Rafael de Lima Pedro

Dental Anomalies in Children Born With Clefts: A Case-Control Study

Objective To determine the presence of specific patterns of dental defects in a group of individuals born with clefts. Design Case-control. Setting Nossa Senhora do Loreto Municipal Hospital and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Pediatric Dentistry Clinics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Patients 642 radiographic and clinical records were evaluated for 321 cases and 321 controls. Results Individuals born with clefts presented considerably more dental anomalies in comparison with controls (p = .0001). The most frequent was tooth agenesis (n = 53; p = .001), followed by supernumerary teeth (n = 14; p = .11) and tooth malposition (n = 11; p = .33). Regarding tooth agenesis, the upper lateral incisors were more frequently absent in the cleft group (31/86), and control individuals presented more agenesis of the mandibular second premolars (19/45). Conclusions The higher prevalence of dental anomalies, especially number anomalies, opposite the cleft area, in individuals born with cleft lip and/or palate is the most common associated dental anomaly outside the cleft area.

Effectiveness of high speed instrument and air abrasion on different dental substrates

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of high speed (HS) and air abrasion (AA) instruments on groups of teeth (deciduous, permanent, bovine), in terms of preparation time, topography and presence of smear layer. Each group consisted of 5 teeth that had their buccal/lingual surfaces prepared by using either HS or AA. All procedures were standardized and timed. The teeth were then sectioned and prepared for evaluation of both the topography and the presence of smear layer by scanning electron microscopy. As regards preparation time, HS yielded preparations 1.5 times quicker than AA did on the three types of dental substrates (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05). In both techniques (Kruskal-Wallis Test, p < 0.05) the preparation time was influenced by the dental substrate, particularly in deciduous teeth (Mann-Whitney test with Bonferonis correction, p < 0.017), which required a longer preparation time. In the descriptive analysis of the topography, no difference was found between the substrates. Nonetheless, the different instruments used determined distinctive topographies. Both techniques produced a smear layer (chi2 McNemar, p > 0.05) in all substrates, but with different formations. In conclusion, the HS instrument was found to be more rapid than the AA. No difference was found between the three dental substrates as regards both the topography and the presence of smear layer. The differences found in the present study were only in relation to the effects of each instrument used.

Topography and presence of a smear layer in deciduous molars prepared with high-speed cutting and ultrasonic abrasion: an in-vitro study

Abstract Objective. The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the effect of high-speed cutting (HS) with ultrasonic abrasion (US) concerning the internal topography and the presence of a smear layer in a cavity preparation performed in healthy deciduous molars. Material and methods. Seven first deciduous molars were used. Two occlusal cavity preparation were done, one in the medial fossula and another in the distal fossula, which were chosen randomly. One preparation was carried out with a diamond point adapted to the HS system (GI), while a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) point adapted to a US device (GII) was used for the other preparation. Subsequently, all samples (n = 14) were cleaved to observe the inside and then prepared for evaluation using scanning electron photomicroscopy. The internal topography of the prepared cavities was descriptively analyzed. In order to assess the presence of a smear layer, scores were tabulated using the 2000 GMC program and analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. Results. Concerning the internal topography, the presence of striae was verified in both groups. In the GI group they were finer, found in a greater number, and with narrower spaces between them. In the GII group, the striae were undulating, similar to the effect of wheels on sand, and with wider spaces between them. As regards the presence of a smear layer, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions. In view of the methodology employed, it may be concluded that cavity preparation with a CVD point in a US abrasion system led to the formation of fewer striae and both devices promoted the marked presence of a smear layer, obstructing dentinal tubuli.

Dens evaginatus associated with dens invaginatus: A rare case with affected maxillary lateral incisors

Dens invaginatus and dens evaginatus are dental developmental variations of shape that usually occur in isolation but can be observed in association with other dental anomalies. However, no publications have reported the same patient with maxillary lateral incisors affected one by dens evaginatus (right side) and the other by dens invaginatus (left side). This article presents a case of an 8-year-old boy with the presence of abnormal crown morphology in unerupted permanent maxillary lateral incisors. The right maxillary incisor revealed dens evaginatus and the left maxillary incisor presented dens invaginatus. The treatment plan consisted of following up the eruption of maxillary lateral incisors and prophylactic restorative procedure.

Percepção de responsáveis sobre medo odontológico e técnica alternativa para remoção de cárie

The aim of this study, was to Evaluate the caregivers’ perception of the predicting child dental fear factors and their acceptance of an alternative technique (ultra-sonic abrasion) for caries removal. A semi-structured questionnaire were answered by 162 caregivers of children attending in a public institution. The Mean of the children’s age was 9 years old, with predominance of boys (52.5%). Results showed that 73.5% liked going to the dentist, whereas 34% were nervous/anxious before the consultation. The majority of the caregivers thought it was important to study new methods for replacing the dental drill (p > 0.05), allowing ultra-sonic abrasion to be used (p > 0.05). One can conclude that approximately half of the children were scared or anxious during dental visit, and caregivers are receptive to the use of alternative techniques for caries removal.