R. Silber

Electron beam degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls

Abstract A gradual degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was found under the influence of accelerated electrons (4.5 MeV) absorbed in alkaline 2-propanol solutions containing 0.3–1.0 vol.% of PCBs. A degree of dechlorination grows with increasing dose of irradiation from 2 to 100 kGy. The inhibiting effects of acetone as well as of oxygen were observed.

Radiolytic dechlorination of PCBs in presence of active carbon, solid oxides, bentonite and zeolite

Abstract The influence of various solids on the radiation dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls using electron beam radiation was investigated. Some of the promoters exhibited a positive effect on the radiation dechlorination with a maximum at a determined amount of solids. Some of them exhibited a pronounced negative effect in dechlorination reaction.

Radiation degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls

Abstract Gradual dechlorination of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in alkaline solutions in 2-propanol under the effect of high energy electrons (4.5 MeV) produced by electron accelerator has been studied using a flow-through apparatus of the volume of about 50 L. The dependence of both relative radiation chemical yield and the dechlorination degree on the initial concentration of OH − ions or PCBs, absorbed dose as well as on dose rate has been investigated.

Radiation dechlorination of PCE in aqueous solutions under various conditions

Abstract The radiation dechlorination of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) caused by both γ - and EB (accelerated electrons)-irradiation in aqueous solutions, containing oxygen, nitrous oxide, HCO 3 − - or NO 3 − -ions, was studied. The promoting and inhibiting effects of the two firstly and lastly mentioned species were observed, respectively. The influence of pH on this process was also investigated.

Dechlorination of chloroform in aqueous solutions influenced by nitrate ions and hydrocarbonate ions

Abstract The dechlorination of aqueous solutions of chloroform with γ -radiation was studied in the presence of various concentrations of HCO 3 − - and NO 3 − -ions. The dechlorination was found to be positively influenced by HCO 3 − -ions and a pronounced negative influence of the NO 3 − -ions was observed.

Radiation dechlorination of DELOR 106 and DELOR 103 and influence of active carbon and cupric oxide on this process

Abstract The radiation dechlorination of two forms of PCBs, i.e. DELOR 106 and DELOR 103, in alkaline 2-propanol solution was compared in this paper. Besides, the influence of two different solid modifiers (i.e. active carbon and cupric oxide) on this process was studied. The utilization of radiation energy was found to be significantly higher in the case of dechlorination of DELOR 106 than in the case of DELOR 103. Both promoters increased the initial and relative radiation yields as well as the degrees of dechlorination of both DELORs. These increases were found to be identical for both DELORs as well as for both promoters used.

Impact of accelerated electrons on activating process and foaming potential of sludge

Abstract The process of activation is an important part of wastewater treatment technology. It can be affected in many ways, not least by using radiation. The paper describes effects of pre-irradiation of small part of biomass on activated sludge process. It has been shown, that relatively low dose of accelerated electrons can positively affect many parameters of the system.