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American Journal of Cardiology | 1991

Determination of left atrial area and volume by cross-sectional echocardiography in healthy infants and children

R. Hofstetter; Peter Bartz-Bazzanella; Heiner Kentrup; Götz von Bernuth

Part 1 of the study measured the end-systolic and end-diastolic left atrial (LA) areas and volumes in 30 children through sector echocardiography, and compared these values with those obtained with biplane angiocardiography. A strong correlation exists between the LA area in the frontal plane as determined by apical (r greater than 0.91) and subcostal (r greater than 0.98) echocardiography on the one hand and by angiocardiography on the other. However, there is a slight underestimation of the LA area by the apical 4-chamber view. LA volume as determined by subcostal sector echocardiography in the frontal and sagittal plane also correlated well with LA volume calculated with biplane angiocardiography (r greater than 0.97). Part 2 of the study determined LA areas and volumes in 74 healthy newborns and infants by echocardiography and related them to body weight and body surface area, thus obtaining normal values for this age group. The relation of the LA area and volume measurements in newborns and infants to body weight or surface area was best described by a linear function. The mean of the percentage of systolic-diastolic area diminution was 53 +/- 6% for the apical 4-chamber view and 50 +/- 4% for the subcostal 4-chamber view. LA ejection fraction determined by the subcostal biplane volume measurements was 62 +/- 7% (mean +/- standard deviation). These values were independent of body weight or surface area.


Heart | 1973

Temporal sequence of right and left atrial contractions during spontaneous sinus rhythm and paced left atrial rhythm.

Gustav Georg Belz; G. von Bernuth; R. Hofstetter; D Röhl; Martin Stauch

Thesequenceofright andleft atrial contractions wasanalysed in8patients during spontaneous sinus rhythm andpaced left atrial rhythm. During sinus rhythm, thebeginning orpeakoftheright atrial a waveinvariably preceded thebeginning orpeakoftheleft atrial a wavebyamedian of32and34msec,respectively. During paced left atrial rhythm, thebeginning orpeakoftheright atrial a waveregularly followed thebeginning orpeakoftheleft atrial a wavebyamedian of96and92msec,respectively. Theinversion ofthe normalsequenceofatrial contractions may beused toconfirm theexistence ofa spontaneous left atrial rhythm which otherwise can onlybesuspected byquestionable electrocardiographic criteria. Theincreased time


Heart | 1982

Computer analysis of cardiac contractility variables obtained by M-mode echocardiography in normal newborns.

R. Hofstetter; A. Mayr; G. von Bernuth

There are few echocardiographic studies which examine ventricular cavity and wall dimensions as well as ventricular function in normal newborn infants. We investigated the M-mode echocardiograms of 60 normal newborn infants aged 3 to 6 days using computer analysis. Using the same method, we examined in addition left ventricular cavity dimensions and contractility variables of 15 healthy newborn infants sequentially during the first hour of life. The left and right ventricular diameters, their systolic shortening fraction and maximal rate of change, as well as the thickness of the interventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall were found to be comparable to previously published values. In addition, we found that the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and the systolic shortening fraction of the left ventricular diameter increase significantly during the first hour of life. This increase is probably because of the postnatal increase in left ventricular volume and pressure work.


Journal of Molecular Medicine | 1978

Plasma-Digoxin-Konzentration in verschiedenen Altersstufen

D. Lang; R. Hofstetter; G. von Bernuth

SummaryPlasma digoxin concentration during maintenance therapy with digoxin was determined in premature and mature newborns, infants, children and adults. The plasma digoxin concentration of newborns was significantly higher than in adults; in addition, in the group of premature newborns it also was higher than in infants and children. These differences in plasma digoxin concentrations may be explained by differences in dose, volume of distribution and excretion rate of digoxin in the various age groups.ZusammenfassungWir untersuchten die Plasma-Digoxin-Konzentrationen während der Erhaltungstherapie mit Digoxin bei unreifen und reifen Neugeborenen, Säuglingen, Kindern und Erwachsenen. Die Plasma-Digoxin-Konzentration der Neugeborenen war signifikant höher als diejenige der Erwachsenen; zusätzlich in der Gruppe der unreifen Neugeborenen auch höher als bei Säuglingen und Kindern. Diese Unterschiede in den Plasma-Digoxin-Konzentrationen erklären sich durch Unterschiede in der Dosis, dem Verteilungsraum und der Exkretionsrate von Digoxin in den einzelnen Altersgruppen.


Journal of Molecular Medicine | 1976

Serum digoxin concentration and half-life in newborns

D. Lang; Gustav Georg Belz; R. Hofstetter; U. Töllner; G. von Bernuth

ZusammenfassungBei 9 reifen Neugeborenen wurden nach 7tägiger Digoxin-Behandlung Serum-Spiegel und Halbwertszeit von Digoxin radioimmunologisch ermittelt. Die Behandlung erfolgte wegen eines Atemnotsyndroms, das mit kontinuierlich positivem Atemwegsdruck behandelt wurde, oder wegen Verdachts auf schwerwiegenden angeborenen Herzfehler. Die Sättigungsdosis betrug 26 µg/kg bei intravenöser bzw. 35 µg/kg bei oraler Applikation. Die Erhaltungsdosis betrug zweimal täglich 1/8 der Aufsättigungsdosis.Die Digoxin-Spiegel 12 h nach der letzten Dosis variierten zwischen 1.4 und 2.5 ng/ml (Mittelwert 2.0 ng/ml, Sx=0.4), die Halbwertszeit zwischen 21.7 und 42.4 h (Mittelwert 30.0 h, Sx=7.7). Die mittlere Halbwertszeit von 30 h liegt in einer Größenordnung, wie sie bei nierengesunden Erwachsenen gefunden wird. Man kann daher vermuten, daß die im Vergleich zum Erwachsenen gewöhnlich höheren Serum-Digoxin-Spiegel des Neugeborenen Folge einer höheren Digoxindosis pro kg Körpergewicht und nicht einer verminderten Elimination sind.SummarySerum digoxin concentration and half-life were radioimmunologically determined in 9 mature newborns after 7 days medication with digoxin. The newborns were in respiratory distress treated with continuous positive airway pressure or were suspected to have serious congenital heart disease. Loading dose was 26 µg/kg body weight intravenously and 35 µg/kg body weight orally, respectively. Maintenance dose corresponded to 1/8th of the digitalization dose twice daily.The serum digoxin level 12 h after the last dose varied between 1.4 and 2.5 ng/ml (mean 2.0 ng/ml, Sx=0.4). The serum half-life of digoxin varied between 21.7 and 42.4 h (mean 30.0 h, Sx=7.7). The mean serum half-life of digoxin of 30 h attained values found in adults without renal disease. This suggests that the serum digoxin levels of newborns which are usually higher if compared with those of adults result from higher digoxin doses per unit body weight and not from diminished digoxin elimination.


Archive | 1985

Normalwerte des linksventrikulären Volumens sowie der herznahen großen Gefäße aus dem Sektorechokardiogramm bei Kindern

R. Hofstetter; N. Lejeune; T. Ortmann; K. Prünte; G. von Bernuth

Das Hauptziel der Sektorechokardiographie in der kinderkardiologischen Diagnostik ist die Erkennung pathologischer anatomischer Verhaltnisse bei angeborenen Vitien. In Analogie zur Angiokardiographie bieten sich jedoch die echokardiographischen Schnitte auch zur Dimensionsmessung der dargestellten Strukturen an. So versuchten wir eine Volumenberechnung des linken Ventrikels aus den apikalen und subkostalen Schnitten. Unter Anwendung der parasternalen und suprasternalen Schnitte masen wir die Dimension von Aorta und Pulmonalarterie. Im folgenden wird uber die Ergebnisse dieser Studien zusammenfassend berichtet.


Archive | 1982

Echokardiographisch bestimmte Ventrikelfunktion bei Neugeborenen mit und ohne β-Mimetikatherapie der Mutter

R. Hofstetter; A. Mayr; G. von Bernuth

Fenoterol hat am Herzmuskel eine adrenerge Wirkung. Ob die bei Tokolyse angewandten Dosen eine Schadigung des fetalen Myokards verursachen konnen, wird in der Literatur diskutiert (1). Wir untersuchten echokardiographisch bei 30 reifen Neugeborenen im Alter von 3 bis 7 Tagen mit Fenoterol in der Schwangerschaftsanamnese die Kontraktilitatsparameter des linken Ventrikels und, soweit moglich, auch die des rechten Ventrikels sowie Septum- und Hinterwanddicke.


The Journal of Pediatrics | 1984

Widening of cranial sutures after long-term prostaglandin E2 therapy in two newborn infants

Hedwig Hoevels-Guerich; Lucie Haferkorn; Manfred Persigehl; R. Hofstetter; Goetz von Bernuth


Journal of Molecular Medicine | 1978

Plasma digoxin concentration in different age groups

D. Lang; R. Hofstetter; G. von Bernuth


Journal of Clinical Ultrasound | 1986

Myocardial perforation by transvenous pacemaker in a newborn infant: Echocardiographic diagnosis

Eberhard Mühler; R. Hofstetter; Helmut Hörnchen; Götz von Bernuth

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