Publio Cesar Cavalcante Viana

Supporting prostate cancer focal therapy: a multidisciplinary International Consensus of Experts (“ICE”)

Abstract: Prostate cancer is a common malignancy among men, and the current screening, imaging and sampling approaches aim to detect early-stage, organ-confined disease. In such scenario, focal prostate cancer therapy currently relies on the index lesion concept as the dominant lesion that drives the disease natural history. Focal therapy demands the essential imaging and sampling techniques to strategically locate and qualify the disease, but, despite advances in technology, prostate imaging and biopsy have several limitations that need to be overcome if focal therapy is to be developed further. The I Prostate Cancer Focal Treatment International Symposium was convened to foster discussion on this topic that sits at the crossroads of multiple disciplines (Urology, Pathology, Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology) all of which were represented for this comprehensive multidisciplinary review of the current literature.

Sarcoma de Kaposi relacionado à síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida: características do comprometimento hepático na tomografia computadorizada e na ressonância magnética

Kaposi sarcoma is a neoplasm associated with immunosuppressive conditions, and involving blood and lymphatic vessels. It is the most frequent intrahepatic neoplasm in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrate multiple small nodules, prominence and contrast-enhancement of periportal branches due to the presence of the neoplastic tissue. The authors report a case of a 47-year-old male patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting disseminated Kaposi sarcoma.

Abdominal manifestations of fishbone perforation: a pictorial essay.

PurposeThe present article provides an overview of the spectrum of abdominal presentations of fishbone (FB) ingestion and its complications.MethodsIn image data from 9 patients, FB perforations were found in different levels of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including duodenal, jejunal, and sigmoid perforations; in 4 asymptomatic patients, FBs were observed in the mesentery, falciform ligament, and intestinal bowel.ResultsThe main imaging features of FB perforation were focal gastric or intestinal wall thickening, fat stranding, bowel obstruction, ascites, localized pneumoperitoneum, intra-abdominal abscess, liver abscess, and a linear hyperdense structure in the abdominal cavity in the GIT or within a parenchymal organ often surrounded by inflammatory changes. Free pneumoperitoneum was rare.ConclusionAlthough in most cases, a FB does not cause any serious complications, an inflammatory process and complications may occur when it perforates the stomach or bowel loops. Radiologists need to be aware of the possibility of FB perforation, especially in high-risk patients, because it is not always considered in the differential diagnosis by referring physicians and can mimic other inflammatory conditions and tumoral lesions.

Safety and feasibility of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of Bosniak IV renal cysts.

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe our initial experience with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of Bosniak IV renal cysts. Materials and Methods From 2010 to 2014, 154 renal tumor cases were treated with percutaneous thermal ablation, of which 10 cases (6.4%) from nine patients were complex renal cysts and were treated with radiofrequency ablation. Results All complex cysts were classified as Bosniak IV (four women and five men; mean age: 63.6 yrs, range: 33–83 years). One patient had a single kidney. Lesion size ranged from 1.5 to 4.1cm (mean: 2.5cm) and biopsy was performed on four cysts immediately before the procedure, all of which were malignant (two clear cell and two papillary carcinoma). Mean volume reduction of complex cysts was 25% (range: 10–40%). No patients required retreatment with RFA and no immediate or late complications were observed. The follow-up of Bosniak IV cysts had a median of 27 months (interquartile range [IQR], 23 to 38) and no recurrence or significant loss of renal function were observed. Conclusions Mid-term follow-up of the cases in our database suggests that image-guided percutaneous RFA can treat Bosniak IV cysts with very low complication rates and satisfactorily maintain renal function.

Eosinophilic Solid and Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Imaging Features of a Novel Neoplasm

Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC RCC) is a recently described entity with distinct clinical, pathologic, and molecular features. However, the radiological aspects of ESC RCC have not been characterized. In this report, we describe the imaging findings of 2 ESC RCCs. We found 2 distinct imaging patterns that varied depending on histopathologic features (solid or cystic predominance). In conclusion, it is important to know the imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation of this novel neoplasm to increase its recognition and to improve the decision-making process.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Role of Imaging in Diagnosis and Detection of Complications: Gastrointestinal Imaging

This online presentation describes a didactic way to learn the distinct and overlapping clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics of the two major conditions related to inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease.

Systemic Air Embolism after Percutaneous Lung Biopsy: A Manageable Complication

CT-guided percutaneous biopsy is a resourceful and widely used tool to evaluate pulmonary nodules that frequently avoids costly and unnecessary surgeries. Severe complications occur in less than 1% of cases and include gas embolism, which is rarely documented. We report a case of gas embolism after transthoracic biopsies and discuss the pathophysiology and the benefits of early diagnosis and proper management.