R. Jussen

Experimental Studies Towards a DC-DC Conversion Powering Scheme for the CMS Silicon Strip Tracker at SLHC

The upgrade of the CMS silicon tracker for the Super-LHC presents many challenges. The distribution of power to the tracker is considered particularly difficult, as the tracker power consumption is expected to be similar to or higher than today, while the operating voltage will decrease and power cables cannot be exchanged or added. The CMS tracker has adopted parallel powering with DC-DC conversion as the baseline solution to the powering problem. In this paper, experimental studies of such a DC-DC conversion powering scheme are presented, including system test measurements with custom DC-DC converters and current strip tracker structures, studies of the detector susceptibility to conductive noise, and simulations of the effect of novel powering schemes on the strip tracker material budget.

DC-DC conversion powering schemes for the CMS tracker at Super-LHC

The CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, houses the largest silicon strip tracker ever built. For the foreseen luminosity upgrade of the LHC, the Super-LHC, however, a completely new silicon tracker will have to be constructed. One out of several major improvements currently under consideration is the implementation of a track trigger, with tracking information being provided to the first level trigger. Such an intelligent tracker design, utilising fast digital readout electronics, will most certainly lead to an increased power consump- tion, compared to todays tracker. In combination with the desire to reduce the amount of passive material inside the tracking volume and the impracticality to exchange or even add additional sup- ply cables, a novel powering scheme will be inevitable. In this article a powering scheme based on DC-DC conversion is proposed, and requirements for the DC-DC converters are discussed. Stud- ies of important DC-DC converter quantities such as the power efficiency, conducted and radiated noise levels, and material budget are presented, and a possible implementation of DC-DC buck converters into one proposed track trigger layout is sketched.

Radiated electromagnetic emissions of DC-DC converters

For the CMS tracker at SLHC a new powering scheme is considered to be mandatory to allow the detector to provide at least the same performance as today at the LHC. The baseline solution of CMS foresees the use of DC-DC converters to provide larger currents with smaller losses. An important component of most converters are inductors which, however, tend to radiate the switching noise generated by the converter. The emissions of different inductors have been measured and simulated, the coil design has been optimized and noise susceptibility measurements, with present CMS hardware, have been performed. This article summarizes the results.