Qie Sun

A Comprehensive Review of Smart Energy Meters in Intelligent Energy Networks

The significant increase in energy consumption and the rapid development of renewable energy, such as solar power and wind power, have brought huge challenges to energy security and the environment, which, in the meantime, stimulate the development of energy networks toward a more intelligent direction. Smart meters are the most fundamental components in the intelligent energy networks (IENs). In addition to measuring energy flows, smart energy meters can exchange the information on energy consumption and the status of energy networks between utility companies and consumers. Furthermore, smart energy meters can also be used to monitor and control home appliances and other devices according to the individual consumers instruction. This paper systematically reviews the development and deployment of smart energy meters, including smart electricity meters, smart heat meters, and smart gas meters. By examining various functions and applications of smart energy meters, as well as associated benefits and costs, this paper provides insights and guidelines regarding the future development of smart meters.

Analysis of secondary energy in China’s iron and steel industry – An approach of industrial metabolism

ABSTRACT This study developed a conceptual model based on the industrial metabolism approach and the generic model can be used to analyze the energy flows for the iron and steel (Is) industry. based on the general situation of china’s is industry, the energy flows with the focus on secondary energy reuse were analyzed for each of the is production process. by applying the model to a china’s is enterprise, it was found that corporation a recovered and reused 46.6% of its secondary energy in 2010, while there was still a large potential of secondary energy to explore, i.e. about 25.7 × 1015 joule. concerning the general situation in china’s is industry, over 1500 × 1015 joule of secondary energy could be further recovered, without the need of technological breakthroughs or unaffordable investments.