Rachid Mamouni

Removal of two textile dyes from aqueous solutions onto calcined bones

Abstract The adsorption of textile dyes such as Direct Red 75 and Direct Red 80 onto calcined bone was studied for their removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Direct Red 75 and Direct Red 80 occurred by studying the effects of adsorbent amount, dye concentration, contact time, pH media and temperature. The adsorption rate data were analyzed using the intraparticle diffusion model, pseudo first order and the pseudo second order kinetic models to determine adsorption rate constants. The isotherms of adsorption data were analyzed by various adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin. All results found concluded that calcined bone could be effectively employed as an effective new low cost adsorbent for the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solutions.

Removal of a cationic dye – Basic Red 12 – from aqueous solution by adsorption onto animal bone meal

Abstract The efficiency of animal bone meal as a low cost adsorbent for removing a cationic dye Basic Red 12 from aqueous solution has been investigated. The effects of various experimental factors; adsorbent dose, contact time, dye concentration, pH and temperature were studied by using the batch technique. A maximum of 83.56% removal of the dye was observed by 50 mg of Animal Bone Meal (ABM). Dye adsorption equilibrium was rapidly attained after 60 min of contact time. The isotherms of adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption capacity, Qm, obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 64.13, 64.95, 66.73 and 67.87 mg/g respectively at 303, 313, 323 and 333 K. The characteristic results; dimensionless separation factor, RL, and the adsorption intensity, n, showed that animal bone meal can be employed as an alternative to commercial adsorbents in the removal of Basic Red 12 from aqueous solution.

New eco-friendly animal bone meal catalysts for preparation of chalcones and aza-Michael adducts

Two efficient reactions were successfully carried out using Animal Bone Meal (ABM) and potassium fluoride or sodium nitrate doped ABMs as new heterogeneous catalysts under very mild conditions. After preparation and characterization of the catalysts, we first report their use in a simple and convenient synthesis of various chalcones by Claisen–Schmidt condensation and then in an aza-Michael addition involving several synthesized chalcones with aromatic amines. All the reactions were carried out at room temperature in methanol; the chalcone synthesis was also achieved in water environment under microwave irradiation. Doping ABM enhances the rate and yield at each reaction. Catalytic activities are discussed and the ability to re-use the ABM is demonstrated.ResultsFor Claisen–Schmidt the use of ABM alone, yields never exceeded 17%. In each entry, KF/ABM and NaNO3/ABM (79-97%) gave higher yields than using ABM alone under thermic condition. Also the reaction proceeded under microwave irradiation in good yields (72-94% for KF/ABM and 81-97% for NaNO3/ABM) and high purity. For aza-Michael addition the use of ABM doped with KF or NaNO3 increased the catalytic activity remarkably. The very high yields could be noted (84-95% for KF/ABM and 81-94% for NaNO3/ABM).ConclusionThe present method is an efficient and selective procedure for the synthesis of chalcones an aza-Michael adducts. The ABM and doped ABMs are a new, inexpensive and attractive solid supports which can contribute to the development of catalytic processes and reduced environmental problems.

Elaboration of a new flat membrane support from Moroccan clay

AbstractThe present paper is devoted to synthesis of porous ceramic support from local Moroccan clay (region of Agadir). This material has been dictated by their natural abundance (low price) and their beneficial properties. In this work, we were also interested in the development and the characterization of new mineral support for microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane. The support, with flat configuration, was prepared from natural clay: the powder was crushed, sieved to 125 μm and mixed with organic additives and water. The obtained paste was then extruded to elaborate a porous structure. The firing temperature of the support is 800°C. After firing, the elaborated support showed an average pore diameter of 11 μm and a porosity of 41%. The average support permeability determined using pure distilled water is 1,805 L/h m² bar. This porous ceramic tube was used as support to prepare microfiltration membrane which were tested for the filtration.

3-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid

To the carbamic acid tert-butylester 1 (1.03 g, 4.08 mmol) in methanol (15 ml) was added 1.4 equivalents of NaOH (2N).[...]

3- tert -butoxycarbonylamino-pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester

The discussion and purpose for the synthesis of the 2, 3-pyridinecarboxylicacid-2-methylester 1 has been reported elsewhere [1].[...]

New Approach for Inorganic Anion Analysis by Ion Exchange Chromatography Coupled with Evaporative Light Scattering Detection

Abstract The simultaneous separation of inorganic anions is possible by ion exchange chromatography (IEC) under an isocratic elution mode, using polymer exchanger Metrosep anion dual1 Metrohm (150 × 3 mm ID) followed by evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD). Several mobile phases [formic acid (FA)/ammonia, FA, hydrogen carbonate, trifluoro‐acetic acid (TFA), and heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA)] were tested for optimization of the separation of inorganic anions. The choice of a mobile phase was proven by compatibility with ELSD volatility requirements.