R.P. Saini

Numerical investigation and novel designing of multi-stage savonius rotor for harnessing hydro power

Rivers Water currents or flow in canals are considered as reliable source of power generation. Savonius rotors are considered suitable for power generation from water current. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a multi stage rotor with variable diameter of Savonius turbine in order to enhance the performance of Savonius rotor. This innovative multi stage Savonius rotor has been numerically investigated using commercially available ANSYS FLUENT code. A three stage Savonius hydrokinetic turbine with variable diameter in each stage has been designed and developed. SST k - ω turbulence model in addition with VOF-open channel flow model has been applied in order to simulate the performance of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine in open channel flow. Based on simulation results, power coefficient has been found to be maximum as 0.32 at TSR of 0.8.

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hydrokinetic Turbines

In small-scale hydropower scheme, the most important component is electro-mechanical equipment. Since cost contribution of this component is high because hydrokinetic projects require negligible civil works. Turbine and alternator contribute a major fraction of the hydrokinetic projects. Thus, there is a requirement to estimates the electromechanical equipment cost for a hydrokinetic hydropower scheme. The present paper investigates design parameters of the hydrokinetic turbines and intends to develop cost correlation which depends on most critical parameters of hydropower sites such as velocity and power capacity. In this present work, three zero head turbines are considered including straight blade Darrieus, two Stage Savonius, and Gorlov Helical. The size and cost of major components have been calculated based on material, manufacturing, research and design, and assembly costs. Based on cost and site parameters, cost correlation has been developed. The obtained cost has been validated with available zero head turbines in the market and installed projects. A techno-economic analysis has been carried out to select economical hydrokinetic turbine for river and canal application.

Effect of Nutrient Concentration on Fruit Quality and Quantity of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is the popular soft fruit and mainly grows in subtropical and hills at elevation of 3000 meter. The fruit of strawberry is characterized in sweetness, bright red colour, aroma, and juicy texture. Strawberry plants having more varieties but in India mostly Winter down, Chandler, Tioga, Torrey, Selva, Belrubi, Fern and Pajaro. Other varieties include Premier, Camarosa, Red cost, Local Jeolikot, Dilpas and, Bangalore, Florida 90, Katrain Sweet, Pusa Early Dwarf and Blakemore. Strawberry is propagated by runner. The ideal time of strawberry planting is Mid-Sep to Mid-Oct in hilly region. And Mid-Oct to Mid-Nov is good for plains region in India. It requires 30 x 60cm spacing for good plant growth. Strawberry is mostly found in whole world and called fruits of love by the Roman Poets Virgil and Ovid in the first century.

Effect of Nutrient Concentration on Vegetative Growth of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is the popular soft fruit and mainly grows in subtropical and hills at elevation of 3000 meter. It cultivated mainly in protected structure and produce best quality and production of fruits. In sub-tropic region strawberry require 20°25°temperature maximum in day time and minimum 7° to 13° temperature in night time. As compare to all berries it gives early fruits in short time. The strawberry rich in nutrients content like protein, Ca, P and K with Vitamin-A, B1, B2, C and niacin. In last few decades the strawberry production and demand is increase in international market. The U.S.A is the largest producer of strawberry in the world. About 28% world production of strawberry is given by U.S.A. as per the food and agriculture organization of united nation. And Spain is produced 8% followed by the Russia, Korea, Japan and Poland. In India, strawberry is cultivated in hilly area like Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, parts of Uttar Pradesh and Kashmir valley. But now a day it is also cultivated in north plain zone of India like Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and some part of Rajasthan. According International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 12 (2017) pp. 2949-2954 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com