Pinar Kirci

Machine-to-Machine Communications

This chapter presents the ongoing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication model and reviews the expected services, strengths, and limitations of these systems, showing what industry can use from this M2M paradigm.

Internet of Things: From Real to Virtual World

The ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) appears to be one step further along the path to ubiquitous computing. This will be made possible with the introduction of such technologies as RFID and sensors, as well as robotics, nanotechnology, and other related technologies that all make IoT services an interdisciplinary field in which most human senses are reproduced and replaced in the virtual world. In this chapter we provide the building blocks for different emerging concepts and technologies, such as machine-to-machine communications, the Internet of Things, and emerging wireless technologies in the areas of healthcare and security.

Recursive and ad hoc routing based localization in wireless sensor networks

We consider wireless nodes connected in an ad hoc network where recursion based localization is available and ad hoc routing is deployed. We are interested in studying the possibility to use ad hoc routing to help a mobile (sensor) node in a dense/sparse wireless network to estimate its position by first finding the closest two or three ad hoc reference nodes that are already known their positions then use the position value of the found reference nodes and add the estimated distance using the hop counts of the ad hoc routing to find the estimated position. Our protocol will control which are the nodes that will have to calculate their position using the recursive approach in order to serve as reference points to other nodes in the network. Our proposed algorithm basically includes the improved version of the OLSR protocol mostly about the MPR decision and utilization topics by introducing supplemental selection criteria which are also significant for the localization process. Besides, the first part of the localization is performed with this modified version but at the continuation part, two schemas are used: DV-hop and DV-distance. These two schemas are used in two ways, after finding three anchors to find the position of the related node and if three of the anchors could not be collected then in case of finding anchors. Furthermore, the localized node whose position is detected also assigned as an anchor node in the network. Additionally, we compare our schemas with a recursive position estimation (RPE) algorithm about density, position error and reference point numbers. And t-test is performed in our study for the reference points-densities with p-value of 0.05. Ad hoc routing is investigated in this paper.Recursion based localization is considered over wireless networks.DV-hop, DV-distance and recursive position estimation (RPE) algorithms are compared.This paper investigates density, position error and reference point numbers.

WDM network and multicasting protocol strategies.

Optical technology gains extensive attention and ever increasing improvement because of the huge amount of network traffic caused by the growing number of internet users and their rising demands. However, with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), it is easier to take the advantage of optical networks and optical burst switching (OBS) and to construct WDM networks with low delay rates and better data transparency these technologies are the best choices. Furthermore, multicasting in WDM is an urgent solution for bandwidth-intensive applications. In the paper, a new multicasting protocol with OBS is proposed. The protocol depends on a leaf initiated structure. The network is composed of source, ingress switches, intermediate switches, edge switches, and client nodes. The performance of the protocol is examined with Just Enough Time (JET) and Just In Time (JIT) reservation protocols. Also, the paper involves most of the recent advances about WDM multicasting in optical networks. WDM multicasting in optical networks is given as three common subtitles: Broadcast and-select networks, wavelength-routed networks, and OBS networks. Also, in the paper, multicast routing protocols are briefly summarized and optical burst switched WDM networks are investigated with the proposed multicast schemes.

Game based education with android mobile devices

Because of the increasing usage of smart phones and laptops, android application usage rates also increase. To make life easier, android applications are used to serve users. Besides, education is one of the most important part of a human beings life. With the improving and widespreading of technological opportunities, many of the technological developments are integrated with education area. Especially, researchers think that mobile devices will provide many opportunities. Also, with the help of the improved methods, the education and learning periods will be more amusing and useful. Thus, more succesful results will be gained. For this reason, many applications and platforms are started to be developed recently for providing more successful education period for children and students. The basic aim of our project is to provide a mobile education application for primary school kids. Thus, they will reach their lesson topics and they will make exams and solve more questions at every place and every time over their smart phone.

A cluster based scheme for interference mitigation in mobile macrocell-femtocell networks

In this paper, we consider a power control scheme for co-channel deployment of femtocells in the umbrella of macrocell LTE. The severe interference in the downlink from the femtocells should be controlled to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) required by the macrocell users. We used clustering method for grouping femtocells according to their geographical localizations. For this scenario, we proposed a hybrid scheme that combines both centralized and distributed schemes to minimize the total power consumption at femtocells, while guaranteeing the QoS of their users. Simulation results showed that our proposed power scheme can allocate power efficiently on the resource blocks in femtocells while obtaining a small performance reduction in femtocell compared to the fully distributed scheme. As well, our method minimized the signaling overhead compared to the fully centralized power allocation scheme.

Selection of Spectral Features for Land Cover Type Classification

Abstract Sophisticated sensors of satellites help researchers collect detailed maps of land surface in various image wavebands. These wavebands are processed to form spectral features identifying distinct land structures. However, depending on the structures subject to the research topic, only a portion of collected features might be sufficient for identification. Aim of this study is to present a scheme to pick most valuable spectral features derived from ASTER imagery in order to distinguish four types of tree ensembles: ‘Sugi’ (Japanese Cedar), ‘Hinoki’ (Japanese Cypress), ‘Mixed deciduous’, and ‘Others’. Forward selection, a type of wrapper techniques, was employed with four types of classifiers in several train/test splits. Final rank of each feature was determined by Condorcet ranking after application of each classifier. Results showed that among four classifiers, artificial neural networks helped the selection process choose the most valuable features and a high accuracy value of 90.42% (with a true skill statistics score of 91.26%) was obtained using only top-ten features. For feature sets in smaller sizes, support vector machines classifier also performed well and provided an accuracy of 80.33% (with a true skill statistics score of 81.84%) using only top-three features. With help of these findings, landscape data can be represented in smaller forms with spectral features having most discriminative power. This will help reduce processing time and storage needs of expert systems.

On the Performance of Tabu Search Algorithm for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

In the paper, vehicle routing problem (VRP) with time windows is examined over google maps. The google maps is used to have real routes, in addition to the routes that are produced and illustrated over graphs. During the delivery process, carbon dioxide (Co2) emission rates and cost rates are examined in addition to main factors, time windows, vehicle speed, customer demands and vehicle capacity. In green energy, diminishing Co2 emission rates is a vital problem. In the paper, the best path is proposed with minimizing the cost and Co21 emissions by using the VRP with Tabu search. The paper includes an application for logistic management companies. Real scenarios are illustrated to collect results about logistics in Turkey.

Effects of computer and internet utilization over young people in world and Turkey: Considered with education and health applications

Internet is one of the most remarkable technological inventions for humanity. The production aim of the related technology is connecting computers all over the world to each other for providing applications and communication in different ways such as with e-mail, chat, file transfer and social networking, also shopping and banking. In our century, young people are more interested in new technologies and internet so they are effected from these innovations more than other age groups. For this reason, utilizing from internet for educating students is a wisely, easy and cheaper way, compared with the old traditional classroom education methods for both teachers and students. Therefore, education with internet attracts more attention by teachers, students and researchers. Also, these novelties provide many improvements in health area that effect the life quality of many people. Thus, utilizing from internet for health services is also a wisely, easy and cheaper way.

Performance analysis of signaling protocols on OBS switches

In this paper, Just-In-Time (JIT), Just-Enough-Time (JET) and Horizon signalling schemes for Optical Burst Switched Networks (OBS) are presented. These signaling schemes run over a core dWDM network and a network architecture based on Optical Burst Switches (OBS) is proposed to support IP, ATM and Burst traffic. In IP and ATM traffic several packets are assembled in a single packet called burst and the burst contention is handled by burst dropping. The burst length distribution in IP traffic is arbitrary between 0 and 1, and is fixed in ATM traffic at 0,5. Burst traffic on the other hand is arbitrary between 1 and 5. The Setup and Setup ack length distributions are arbitrary. We apply the Poisson model with rate λ and Self-Similar model with pareto distribution rate α to identify inter-arrival times in these protocols. We consider a communication between a source client node and a destination client node over an ingress and one or more multiple intermediate switches.We use buffering only in the ingress node. The communication is based on single burst connections in which, the connection is set up just before sending a burst and then closed as soon as the burst is sent. Our analysis accounts for several important parameters, including the burst setup, burst setup ack, keepalive messages and the optical switching protocol. We compare the performance of the three signalling schemes on the network under as burst dropping probability under a range of network scenarios.