposed control principles are applied. Laboratory tests of dynamic voltage restoration have shown that our prototype system has a very quick and precise response; thereby high power quality can be achieved.

Control, analysis and comparison of different control strategies of electric motor for battery electric vehicles applications

Electric motors are key components in all electric drivetrains, particularly battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Consequently, the control strategies of those electric motors play an important role in the development of high performance BEV powertrains. Therefore, this article presents the control design, analysis and comparison of different motor control strategies. In this paper, the most popular control strategies (such as Indirect Field-Oriented Control (IFOC), Hybrid IFOC and PWM voltage scheme, IFOC based on SVPWM, Direct Torque Control (DTC), and DTC based on SVPWM) are designed and analyzed in detail by using Matlab/Simulink. Furthermore, in this research, IFOC based on PWM voltage and PSO is designed to improve the motor efficiency especially at low load conditions. It is shown that the PSO algorithm has the straightforward goal of minimizing the motor losses at any operating condition by selecting the optimal flux. The simulation and experimental results are provided.

A comparative study of different control strategies of On-Board Battery Chargers for Battery Electric Vehicles

On-Board Battery Charger is one of the key components required for the emergence and acceptance of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). The control strategy of the battery charger plays an important role in the development of BEVs. Therefore, the proper selection of this control strategy can significantly improve the performance of the BEVs during charging mode from the grid. In this paper, a comparative study of different control strategies of on-board battery chargers for BEVs is presented. In this research, three control strategies are designed and applied to control the power flow of the on-board battery charger during charging mode from the ac grid. These control strategies are hysteresis current control (HCC), Proportional-Integral Control (PIC) and Proportional-Resonant Control (PRC). These control strategies are designed and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation and experimental results are provided.

Configuration and verification of the super capacitor based energy storage as peak power unit in hybrid electric vehicles

In order to configure super capacitor based energy storages in hybrid electric vehicles, the required peak power and the total amount of energy are estimated by using our strategies of energy source control and management during typical test cycles. The configuration of the super capacitor based energy storage for a dedicated vehicle has been verified with respect to the voltage variation, maximum current and power losses. The strategies of energy source control and management presented in this paper can be ensure efficiently and safely using the super capacitor based energy storage.