Poria Fajri

A DC–DC Converter With High Voltage Gain and Two Input Boost Stages

A family of nonisolated high-voltage-gain dc-dc power electronic converters is proposed. The suggested topologies can be used as multiport converters and draw continuous current from two input sources. They can also draw continuous current from a single source in an interleaved manner. This versatility makes them appealing in renewable applications such as solar farms. The proposed converters can easily achieve a gain of 20 while benefiting from a continuous input current. Such a converter can individually link a PV panel to a 400-V dc bus. The design and component selection procedures are presented. A 400-W prototype of the proposed converter with Vin = 20 and Vout = 400 V has been developed to validate the analytical results.

Equivalent vehicle rotational inertia used for electric vehicle test bench dynamic studies

This paper provides an easy yet accurate approach for estimating vehicle inertia for the purpose of simulating the effect of vehicle inertia using a large flywheel. The method used to properly map the linear inertia of a vehicle to an equivalent rotational inertia is described in detail and an expression for equivalent rotational inertia of a vehicle is derived analytically using two different approaches considering kinetic energy of a moving mass in the linear and rotational context and vehicle dynamic equations. A MATLAB/Simulink model of a test bench consisting of a torque actuator connected to a large flywheel is used to emulate the effect of vehicle inertia. Using this model, the dynamic inertia effect of an electric vehicle on its traction motor is illustrated for two standard drive cycles. The results obtained from simulation are validated by ADVISOR to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating vehicle inertia and it is shown that the use of a flywheel with a calculated rotational inertia using the proposed method can be sufficient in emulating vehicle inertia effect on a test bench.

Emulating On-Road Operating Conditions for Electric-Drive Propulsion Systems

This paper provides a new approach for emulating road load conditions for an electric-drive vehicle (EDV) system on a test bench setup consisting of a drive motor (DM) connected to a dynamometer. Two different methods of EDV emulation are discussed, which are based on a predefined drive cycle and unpredictable driving behavior. The effect of total vehicle inertia is considered for both scenarios, and a control scheme is developed for each case based on vehicle equivalent rotational inertia. This method of EDV emulation not only takes into account all of the stress imposed on the DM due to vehicle inertia effect, but also allows electric vehicle emulation for any standard drive cycle, as well as undefined driving scenarios. Simulations are conducted for each case using a MATLAB/Simulink test bench model, and the results are validated using ADVISOR, a well-proven software package, to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. To investigate hardware-in-the-loop real-time performance, each method is applied to the experimental test platform, and the accuracy of the experimental results is compared to the results obtained from simulation.

Emulating electric vehicle regenerative and friction braking effect using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) motor/dynamometer test bench

This paper provides a new approach for emulating electric vehicle (EV) braking performance on a motor/dynamometer test bench. The brake force distribution between regenerative braking and friction braking of both the front and rear axles are discussed in detail. A brake controller is designed, which represents a very close model of an actual EV braking system and takes into account both regenerative and friction braking limitations. The proposed brake controller is then integrated into the existing controller of an EV Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test bench, and its performance is validated in real-time using the same experimental setup.

Modeling and Integration of Electric Vehicle Regenerative and Friction Braking for Motor/Dynamometer Test Bench Emulation

This paper provides a new approach for emulating electric vehicle (EV) braking performance on a motor/dynamometer test bench. The brake force distribution between regenerative braking and friction braking of both the front and rear axles are discussed in detail. A brake controller is designed, which represents a very close model of an actual EV braking system and takes into account both regenerative and friction braking limitations. The proposed brake controller is then integrated into the controller of an EV hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test bench, and its performance is validated in real-time. The effect of adding the brake model is further investigated by comparing the experimental HIL energy consumption results with those obtained from ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR (ADVISOR).

Development of an Educational Small-Scale Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Setup

In this paper, development of an educational small scale hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) learning module is discussed. The module is comprised of all the key components of an actual HEV that have been scaled down to provide an ideal test platform to evaluate and study hybrid power trains as well as simulate both electric and HEV systems. The test platform consists of low cost off-the-shelf RC parts controlled by Arduino microcontroller boards. LabVIEW is used as an interface to interact with the user, allowing power flow and energy analysis while simulating different drive cycles.

Performance improvement of a dc-dc converter feeding a telecommunication specific distributed power system using dynamic decoupling design

This work analyzes the stability of a distributed dc power system commonly used in telecommunication and data center applications and proposes a new design procedure based on dynamic decoupling of the effects of the downstream network on the upstream source converter. First, the small-signal model of the upstream converter is introduced. Next, the model of the downstream network is added to the converter model and the complete system model is extracted. Then, the loop gain of the upstream converter when it is feeding the downstream network and when it is feeding a single resistor is compared and the decoupling factor is found. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the design procedure.

Effect of brake power distribution on dynamic programming technique in plug-in series hybrid electric vehicle control strategy

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) control strategies have received much attention in recent years for their significant impact in reducing the overall fuel cost. Dynamic programming (DP) is a control method which calculates every possible outcome at each step to find out the optimal supervisory control trajectory. In this work, DP is applied to a PHEV control strategy using a backward looking powertrain model while demonstrating the effect of considering the regenerative braking power distribution. A case study with a Series PHEV model is considered using DP based powertrain control strategy with different drive cycles to demonstrate the importance of considering brake power distribution on the cost-to-go function of these vehicles. The simulation results show that there is significant deviation from the optimal trajectory especially in heavy stop and go traffic situations while brake power distribution is considered.

Multiple reference frame theory for harmonic compensation via doubly fed induction generators

This paper proposes a method of using multiple reference frame theory for harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads using a doubly fed induction generator. The most significant low-order harmonics to be compensated are calculated using a multiple reference frame harmonic observer. This method of measuring and compensating harmonics is accurate straightforward, easily implementable and effective in the mitigation of any harmonic in the system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of this proposed method. These results validate the effectiveness of the method in compensating the targeted harmonics in the system. The currents obtained in the fundamental reference frame can be further employed for control of active and reactive power flow.

Control approach based on equivalent vehicle rotational inertia suitable for motor-dynamometer test bench emulation of electric vehicles

In this paper, a test bench setup consisting of a drive motor connected to a dynamometer is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink for the purpose of emulating an electric vehicle drive system. Two different approaches of electric vehicle emulation are discussed which are based on predefined drive cycle and unpredictable driving behavior. The effect of total vehicle inertia is considered for both scenarios and a control scheme is developed for each case based on equivalent vehicle rotational inertia. Simulations are carried out for each case. Experimental test bench results are used to validate the overall effectiveness of this method.