R. Tamburro

Combined intra-extra-articular technique for stabilisation of coxofemoral luxation. Preliminary results in two dogs.

OBJECTIVE To report a new technique for repairing traumatic cranio-dorsal coxofemoral luxation in dogs. METHODS Stabilisation of hip luxation was carried out in two dogs: a one-year-old male Border Collie and an eight-year-old female American Staffordshire Bull Terrier. A caudal approach was performed to expose the hip joint. Following this, a 2.5 mm hole was drilled through the acetabular wall at the original attachment of the round ligament, followed by a tunnel between the fovea capitis and the proximal third of the femur. Nylon tape was tied in a clove hitch knot around the femoral neck. The tape was placed as a bridge over the ischial spine to create an acetabular roof in order to increase articular stabilisation. RESULTS Follow-up examinations were performed at 10, 40 and 90 days after surgery.The dogs did not show any signs of lameness, pain or reoccurrence of the luxation during any of the follow-up examinations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This tape-technique enabled reinforcement of the acetabular roof which in turn increased the stability of the joint.

Evaluation of the dorsal acetabular coverage obtained by a modified triple pelvic osteotomy (2.5 pelvic osteotomy)

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the acetabular ventroversion obtained with a modified triple pelvic osteotomy (2.5 PO) compared with that resulting from standard double pelvic osteo-tomy (DPO). STUDY DESIGN Ex vivo study. ANIMALS Seven pelves obtained from skeletally mature dogs with a total body weight ranging from 26-41 kg were used. METHODS Unilateral DPO technique and dorsal ischial mono-cortical osteotomy were performed on every right hemipelvis. Angular ventral rotation was measured by determining the relative orientation of two Kirschner wires placed in the ilial wing and in the dorsal acetabular rim. RESULTS The mean angle of ventroversion was 9.5 ± 5.2 degrees for the DPO group (range 2.1-18.1) and 10.9 ± 4.8 degrees for the 2.5 PO group (range 4.1-19.5). The mean difference between the 2.5 PO and DPO was 1.5 ± 0.6 degrees (range 0.5-2.1). CONCLUSIONS The 2.5 PO technique increased acetabular ventroversion versus DPO.

Biceps femoris muscle transposition for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new extracapsular surgical technique for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs. Nine small breed dogs (seven females and two males) weighing ≤ 15 kg were treated with biceps femoris muscle transposition (BFT). The duration of the BFT procedure was 20 min. Each patient underwent a standard clinical protocol and a questionnaire for the owners. Follow-up (at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperative) confirmed significant improvement in all patients, especially at 1 month postoperatively (p < 0.01) and again after complete stifle joint assessment at 3 months postoperatively. After 12 months, only two patients showed a slight increase in osteoarthritis. According to our results, BFT is a simple extracapsular surgical technique that can be used for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs.

Comparison of Rotation Force to Maintain Acetabular Ventroversion after Double Pelvic Osteotomy and 2.5 Pelvic Osteotomy in a Canine Cadaveric Model

OBJECTIVE  The aim of this article was to compare the force required to maintain the acetabular ventroversion after double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) and modified triple pelvic osteotomy (2.5PO). METHODS  Unilateral DPO (group A) and unilateral modified DPO (group B = 2.5PO) were performed on cadaveric canine pelves (n = 10/group). The twisting moment required to maintain fragment position for DPO and 2.5DPO was compared. RESULTS  Mean twisting moment for the DPO group [5.92 N/m ± 2.59 (range, 2.61-12.17 N/m)] and the 2.5PO group [2.11 N/m ± 0.93 (range, 0.63 -3.85 N/m)] was significantly different (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION  Dorsal cortex osteotomy of the ischium decreases the acetabular segment rotation force. Decreased force may facilitate acetabular rotation during DPO procedure.