Prince Kumar

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of relationship between mandibular third molar and angle fracture on North Indian population: A clinico-radiographic study

Objective: To assess the relationship between impacted mandibular third molar presence and the risk for mandibular angle fracture with the effect of various positions of mandibular third molar and the risk of mandibular angle fracture. Materials and Methods: In the North Indian territory, a total of 289 patients with mandibular angle fractures were studied and evaluated for the possible relationship with impacted third molar on the basis of clinical and panoramic radiographical findings. Results: Results that confirmed the highest risk for mandibular angle fracture was associated with mesioangular angulations (45.42%) followed by vertical (26.34%), distoangular in sequence and least risk was found with bucco-version angulations (2.67%) according to Winter′s classification. Additionally, the highest risk of mandibular angle fracture was reported with partially erupted third molar (47.75%), followed by erupted (23.53%) and unerupted third molar (19.38%). Conclusion: The risk for mandibular angle fracture is not only affected by status of eruption, angulations, position, number of roots present in third molar but also by the distance of mandibular third molar from inferior border of mandible and the percentage of remaining amount of bone at the mandibular angle region.

Recurrent case of central giant cell granuloma with multiple soft tissue involvement

Central giant cell granuloma is a fairly common lesion in the jaws aetiology of which is still completely unknown but thought to be of a reactive process to some unknown stimuli. It usually arises either peripherally in periodontal ligament, mucoperiosteum, or centrally in the bone. The histological hallmark for both peripheral and central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is the presence of distinctive multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) in a prominent fibrous stroma. Central giant cell granuloma is an uncommon benign proliferative lesion that almost exclusively occurs within the jaw. Eventually, it may become aggressive leading to the expansion and perforation of cortex resulting into mobility and displacement of teeth with root resorption. The present case focuses on the dilemma and perplexity in diagnosing aggressive CGCGs, due to its close proximity with respect to pathology, behavior and prognosis from giant cell tumors (GCT). Central giant cell granuloma persuaded extensive destruction to the hard and soft tissues with high rate of recurrence encourage us the need of exploring the possibilities of giant cell tumors having a definitive presence in the jaws.

Are All Odontogenic Keratocysts Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors? Correlation between Imaging Features and Epithelial Cell Proliferation

This study was to correlate and analyze the imaging features and epithelial cell proliferation pattern in different cases of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT) and study the role of inflammation using proliferative markers and different radiographic patterns of KCOT to determine its biological behavior. One hundred and eighty-six cases of KCOT were taken together and grouped based on radiographic patterns. Forty cases were randomly selected and stained using a proliferating cellular nuclear antigen marker. The correlation between imaging and epithelial proliferation with and without inflammation was determined. Unilocular variety is the most common type of KCOT, showing least epithelial proliferation of all the patterns. More than 50% of the multilocular KCOTs were associated with inflammation, showing an enhanced rate of epithelial proliferation. Results were subjected to statistical analysis. Different rates of epithelial proliferation of the different patterns suggested that all odontogenic keratocysts do not behave like tumors and that aggressive treatment should be reserved for selective cases only depending on radiographic and other histopathological parameters such as inflammation.

Triplication of deciduous teeth: A rare dental anomaly

Fusion of teeth is the union of two or more tooth germs, which are usually separated. Depending upon the stage of odontogenesis, it can be complete or incomplete. The present case describes fusion between the maxillary primary right central and lateral incisor with a supernumerary tooth. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed the presence of fused triple teeth. The fused teeth were extracted, sectioned and were visualized under stereomicroscope at three levels and the diagnosis of fusion of three teeth was confirmed histologically.

Residual monomer content of repair autopolymerizing resin after microwave postpolymerization treatment

Purpose: Acrylic resins are one of the extensively used materials in removable prosthodontics however; complete dentures are highly vulnerable to fracture after long periods of clinical use. The repair of fractured prosthesis can be accomplished using acrylic resins that are light polymerized, autopolymerized, heat polymerized or microwave polymerized. Aim: To evaluate the residual monomer content of three different repair autoploymerising resins processed by two different polymerization techniques after microwave postpolymerization treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was executed with fabrication of a metal die and sixty test specimens of three different materials. The specimens were cured with conventional method and using pressure pot. After this the specimens were tested for residual monomer content using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results and Conclusion: Results confirmd that their residual monomer content decreased by subjecting them to another cycle of polymerization in microwave at 550 watts for 3 minutes.

Spectrophotometric evaluation of the color changes of different feldspathic porcelains after exposure to commonly consumed beverages

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare color stability and surface topography of three different feldspathic porcelains both qualitatively and quantitatively after exposure to routinely consumed beverages over different time periods using a Spectrophotometer, Stereomicroscope and Surface roughness tester, respectively. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 plastic discs were casted to obtain metal dies for three different newer ceramic applications each on thirty samples. The color and surface roughness of these samples were measured using stereomicroscope and surface roughness tester following which they were kept in different test solutions for different durations and revaluated for color changes and surface roughness in the similar manner. Results and Conclusion: Among all the five test solutions, Coffee showed the maximum staining of the ceramic whereas maximum surface roughness was shown by the Duceram Kiss (1.48 μm) by Orange Juice which could be due to its high titratable acidity.

De-novo squamous cell carcinoma of an edentulous ridge

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy affecting the oral cavity which is usually associated with habit of smoking and smokeless tobacco. It occurs more frequently in males, usually in the 5 th -6 th decade of life. The current case is presented in an elderly female with no habit history and the diagnosis was based on the clinical and histopathological examination. Hence, we emphasize that patients with ulcers without any habit history should not be overlooked, and biopsy is deemed necessary for such cases.

Oral cancer as a leading annoyance of the South Asian territory: An epidemiologic and clinical review

Oral cancer is one of the most fatal health problems faced by the mankind today. In India, because of cultural, ethnic, geographic factors, and the popularity of addictive habits, the frequency of oral cancer is high. It ranks number one in terms of incidence among men and third among women. Several factors such as tobacco and tobacco-related products, alcohol, genetic predisposition, and hormonal factors are suspected as possible causative factors. The exciting opportunity provided by the well-established oral precancerous lesions for intervention and early detection programs is also discussed. The poor survival revealed by existing studies is mainly due to the overwhelming proportion of advanced cases. The excellent opportunity for more research and efforts in prevention and control of oral cancer in India is highlighted in this review. Here authors sought to epidemiologically review oral cancer in South Asian province with special focus on major risk factors and future perspectives.

Sex hormones in head and neck cancer: Current knowledge and perspectives

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is an increasing problem worldwide. Oral carcinogenesis is a highly complex multifocal process. Molecular mechanisms contributing to initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are still poorly known. Endocrine microenvironment is another imperative factor beside other well-documented risk factors like tobacco smoking, alcohol and infections in causing cancers of head and neck. These endocrine hormones play a role in tumor progression in case of cancers characteristically expressing sex hormone receptors, and it has been proven that these receptors also reside outside the sex organs in the larynx and lungs. However, the role of sex hormones in HNC is controversial, and few studies have been conducted to delineate their role in HNC. So, this review article is an attempt to draw an attention towards the potential role of sex hormones in pathogenesis of HNC and potential therapeutic modalities to prevent onset and progression of cancer.

Oral myiasis involving palatal mucosa of a young female.

In literal terms myiasis is the invasion of the tissues and organs of human beings by fly larvae. This phenomenon is well documented in the skin, especially among animals and people in developed and developing countries. When the tissues of oral cavity are invaded by the parasitic larvae of flies, the condition is called as oral myiasis. With the paper we are presenting a case of 19-year-old female suffering from oral myiasis of upper lip and palate. The treatment consisted of manual removal of the larvae, surgical debridement of the wound and oral therapy with doxycycline used as a locally acting drug for faster and better recovery.