R.K. Singh

An Experimental Investigation on a Diesel Engine Fueled by Biodiesel and its Emulsions with Wood Pyrolysis Oil

This article describes the possible utilization of three emulsions obtained from karanja methyl ester (KME) and wood pyrolysis oil (WPO) as fuels in a direct injection diesel engine. For this study, the three emulsions, namely, WPO5, WPO10, and WPO15 were prepared by taking WPO at 5%, 10%, and 15% with KME at 95%, 90%, and 85%, respectively, using a suitable surfactant for preparing water-in-oil emulsion. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the combustion, performance, and emission parameters of a single cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled, direct injection, diesel engine running with the three emulsions. The results of the experiments were compared with diesel operation. The test results indicate that lower ignition delay and high peak cylinder pressures are observed with KME-WPO emulsions. The KME and KME-WPO emulsions exhibit lower specific energy consumption and higher exhaust gas temperatures. Results also indicate that nitric oxide emissions for KME and WPO5, WPO10, and WPO15 emulsions are higher by about 16%, 10.8%, 2.2%, and 0.5% compared with that of diesel fuel at full load. The hydrocarbon emissions for KME, WPO5, WPO10, and WPO15 are found to be lower by about 7.1%, 50%, 42.8%, and 28.5%, respectively, compared with that of diesel at full load. The percentage reduction in the smoke density by 25%, 21.4%, 16%, and 10% is achieved with KME, WPO5, WPO10, and WPO15, respectively, at full load when compared with diesel fuel.

Experimental studies on a diesel engine fueled with wood pyrolysis oil diesel emulsions.

Abstract — This paper describes the combustion, performance and emission parameters of a diesel engine fueled by wood pyrolysis oil (WPO) diesel emulsion with Diethyl ether (DEE) as an ignition improver. Experimental studies were carried out in a single cylinder, four stroke, air cooled, and DI diesel engine with three fuels that were WPO diesel emulsion, WPO diesel emulsions with addition of 2% and 4% DEE. The results were compared with the diesel fuel data, analysed and it is presented in the paper. The brake thermal efficiency is found to be higher by 6.34, 9.5 and 9.3 percentages for WPO diesel emulsion, WPO diesel emulsions with 2% and 4% DEE respectively when compared with diesel fuel at full load. The percentage reduction in NO emissions of about 19.21, 28.38 and 34.81 were noticed for the above said fuels. Index Terms — Diesel engine, emission, ignition improvers, performance, pyrolysis, surfactant . I. I NTRODUCTIONMany alternative fuels for compression ignition engines were introduced in the last two decades for replacement of diesel fuel. Liquid alternative fuel from biomass has a great scope especially in agriculture based countries and developing countries. than diesel up to 30% WPO and beyond that, it increased. Biomass can be converted into useful energy by adopting different techniques such as dry combustion, anaerobic digestion, bio photolysis, pyrolysis, liquefaction, gasification, hydrolysis and solvent extraction [1]. Out of this, pyrolysis has a few advantages such as simple and low pressure operation, negligible waste product and high conversion efficiency of the order of 83%. Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition process of waste substances in the absence of oxygen or little presence of oxygen. Pyrolysis of biomass may yield solid, liquid and gaseous products [2]. Biomass resources can be used for energy production includes a wide range of materials such as forest residues, energy crops, organic wastes,

Studies on behaviour of a DI diesel engine fuelled with bio oil biodiesel emulsions

This paper discusses the results on the use of Jatropha methyl ester (JME) – Wood pyrolysis oil (WPO) emulsion as an alternative fuel in a compression ignition (CI) engine. Three different emulsions were prepared by adding WPO in 5%, 10% and 15% by volume with JME 95%, 90% and 85% by volume respectively using a surfactant Span 20 at 4% on volume basis. The engine behaviour in terms of the combustion performance and emission parameters of the engine were evaluated, analysed, compared with diesel and JME operations in the same engine. Results indicated that the combustion of JME-WPO emulsions started earlier than that of diesel, but little later than that of JME. The percentage decrease in the smoke opacity of 21.4%, 19.6%, 17.1% and 15% are recorded for the JME, X2JOE5, X2JOE10 and X2JOE15 respectively in comparison with diesel at full load.