R. J. Harwood

Automated inspection of carpets

A unified method for detecting all types of textural faults on a carpet using machine vision is presented. The Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) model is used for the modelling of the textural surface of carpet. An experimental device using a line-scan camera and an IBM personal computer has been set up simulating on-line inspection of woven carpets to detect various types of fault arising in the production process. Measures for detecting faults are derived from the GMRF model based on sufficient statistics. This measure is very effective in detecting textural differences. Detection of unlevel, linear and other types of faults is discussed. In combination with our previous linear faults detection method, we have the confidence to be able to detect all types of textural faults on a plain carpet in an efficient way. With some additional techniques, this method can also be used for the detection of faults in colored pattern carpets.

Implementing a mass customized clothing service

This chapter explores how a mass customized clothing service could successfully be implemented on the UK High St and suggests a strategy model. In the present highly competitive environment clothing retailers need to gain a competitive advantage. Superior customer service was identified as a more effective competitive strategy than price or merchandise, since it is difficult to achieve consistent quality customer service, those that achieve it are not easily copied by competitors. Mass customization is a means of offering superior customer service, customers are supplied with a garment to meet their needs and also enjoy the personal attention this facility requires. System manufactures such as Lectra Systemes are already collaborating with retailers in Europe to provide garment customization as an in-store service. Although mass customization clothing services have been available in some High St stores in the UK for over 10 years, they have been limited to men’s suits. Four High St retailers were identified as having offered the service, however, two of these retailers have ceased the service within the last four years. In contrast the four Independent tailors interviewed offering mass customized clothing are expanding and developing their service. Structured interviews were undertaken in a survey of eight UK retailers. The sample consisted of four High St retailers and four Independent tailors.