R. Basar

Histopathological changes and nitric oxide synthase activity in corpus cavernosum from rats with neurogenic erectile dysfunction.

To investigate changes in histology and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in cavernosal tissues from rats with neurogenic erectile dysfunction induced experimentally.

Frequency of septum pellucidum anomalies in non-psychotic population: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

This prospective MRI investigation was performed to investigate septum pellucidum (SP) anomalies in 505 (242 male, 263 female) non-psychotic persons. The mean age of the population was 39.179±0.904 (40.461±1.395 male, 38±1.166 female). There was no significant difference between the means of age in the male and female groups (t-test, DF=479, p>0.05). The SP anomalies were classified as cavitation anomalies (Type I) and absence of the SP (Type II). Type I anomalies were subdivided into four groups as isolated cavum septi pellucidi (Ia), cavum septi pellucidi et cavum vergae (Ib), anterior small triangular cavities (Ic), and cysts of the SP (Id). The incidences of the anomalies (Type I+Type II) were 17.31%, 1.89%, 7.55%, 3.53%, 7%, 4.55%, 4.76% and 6.06% for the age groups of 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 years respectively. The anomalies were very significantly more frequent in the 0-9 years age group than in the other age groups (chi2=9.7858, DF=1, p<0.05). The incidences of the anomalies (Type I+Type II) were 6.34%, 5.37%, 7.22% for the whole, male, and female populations, respectively. These values were 1.39%, 1.65% and 1.14% for Type Ia, 2.77%, 2.89% and 2.66% for Type Ib, and 1.78%, 0.83% and 2.66% for Type Ic. Both Type Id and II anomalies were determined in only one case for each group in females (0.2%). There was no significant difference between the incidences of the anomalies in both sexes (chi2=0.45, DF=1, p>0.05).

Comparative Study between Corpus Cavernosum-Electromyography Findings and Electron Microscopy of Cavernosal Muscle Biopsies in Erectile Dysfunction Patients

Background: Biopsy and electrical activity recordings of the corpus cavernosum are 2 new diagnostic methods for the evaluation of impotent men. We evaluated the corpus cavernosum ultrastructure and electromyography (EMG) recordings from patients with erectile dysfunction.

The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve

The peripheral, extraparotid course and localisation of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial n. is described, with variations, based on the dissection of 40 cadaver half heads. Its anatomical relationships with the ramus of mandible and facial a. are studied and morphometric features are reported. Knowledge of the accurate course and relationship of the marginal mandibular branch should help to protect this nerve from surgical injury.

Early effects of extracorporeal shock‐wave lithotripsy exposure on testicular sperm morphology

Objective: To investigate the effects of extracorporeal shock‐wave lithotripsy (ESWL) applied to the pelvic region on testicular histology and spermatogenesis. Material and Methods: ESWL (2000 shock waves over a 20‐min period at 18 kV) was applied to 12 adult New Zealand male rabbits. The rabbits were divided into three equal groups: those in Group 1 were sacrificed 1 h after the intervention, those in Group 2 were sacrificed on the 3rd day and those in Group 3 were sacrificed on the 7th day. Both testicles were removed for histopathological examination to investigate the effects of ESWL. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to detect ultrastructural changes. Epididymal and testicular touch‐print preparations were stained with SperMac ® stain in order to evaluate the morphology of the spermatozoa. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of sperm morphology (p = 0.386). TEM revealed only huge vacuolation of Sertoli cells and diffuse edema in the mitochondria of Sertoli cells. Conclusion: No detrimental effect of ESWL on sperm morphology was detected in this study. We conclude that shock waves do not cause severe permanent effects but only transient disorders in testes.

Electron microscopic findings of penile tissues in veno-occlusive dysfunction: Is penile biopsy necessary?

In this study, we examined the biopsy patterns of penile tissues taken during operation from patients subjected to surgical treatment for veno-occlusive dysfunction, and evaluated the importance of penile biopsy.We evaluated the findings from 17 patients with venous impotence. Fourteen of them underwent total vein ligation and the rest penile prosthesis implantation. Tissue speciments taken from superficial and deep dorsal veins, tunica albuginea and corpus cavernosum during operation were examined under electron microscope. Tissue specimens taken from 3 cadavers were used as the control group.Although the deep and superficial vein specimens of all patients did not show significant differences, oedema and increase of fibroblasts in collagen fibres of the corpus cavernosum and tunica albuginea were demonstrated.We concluded that penile biopsy as an invasive method does not give enough information about the choice of treatment for erectile dysfunction.