Pu Fu-cho

SPECIFIC HEAT OF A HEISENBERG SYSTEM WITH FINITE SIZE

Based upon the spin wave theory, the influence of the size of a three-dimensional Heisenberg system on its thermodynamic properties was studied. It is found that the specific heat increases due to the finite size and free surface of the system. For a magnetic film with finite thickness, the interaction of spin waves was also discussed. There exist three additional scattering processes, namely, the scattering between spin waves with wave-vectors parallel to the surface of the film (two-dimensional spin wave), the scattering between two and three-dimensional waves, and the scattering between those waves with the same component in the direction along the thickness of the film. As a result, the T4 term, arising from the coupling of spin waves, in the expression of the specific heat of the system, splits into three parts proportional to T5/2, T7/2 and T4, respectively. Here T is the temperature.

Solitons in the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model

An effective Hamiltonian of the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model is derived by using the Holstein-Primakoff transformation. Three nonlinear coupled partial equations of motion are obtained. In the long-wavelength approximation, these equations are reduced to the envelope function equations by the method of multiple scales. The amplitude functions satisfy the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Introducing an inverse scattering transformation, the single-, two- and multi-soliton solutions in the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model are investigated.

Interlayer exchange coupling in complex magnetic multilayers

We extend the hole confinement model of Edwards et al. to the problem of two kinds of complex magnetic sandwich structures. One is the magnetic sandwich covered on both sides by nonmagnetic films (case 1) and the other is that covered by magnetic films (case 2). The interlayer exchange coupling and the angular dependence of coupling energy in the two cases are investigated systematically. For case 1, our results show that the magnetic and outer nonmagnetic films influence significantly the oscillation behavior of exchange coupling and the appearance of noncollinear exchange coupling is very sensitive to the thickness of magnetic and outer nonmagnetic layers. Our results also show that the nonoscillatory component of the coupling generally varies with the thickness of magnetic (outer nonmagnetic) films and the results in the case where the thickness of both magnetic (outer nonmagnetic) films vary simultaneously are significantly different from that in the case where the thickness of one of the two magnetic (outer nonmagnetic) films is fixed while the other is varied, which is qualitatively in agreement with the experimental measurements. For case 2, the exponential dependence of exchange coupling on the thickness of the intermagnetic layer has been obtained, similar to the Parkins experimental results for giant magnetoresistance.

PATH INTEGRAL CALCULATION OF QUANTUM TUNNELING FOR CUBIC POTENTIAL AT FINITE TEMPERATURE

The periodic instanton method is used to study the decay rates of metastable ground state and excited states of the cubic potential. The imaginary part of the energy is calculated through the standard procedure in the path-integral scheme. A formula of the decay rate valid for the entire region of energy is obtained. This formula provides a linkage between classical thermal activation at high temperatures and purely quantum tunneling at zero temperature. It is shown that in the low energy limit this more general result reduces exactly to the vacuum result. The temperature dependence of the decay rate agrees with earlier works in the literature.

Tunnel magnetoresistance in the ferromagnetic tunnel junction with ferromagnetic layers of finite thickness subjected to an electric field

Based on the two-band model, we investigate the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in ferromagnet/insulator(semiconductor)/ferromagnet(FM/I(S)/FM) tunnel junction covered on both sides by nonmagnetic metal layers subjected to an electric field. Our results show that TMR oscillates with the thickness of ferromagnetic layers owing to the quantum-size effect and can reach very large value under suitable conditions, which may in general not be reached in FM/I(S)/FM with infinitely thick ferromagnetic layer. Although the electric field causes the change of the oscillation period, phase and amplitude of the TMR, a large TMR is still obtained in some situations with the electric field. Furthermore, the electric field does not change the feature that TMR varies monotonously with the change of magnetization angle of the middle ferromagnetic layer.

Quantum Inverse Scattering Method for an Integrable Model

The exact eigenstates of the Hamiltonian for a quantum three-wave interaction system with boson-fermion operators are constructed by the quantum inverse scattering method. The Bethe-ansatz equations are obtained from the periodic boundary conditions.

SOLVABLE BOSON-FERMION MODEL FOR MIXED-VALENCE SYSTEMS

Using the Bethe ansatz technique, the exact eigenstates of the Hamiltonian of the boson-fermion model for mixed-valence systems are constructed. The Bethe ansatz equations are obtained from the periodic boundary conditions.

Temperature Effect on Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Multilayers

We have presented the electronic free energy with respect to the magnetization and the model of the electronic density of states. The expression of the giant magnetoresistance has been obtained by considering the spin splitting of the electronic energy band. Our approach explained the temperature effect on the giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers.

Iterative semiclassical solutions of CIP giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers with mixed layers taken into account

The problem of solving semiclassically the current in-plane (CIP) giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers with mixed layers taken into account is comprehensively studied. The solution of this problem is attributed to the solution of G-coefficients. A new choice of local spin quantization-axes is adopted so that the number of G-coefficients is reduced from Johnson-Camleys 4(5n + 1) to our 4(4n + 1). Furthermore, we show that actually only a half number of G-coefficients need be sloved for the symmetric structure and a superlattice can be simplified to a symmetric penta-layered structure. The main result of this paper is the establishment of the iteration method for solving the G-coefficients. Associating this method with that of numerical integration, for which a formulism is developed, the GMR can be conveniently calculated.

Giant magnetoresistance of magnetic superlattices: quantum size effect

In this paper the quantum size effect in giant magnetoresistance of magnetic superlattices is studied. The electrons are considered to be confined in a set of quantum wells, which are different for the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering in magnetic superlattices. The oscillation of giant magnetoresistance with increasing thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer layer is explained. It is shown that the influence of quantum size effects on the giant magnetoresistance of magnetic superlattices is considerable.