R. Manivannan

Application of water quality index for groundwater quality assessment: Thirumanimuttar sub-basin, Tamilnadu, India

An attempt has been made to understand the hydrogeochemical parameters to develop water quality index in Thirumanimuttar sub-basin. A total of 148 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major cations and anions. The domination of cations and anions was in the order of Na>Mg>Ca>K for cations and Cl>HCO3 >SO4 in anions. The hydrogeochemical facies indicate alkalis (Na and K) exceed alkaline earths (Ca and Mg) and strong acids (Cl and SO4) exceed weak acid (HCO3). Water quality index rating was calculated to quantify overall water quality for human consumption. The PRM samples exhibit poor quality in greater percentage when compared with POM due to effective leaching of ions, over exploitation of groundwater, direct discharge of effluents and agricultural impact. The overlay of WQI with chloride and EC correspond to the same locations indicating the poor quality of groundwater in the study area. SAR, Na%, and TH were noted higher during both the seasons indicating most of the groundwater locations not suitable for irrigation purposes.

Study on the Significance of Temporal Ion Chemistry in Groundwater of Dindigul District, Tamilnadu, India

The demand of water supply is increasing day by day to meet the pace of developments in domestic, agricultural and industrial sectors especially in developing countries like India. Groundwater being a scarce commodity in a hard rock terrain like Dindigul district an attempt has been made in this study brings out the significance of temporal ion chemistry in groundwater by collecting groundwater from 43 different location of the district and analysed for major and minor ions. These ions were then used for the irrigation classification of groundwater and to bring out the mechanisms responsible of the water chemistry of the region during different seasons.

Evaluation of Metal Pollution in Groundwater in the Industrialized Environs in and Around Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India

Synoptic hydrogeochemical assessments of physico-chemical and metal concentrations were analyzed to understand the driving forces behind heavy and trace metal pollution dynamics in groundwater systems of the heavily industrialized Dindigul district of Tamilnadu (India). Seasonality in solute dynamics is mainly due to regional differences in recharging capacity of groundwater systems and associated hydrogeochemical processes. Rapid changes in land use coupled with industrialization result in contamination of groundwater with heavy and trace metals like Be, Cr, Mn, Zn, Mo, Ni, Co, As, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Fe. The Pearson correlation and the Principal Component Analysis demonstrate that the complex suite of multidimensional metal pollution sources is influencing the groundwater quality in this region. In addition, pollution indices like heavy metal pollution index (HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), and contamination factor

Groundwater quality assessment from a hard rock terrain, Salem district of Tamilnadu, India

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Assessment of groundwater quality with special emphasis on fluoride contamination in crystalline bed rock aquifers of Mettur region, Tamilnadu, India

(Cd) were used to characterize the groundwater quality with reference to the water quality standards. All results demonstrate that the Dindigul groundwater quality is severely polluted by a large suite of metals like Be, Cr, Mn, Zn, Mo, Ni, Co, As, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Fe. Hence stringent management policies are highly required to control the industrial pollution and to improve the regional groundwater quality for sustainable development of the regional environment.

A study on the factors affecting the stable isotopic composition in precipitation of Tamil Nadu, India.

In general, the Coastal zones are dynamically active because of multivariate tectonic, fluvial marine and Aeolian geomorphic process which may vary in their dynamism with space of time. The tectonically active coasts show a greater influence on the land ocean interactive process. Tsunamis are ocean waves produced by earthquakes or underwater landslides. The word is from Japanese and means “harbor wave,” because of the devastating effects these waves have had on low-lying Japanese coastal communities. On 26th December 2004, Indian subcontinent experienced the most devastating tsunami in its recorded history. The phenomenon was triggered by a submarine earthquake located at 3.4° N, 95.7° E off the coast of Sumatra (Indonesia) with an intensity of 9RSU. Tsunamis are most often generated by earthquake-induced movement of the ocean floor. Such massive earthquakes only occur in subduction zones where two of the rigid tectonic plates that comprise the earth’s surface are converging, and one plate, usually composed of heavier oceanic material, dives beneath another, usually composed of lighter continental material. Aftershocks appear to be active over a 1300 Km section of the zone stretching from the Andaman Islands in the north to the earthquake epicentre below the northern tip of Sumatra, the seismic waveform data appears to indicate that only a 450 Km length of the subduction zone off northern Sumatra ruptured (Cumins & Leonard 2005). September 2004 AusGeo News article surmised, the greatest tsunami threat in the Indian Ocean appears to be posed by great subduction zone earthquakes of Sumatra. Studies of the Indian ocean tsunami has been carried out by several workers (Table 1), it reveals that the signature of tsunami has been clearly demarcated in the sediments and only a few studies were carried out in the groundwater. Still the impact of tsunami in the groundwater by both geochemical and geophysical methods has been carried out by very