Rafael F. Reale

Routing in DS-TE networks with an opportunistic bandwidth allocation model

DS-TE (DiffServ-aware MPLS-TE) networks support Quality of Service (QoS) implementation for traffic classes (TCs). Bandwidth Allocation Models (BAMs) are used in DS-TE networks in order to define Bandwidth Constraints (BCs) in a per-class basis and effectively define how this resource is reserved and eventually shared by applications. Existing BAM models are aware of traffic classes and are enablers for QoS guarantees while trying to optimize the use of bandwidth resources on a per-link basis. This paper proposes a new bandwidth allocation model (AllocTC-Sharing) which has an opportunistic behavior on a per-link basis. Opportunistic behavior means that AllocTC-Sharing allows higher priority traffic classes to use non-allocated resources of lower priority traffic classes and the other way around. The paper presents initially the AllocTC-Sharing and its integration with CSPF (Constrained Shortest Path First) routing protocol for end-to-end MPLS LSP (Label Switched Path) path setup. Then, we compare AllocTC-Sharing features with RDM (Russian Dolls Model) and Adapt-RDM models. The results show that AllocTC-Sharing preserves the features of RDM and Adapt-RDM and improves overall network utilization.

AllocTC-sharing: A new bandwidth allocation model for DS-TE networks

DiffServ-aware MPLS-TE (DS-TE) allows bandwidth reservation for Traffic Classes (TCs) in MPLS-based engineered networks and, as such, improves the basic MPLS-TE model. In DS-TE networks, per-Class quality of service guarantees are provided while being possible to achieve improved network utilization. DS-TE requires the use of a Bandwidth Allocation Model (BAM) that establishes the amount of bandwidth per-Class and any eventual sharing among them. This paper proposes a new bandwidth allocation model (AllocTC-Sharing) in which the higher priority traffic classes are allowed to use non allocated resources of lower priority traffic classes and vice versa. By adopting this “dual sense” allocation strategy for dynamic bandwidth allocation, it is shown that AllocTC-Sharing model preserves bandwidth constraints for traffic classes and improves overall link utilization.

Applying autonomy with bandwidth allocation models

Summary Bandwidth Allocation Models (BAMs) are resource allocation methods used for networks in general. BAMs are currently applied for handling resources such as bandwidth allocation in MPLS DS-TE networks (LSP setup). In general, BAMs define resource restrictions by ‘class’ and allocate the available resources on demand. This is frequently necessary to manage large and complex systems like routing networks. G-BAM is a new generalized BAM that, by configuration, incorporates the ‘behavior’ of existing BAMs (MAM, RDM, G-RDM and AllocTC-Sharing). In effect, any current available BAM ‘behavior’ is reproduced by G-BAM by simply adjusting its configuration parameters. This paper focuses on investigating the applicability of using autonomy together with BAMs for improve performance and facilitating the management of MPLS DS-TE networks. It is investigated the applicability of ‘BAM switching’ using a framework with autonomic characteristics. In brief, it is investigated the switching among ‘BAM behaviors’ and BAMs reconfiguration with distinct network traffic scenarios by using G-BAM. Simulation results suggest that the autonomic switching of ‘BAM behaviors’ based on high-level management rules (Service Level Agreements, Quality of Service (QoS) or other police) may result in improving overall network management and operational parameters such as link utilization and preemption. Copyright

A Publish/Subscribe QoS-aware Framework for Massive IoT Traffic Orchestration.

Internet of Things (IoT) application deployment requires the allocation of resources such as virtual machines, storage, and network elements that must be deployed over distinct infrastructures such as cloud computing, Cloud of Things (CoT), datacenters and backbone networks. For massive IoT data acquisition, a gateway-based data aggregation approach is commonly used featuring sensor/ actuator seamless access and providing cache/ buffering and preprocessing functionality. In this perspective , gateways acting as producers need to allocate network resources to send IoT data to consumers. In this paper, it is proposed a Publish/-Subscribe (PubSub) quality of service (QoS) aware framework (PSIoT-Orch) that orchestrates IoT traffic and allocates network resources between aggregates and consumers for massive IoT traffic. PSIoT-Orch schedules IoT data flows based on its configured QoS requirements. Additionally , the framework allocates network resources (LSP/ bandwidth) over a controlled backbone network with limited and constrained resources between IoT data users and consumers. Network resources are allocated using a Bandwidth Allocation Model (BAM) to achieve efficient network resource allocation for scheduled IoT data streams. PSIoT-Orch adopts an ICN (Information-Centric Network) PubSub architecture approach to handle IoT data transfers requests among framework components. The proposed framework aims at gathering the inherent advantages of an ICN-centric approach using a PubSub message scheme while allocating resources efficiently keeping QoS awareness and handling restricted network resources (bandwidth) for massive IoT traffic.

G-BAM: A Generalized Bandwidth Allocation Model for IP/MPLS/DS-TE Networks.

Bandwidth Allocation Models (BAMs) configure and handle resource allocation (bandwidth, LSPs, fiber) in networks in general (IP/MPLS/DS-TE, optical domain, other). BAMs currently available for IP/MPLS/DS-TE networks (MAM, RDM, G-RDM and AllocTC-Sharing) basically define resource restrictions (bandwidth) by class (traffic class, application class, user class or other grouping criteria) and allocate on demand this resource. There is a BAM allocation policy inherent for each existing model which behaves differently under distinct network state, such as heavy traffic loads and dynamic traffic and/or application scenarios. A generalized Bandwidth Allocation Model (G-BAM) is proposed in this paper. G-BAM, firstly, incorporates the inherent behavior of currently used BAMs such as MAM, RDM, G-RDM and AllocTC-Sharing in IP/MPLS/DS-TE context. G-BAM, secondly, proposes a new policy/ behavior allocation in addition to existing ones in which additional private resources are incorporated. G-BAM, thirdly, allows a smoother BAM policy transition among existing policy alternatives resulting from MAM, RDM and AllocTC-Sharing adoption independently. The paper focuses on the first characteristics of G-BAM which is to reproduce MAM, RDM and AllocTC-Sharing behaviors. As such, the required configuration to achieve MAM, RDM and AllocTC-Sharing behaviors is presented followed by a proof of concept. Authors argue that the G-BAM reproducibility characteristics may improve overall network resource utilization under distinct traffic profiles.