Qing-Hua Min

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 facilitates pancreatic cancer progression through negative modulation of miR-506-3p.

Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in tumourigenesis. Increasing evidence has suggested that lncRNA NEAT1 has been implicated in various types of human cancer. However, the potential biological roles and regulatory mechanisms of NEAT1 in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. Here, we found that the expression level of NEAT1 was higher in PC tissues compared to the corresponding non-tumor tissues. Besides, our findings indicate that high NEAT1 expression level is closely correlated with tumor progression and poor survival in PC patients. Furthermore, we also found that knockdown of NEAT1 remarkably suppressed cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis promotion in PC cells. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that NEAT1 directly bound to the miR-506-3p, which has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor in diverse cancers. Additionally, our results confirmed that the tumor-promoting effects of NEAT1 in PC cells is at least partly through negative modulation of miR-506-3p. Overall, our results suggested that NEAT1 functions as an oncogenic lncRNA in PC, which could be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for PC.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio are 2 new inflammatory markers associated with pulmonary involvement and disease activity in patients with dermatomyositis

BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have emerged as useful biomarkers to predict systemic inflammation. However, there is no study to investigate the relationship between the biomarkers and dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS Seventy-three newly diagnosed patients with DM and 147 healthy subjects were selected in this retrospective study. We divided the 73 DM patients into 2 groups: 55 without interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 18 with ILD. Complete clinical characteristics were extracted from the medical records of DM patients. The correlations between NLR, PLR, the clinical characteristics and the disease activity were analyzed. RESULTS For DM patients without ILD, the NLR and PLR were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P<0.001). For DM patients with ILD, the NLR and PLR were higher than in DM patients without ILD (P=0.004 and P=0.026, respectively). The NLR was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (r=0.543, P<0.001) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r=0.513, P=0.001). The global activity scores correlated positively and significantly with NLR, PLR, and CRP (r=0.486, P<0.001; r=0.240, P=0.041; and r=0.343, P=0.003, respectively). Based on the ROC curve, to predict DM patients with ILD, the best cut-off value of the NLR was 3.98 (sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 52.7%, AUC=0.727), and the best cutoff value of PLR was 221.69 (sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 69.1%, AUC=0.722). CONCLUSIONS Both NLR and PLR exhibit favorable diagnostic performance in predicting pulmonary involvement and disease activity in patients with DM. We provide the optimal cut-off values for DM patients with ILD that would maximize the diagnostic efficiency.

Identification of differential expressed PE exosomal miRNA in lung adenocarcinoma, tuberculosis, and other benign lesions.

Abstract Pleural effusion (PE) is a common clinical complication of many pulmonary and systemic diseases, including lung cancer and tuberculosis. Nevertheless, there is no clinical effective biomarker to identify the cause of PE. We attempted to investigate differential expressed exosomal miRNAs in PEs of lung adenocarcinoma (APE), tuberculous (TPE), and other benign lesions (NPE) by using deep sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As a result, 171 differentiated miRNAs were observed in 3 groups of PEs, and 11 significantly differentiated exosomal miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR. We identified 9 miRNAs, including miR-205-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-375, miR-200c-3p, miR-429, miR-200b-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-141-3p which were preferentially represented in exosomes derived from APE when compared with TPE or NPE, while 3 miRNAs, including miR-148a-3p, miR-451a, and miR-150-5p, were differentially expressed between TPE and NPE. These different miRNAs profiles may hold promise as biomarkers for differential diagnosis of PEs with more validation based on larger cohorts.

Exosomes derived from imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cells mediate a horizontal transfer of drug-resistant trait by delivering miR-365

&NA; Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant disorder of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Majority of patients can be effectively treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib, but a portion of patients will develop drug resistance. Accumulated evidences have identified exosomes in cancer as promoters of tumor progression. Herein, we found that exosomes derived from imatinib resistant CML cells can be internalized into sensitive CML cells and confer drug‐resistance traits. We also demonstrated a significant higher level of miR‐365 in exosomes derived from drug‐resistant CML cells compared with those from sensitive ones using microarray and qRT‐PCR. The imatinib sensitive CML cells transfected with pre‐miR‐365 displayed lower chemosensitivity and apoptosis rate compared with controls. We further confirmed that exosomal transfer of miR‐365 induced drug resistance by inhibiting expression of pro‐apoptosis protein in sensitive CML cells. In conclusion, our study reveals that exosomes mediate a horizontal transfer of drug‐resistant trait in chronic myeloid leukemia cell by delivering miR‐365.

Differential expression and alternative splicing of cell cycle genes in imatinib-treated K562 cells

Cancer progression often involves the disorder of the cell cycle, and a number of effective chemotherapeutic drugs have been shown to induce cell cycle arrest. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate the effects of imatinib on the expression profile of cell cycle genes in the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cell line. In addition, we also investigated alternative splicing of the cell cycle genes affected by imatinib, since an important relationship has been shown to exist between RNA splicing and cell cycle progression. Exon array analysis was performed using total RNA purified from normal and imatinib-treated K562 cells. We identified 185 differentially expressed genes and 277 alternative splicing events between the two cell groups. A detailed analysis by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) of key genes confirmed the experimental results of the exon array. These results suggested that treatment of K562 cells with imatinib shifts the expression and alternative splicing profiles of several cell cycle-related genes. Importantly, these findings may help improve imatinib treatment strategies in patients with CML and may be useful for imatinib resistance research and CML drug development.

Differential expression of urinary exosomal microRNAs in IgA nephropathy

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis in the world. Reliable biomarkers are required for the non‐invasive diagnosis and monitoring of IgAN. This study aims to investigate the difference in urinary exosomal microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles between patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and healthy controls, which may provide clues to identify novel potential non‐invasive miRNA biomarkers for renal diseases.

Association Between TNF-α -308G/A Polymorphism and Risk of Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have investigated the association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) -308G/A polymorphism and risk of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but the reported results have been inconsistent. Thus, a systematic meta-analysis was performed to resolve this discrepancy. METHODS Electronic databases and the cited references of the obtained published articles were manually searched. Quality assessment of each study was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). All case-control studies were used to assess the strength of the association. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 12.0. RESULTS Eight high-quality studies, including 947 patients and 1911 controls, were selected for the final meta-analysis. There was no significant association between TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism and ITP in overall and Asian populations. However, a significant positive association was observed between them in the dominant genetic model (AA+AG versus GG) in the Caucasian population (OR = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.71, PH = 0.173). CONCLUSIONS Our finding suggested that TNF-α -308G/A might be involved in development of ITP in the Caucasian population, but not in the Asian population. Among Caucasians the A allele (AA+AG) was associated with ITP. However, larger-scale studies are required to confirm our findings.

Two new inflammatory markers associated with disease activity score-28 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Albumin to fibrinogen ratio and C-reactive protein to albumin ratio

Background The albumin to fibrinogen ratio (AFR) and C‐reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) have emerged as useful biomarkers to predict systemic inflammation. The aim here is to investigate the relation between AFR/CAR and Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS 28) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods This retrospective study included 160 patients with RA and 159 healthy controls. We divided the RA patients into two groups according to the DAS 28‐ESR score. Group 1 included 40 patients with a score of lower than 2.6 (patients in remission) and Group 2 included 120 patients with a score of 2.6 or higher (patients with active disease). The correlations between AFR, CAR and the disease activity were analyzed. Results For RA patients, the AFR was lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). Patients in group 2 had higher CAR than those in group 1 (P < 0.001). The AFR was lower in group 2 than that in group 1. A positively correlation was observed between DAS 28‐ESR score and CAR (r = 0.645, P < 0.001), while the correlation between DAS 28‐ESR and AFR (r = −0.836, P < 0.001) was negative. AFR was related with decreased risk of RA disease activity (EXP (B) = 0.33, 95% CI (0.21–0.53), P < 0.001). Conclusions AFR and CAR are two novel inflammatory markers for monitoring disease activity in patients with RA. HighlightsAFR were lower and CAR were higher in RA patients with active disease.AFR and CAR were significantly correlated with NLR, PLR, CRP and ESR in RA patients.AFR was related with decreased risk of RA disease activity.AFR and CAR were novel inflammatory markers for diagnosing RA disease activity.