R. Ya. Deberdeev

The Effect of Polarization of Polyethylene Films on Migration of Low-Molecular-Mass Contaminants

The effect of poling on the kinetics of migration and the total amount of a migrant transferred from polyethylene packaging materials into nonpolar and polar solvents was studied. A decrease in the amount of the migrant from polymer films to nonpolar isooctane and a slight decrease in that to polar ethanol as a result of poling are due to the effect of an induced electric field on the wetting, dissolution, and diffusion processes. Although the formation of oxidized groups on the film surface by corona poling had an effect on the migration process, this effect was not a determining factor. It was noted that the holding of poled materials in ethanol at 40°C resulted in a significant reduction of their electret properties by the sixth day and practically complete charge relaxation by the tenth day. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that the examined polyethylene films hold promise as active food-packaging materials.

Estimating the efficiency of mixing of liquid components in small tubular turbulent apparatuses

A method of estimating the degree of homogeneity of the mixture and mixing efficiency for small tubular turbulent apparatuses is reported. A mathematical description based on the K-ɛ model of turbulence is suggested for the mixing of homogeneous liquids. Some results of numerical simulation are presented.

Antioxidant activity of isatin acylhydrazones with sterically hindered phenol fragments

Sterically hindered phenolic isatin acylhydrazones were found to possess high antioxidant activity in model reaction with a free chromogen-radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).

Heteronuclear coordination compounds of copper and cobalt in urethane-yielding reactions

Heteronuclear coordination compounds capable of catalyzing the low-temperature dissociation of urethane groups were synthesized on the basis of copper and cobalt chlorides. The study was performed with an urethane prepolymer produced from oligoester diol and 2,4-toluylene diisocyanate. It was found that the dissociation of urethane groups in the prepolymer is accompanied by formation of carbodiimides and release of 2,4-toluylene diisocyanate. As a result of the subsequent redox interaction, Cu(II) ions are mostly converted to Cu(I), and the involvement of isocyanate groups in the para-position into the reaction processes leads to formation of azoaromatic derivatives. It is shown that their coordination binding by Co(II) ions strongly affects both the supramolecular organization of polyurethanes and a set of their physicomechanical properties.

Biodegradability of electret polymer materials

Corona electrets based on composites of shockproof polystyrene and starch were studied.

Antiradical activity of benzazole-2-thiones

Reaction of benzoxazole-2-thione with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylacetate in methanol affords S-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-mercaptobenzoxazole as the major product. Antiradical activity of S- and N-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl derivatives of benzothiazole(oxazole, imidazole)-2-thione with respect to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl is varies widely. S-Benzyl derivatives exhibit higher reactivity at 30°C.

Effect of the amount of curing agent, curing temperature, and polarization on physicomechanical characteristics of epoxyamine adhesive compositions based on DER-331 oligomer

The effect of the amount of amine curing agent and temperature of curing on physicomechanical properties of adhesive composition based on DER-331 epoxy oligomer under the action of polarization under a constant electric field has been investigated. It has been shown that the transition of network polymer structures into a polarized state leads to an increase in their strength properties.

Immobilization of organic reagents on optically transparent mesoporous polymers and its analytical use

Sorption of organic reagents Arsenazo III and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol onto optically transparent mesoporous polymers prepared from macroinitiators and toluene 2,4-diisocyanate was studied. The possibility of preconcentration of organic reagents and their complexation with Cu(II) and Ca(II) ions in the polymer pore voids was demonstrated. Experiments on spectrophotometric analysis using the polymeric support showed that the lower limit of determination was 20 μg mL−1 for Ca(II) and 2 μg mL−1 for Cu(II).

Description of the deformation properties of cross-linked polymers in the framework of the linear theory of heredity using a new formalization of the instantaneous component

67 Compliance is one of the main properties of highly cross linked polymer matrices taken into account in choosing such matrices for high strength fiberglass ware [1]. Because the instantaneous component of compliance in the existing models is unrelated to a certain relaxation state of highly cross linked poly mers [1], the purpose of this work was to formalize the compliance in all their relaxation states with clear physical meaning.

Using vortex layer devices to accelerate chemical reactions in low-speed systems

This work shows the effectiveness of applying vortex layer devices to accelerate chemical reactions in low-speed systems, using the production of dioctylphthalate as an example. The influence of production conditions on the product properties is evaluated.