R. Sridhar

Modeling of PV Array and Performance Enhancement by MPPT Algorithm

This paper proposes modeling and simulation of photovoltaic model. Taking in to account the temperature and sun‟s irradiance, the PV array is modeled and its voltage current characteristics and the power and voltage characteristics are simulated. This enables the dynamics of PV system to be easily simulated and optimized. It is noticed that the output characteristics of a PV array are influenced by the environmental factors and the conversion efficiency is low. Therefore a maximum power tracking (MPPT) technique is needed to track the peak power to maximize the produced energy. The maximum power point in the power –voltage graph is identified by an algorithm called perturbation & observation (P&O) method or Hill climbing. This algorithm will identify the suitable duty ratio in which the DC/DC converter should be operated to maximize the power output. The results confirm that the photo voltaic array with proposed MPPT controller can operate in the maximum power point for the whole range of assumed solar data (irradiance and temperature).

Performance improvement of a photo voltaic array using MPPT (P&O) technique

This paper proposes modeling and simulation of photovoltaic model. Taking in to account the temperature and suns irradiance, the PV array is modeled and its voltage current characteristics and the power and voltage characteristics are simulated. This enables the dynamics of PV system to be easily simulated and optimized. It is noticed that the output characteristics of a PV array are influenced by the environmental factors and the conversion efficiency is low. Therefore a maximum power tracking (MPPT) technique is needed to track the peak power to maximize the produced energy. The maximum power point in the power -voltage graph is identified by an algorithm called perturbation & observation (P&O) method or Hill climbing. This algorithm will identify the suitable duty ratio in which the DC/DC converter should be operated to maximize the power output. The results confirm that the photo voltaic array with proposed MPPT controller can operate in the maximum power point for the whole range of assumed solar data (irradiance and temperature).

Implementation of an adaptive control strategy for solar photo voltaic generators in microgrlds with MPPT and energy storage

In the recent years, microgrids have become increasingly popular among the consumers due to its energy efficient mechanism, network benefits and improved energy reliability. However, when they are operated as autonomous systems, several technical problems related with its operations and control has emerged as a challenge. To overcome this impending issue, this paper proposes an optimized approach by implementing adaptive solar PV generators with MPPT control (maximum power point tracking) to support an islanded microgrid in a low voltage network. Due to improper control and high maintenance, the PV generator provides very low efficiency during conversion. Therefore, the proposed strategy offers an effective coordination between inverter V-f control (voltage and frequency) and P-Q control, MPPT control and energy storage control of the islanded microgrids to remove device fluctuations and deviations. Also, the control strategy employed take care of State of Charge (SOC) stabilization of battery unit. The simulation of the proposed model is carried out in Matlab/Simulink. The results clearly confirm the potency of suggested controlling and adaptive strategy.

A new maximum power tracking in PV system during partially shaded conditions based on shuffled frog leap algorithm

Abstract Maximum Power Point Trackers (MPPTs) are power electronic conditioners used in photovoltaic (PV) system to ensure that PV structures feed maximum power for the given ambient temperature and sun’s irradiation. When the PV panels are shaded by a fraction due to any environment hindrances then, conventional MPPT trackers may fail in tracking the appropriate peak power as there will be multi power peaks. In this work, a shuffled frog leap algorithm (SFLA) is proposed and it successfully identifies the global maximum power point among other local maxima. The SFLA MPPT is compared with a well-entrenched conventional perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm and a global search particle swarm optimisation (PSO) MPPT. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm is highly advantageous than P&O, as it tracks nearly 30% more power for a given shading pattern. The credible nature of the proposed SFLA is ensured when it outplays PSO MPPT in convergence. The whole system is realised in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

A modified module integrated — Interleaved boost converter for standalone photovoltaic (PV) application

Presently, most of the commercial and industrial sectors are using PV system because of its advantages towards clean and green energy. Subsequently, it is not an ideal power source as it solely depends upon sun light. In the recent past, a lot of research and development has been carried out to enhance the reliability, efficiency and cost effectiveness of power electronics converters in order to increase the conversion efficiency from the PV cells. Thus, this paper presents a modified interleaved Flyback inverter for standalone PV applications. The proposed system is developed by interleaving of three Fly-back cells along with one PV source. The effectiveness of the design have been validated by PV based Fly-back converter simulation model. Also, a real time prototype of the proposed system is built and evaluated under realistic conditions.

Investigation on Modular Flyback Converter using PI and Fuzzy Logic Controllers

ABSTRACT Modular converters have been drawing more attention in recent years and are widely used in various applications such as undersea observatories, smart grid and telecommunication. Input-parallel output-series configuration of dc-dc converters has dragged much attention in power electronic transformers and photovoltaic systems. In this paper, proportional integral and fuzzy logic controllers are applied to modular flyback converters in an output-series input-parallel configuration and the performance compared. The performance of the controllers is evaluated and the results reveal that the said configuration is viable.

Investigations on Multidimensional Maximum Power Point Tracking in Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Arrays with PSO and DE Algorithms

This paper emphasizes on a multidimensional search-driven MPPT aided by particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolutionary algorithm (DEA). Maximum power point trackers are crucial components in PV panels to make operate the PV panel with its maximum efficiency. Partially shaded conditions are quite common in PV panels which in turn hinder the performance of PV system. Further, the partially shaded PV panels exhibit multipower peaks which cannot be catered wisely by the conventional MPPT techniques. The entrenched evolutionary algorithms such as PSO and DEA on the hand grasp the global power peak. In this work, a multidimensional search technique embedded with DC–DC converter is proposed. By this proposed technique, during shaded conditions each panel peak is grasped rather than the cumulative GMPP. Therefore, there is an appreciable increase in extracted power. A comparison in simulation results shows the performance of PSO and DEA-aided Multidimensional MPPT.

Fuzzy Controller-Aided Input Series Output Series (ISOS) Modular Converters for Photovoltaic Applications

Researches on power extraction from renewable energy sources are increasing day by day. Solar energy source is one of the most available and cheap renewable resources. Power intermittency and power quality issues are the major concerns when extracting power from photovoltaic system. Power conditioning devices and controllers play a vital role to avoid the concerned issues. This paper proposes a low distortion intelligent fuzzy-aided modular input series output series system. The performance of controllers is evaluated using MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the output is verified using hardware implementation.

Particle swarm optimisation maximum power-tracking approach based on irradiation and temperature measurements for a partially shaded photovoltaic system

Abstract This paper deals with enhancement of output power of a photovoltaic (PV) array when it is under partially shaded conditions. Since a PV array under shading exhibits non-linear multimodal output power–voltage (P–V) characteristics with respect to irradiation and ambient temperature, mundane maximum power point tracking techniques may go futile. In this paper a soft computing technique called particle swarm optimisation is suggested for maximum power tracking. The prime advantage of the suggested technique over existing conventional techniques is that it finds the global maximum peak whereas the conventional algorithm gets stuck with local maxima. The proposed method is also tested in a prototype by incorporating appropriate temperature, irradiation sensors, voltage and current sensors. The simulation and hardware results reveal that the said technique is effective and efficient for power tracking in PV systems exposed to in-homogenous radiations (partial shading).

Design of mathematical model control of PV-grid interactive Z- Source inverter modulation

The paper introduces the modeling and control of z-source inverter, interfacing a Photovoltaic panel with a grid system. The main objective, of the work is to analyze the behavior of z-source inverter over a conventional inverter and boost converter arrangement. The approach is simulated as a MATLAB/SIMULINK model and results are used to study the characteristics of the proposed model. A sinusoidal waveform is produced at the inverter output, without any introduction of delay time between boost converter and inverter circuit.