Qamar Ali

A Comparison of Learning Processes and Practices between Manufacturing and Services Sectors of Pakistan

The objective of this study was to examine the extent of concrete learning processes and practices in manufacturing and services sectors of Pakistan. On the other hand, this study also compares the degrees of concrete learning processes and practices in these two sectors. Five essential factors relating to concrete learning processes and practices were studied. These factors included twenty nine variables for which Mean were calculated. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the information from respondents. Arithmetic Mean, reliability and factor analysis were applied on data by using SPSS. Results revealed that there was a need to improve the ways of concrete learning processes and practices in both sectors i.e. manufacturing and services. There was no significant discrepancy between scores gained by both sectors. So, it can be derived that the level of concrete learning processes and practices is almost same in both sectors and needs improvement.

Economic analysis of open field chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) production in Punjab, Pakistan

Vegetable are a basic component of food security and necessary to meet the increasing food demand of increasing population. Present study was designed to explore the cost, revenue and modeling of revenue with different inputs in open field capsicum/bell pepper production in Punjab, Pakistan. Total 70 respondents were interviewed with stratified random sampling in 2014. Total cost (Rs. 277,064.82) was higher for small farmers and it was followed by large (Rs. 258,178.11) and medium (Rs. 256,496.42) farmers. Total production (21,209.27 kg acre -1 ), average price (Rs. 25.33 per kg) and revenue (Rs. 537,264.67 acre -1 ) were higher for small farmers. According to BCR, medium farmer received Rs. 2.02 by investing rupee one in this activity followed by small (Rs. 1.94) and large (Rs. 1.70) farmers. Result showed a positive impact on revenue due to education, experience in capsicum production, extension services and labor cost. The revenue coefficient was negative for land preparation and chemical cost. Model was appropriate according to R 2 (0.707) and f-value (16.006). Unstable prices, less extension services, disease attack and impure inputs were main problems. Government should eliminate these problems and improve the technical knowledge/training of farmers. Government should ensure the quality of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, sprays and seed. Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan 1 , Qamar Ali 2,* , Muhammad Ashfaq 3 and Muhammad Waseem 4

How complex domination enables selection: Academic hiring conventions in a Pakistani university

The heterogeneity of criteria and of the faculty members involved in assessing candidates for academic positions raises the question how colleagues can find a common operational mode that enables t...