Rafael Guisado Barrilao

Xerostomía: diagnóstico y manejo clínico

Resumen es: La xerostomia es la sensacion subjetiva que el paciente autopercibe ante la escasez o carencia absoluta de saliva en la cavidad oral. Tambien denominada ...

Acute effect of a complex training protocol of back squats on 30-m sprint times of elite male military athletes.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the acute effect temporal of a complex training protocol on 30 meter sprint times. A secondary objective was to evaluate the fatigue indexes of military athletes. [Subjects and Methods] Seven military athletes were the subjects of this study. The variables measured were times in 30-meter sprint, and average power and peak power of squats. The intervention session with complex training consisted of 4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30% 1RM + 4 repetitions at 60% 1RM + 3 repetitions of 30 meters with 120-second rests. For the statistical analysis repeated measures of ANOVA was used, and for the post hoc analysis, student’s t-test was used. [Results] Times in 30 meter sprints showed a significant reduction between the control set and the four experimental sets, but the average power and peak power of squats did not show significant changes. [Conclusion] The results of the study show the acute positive effect of complex training, over time, in 30-meter sprint by military athletes. This effect is due to the post activation potentiation of the lower limbs’ muscles in the 30 meters sprint.

Efecto de un programa lúdico de actividad física general de corta duración y moderada intensidad sobre las cifras de presión arterial y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en hipertensos mayores de 50 años

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of a recreational general physical activity program with moderate intensity and short duration on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors (BMI, cholesterol, Rest Heart Rate, HDL, LDL, Triglycerides) in hypertensive patients older than 50years. DESIGN Non-randomised pre-post design, quasi-experimental study. LOCATION Íllora, Granada, Spain. PARTICIPANTS A total of 60 subjects aged 50-75years taking part in the Health Hypertensive Program in the Medical Centre were selected. INTERVENTION A recreational general physical activity program, mainly aerobic capacity, of 4weeks duration, 3days/week, and an intensity of 45-55% HR Reserve. MAIN MEASUREMENTS SBP, DBP, HR, BMI, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG, and Glucose. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Statistically significant decreases (P<.05) were observed in BMI (-0.51%; 95%CI: 30.26 to 31.93units), HR (-5.57beats/min; 95%CI: 68.76 to 71.73beats/min), SBP (-14.82mmHg; 95%CI: 131.57 to 137.52mmHg), DBP (-5.33mmHg; 95%CI: 78.94 to 83.68mmHg), Glucose (-7.63mg/dL; 95%CI: 125.06 to 153.73mg/dL) and REGICOR risk (-20.46%; 95%CI: 5.45 to 6.90%). Statistically significant increases were observed in HDL (+2.82mg/dl; 95%CI: 46.78 to 52.11mmHg), and TG (+8.27mg/dl; 95%CI: 133.89 to 152.60mg/dL). Men had a wider variation in HR and DBP, and women in SBP (P<.05). Subjects with baseline SBP≥160mmHg experienced greater declines in HR, SBP, DBP, Glucose and TG (-10.67beats/min, -31mmHg, -8.27mmHg, -10.86mg/dL, and 34.66mg/dL, respectively) than those with an initial SBP<160mmHg, where there was an increase in HDL and a decrease in LDL. After this program, improvements in BP and other cardiovascular risk factors were obtained in hypertensive subjects over 50years.Resumen Objetivo Evaluar los efectos de un programa recreativo de actividad física general, de intensidad moderada y corta duración, sobre las cifras de hipertensión arterial y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en hipertensos mayores de 50 años. Diseño Estudio cuasi-experimental no aleatorizado con diseño pre-post. Emplazamiento Íllora (Granada). Participantes Sesenta sujetos sedentarios de 50-75 años pertenecientes al programa de hipertensos del Centro de Salud. Intervención Programa lúdico de actividad física general donde predomina la capacidad aeróbica, 3 días/semana, durante 4 semanas, y una intensidad del 45-55% de la FC Reserva. Mediciones principales PAS, PAD, FC, IMC, colesterol total, HDL, LDL, TG y glucosa. Resultados y conclusiones Disminuciones estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) en el IMC (−0,51%; IC 95%: 30,26-31,93 unid), la FC (−5,57 lat/min; IC 95%: 68,76-71,73 lat/min), la PAS (−14,82 mmHg; IC 95%: 131,57-137,52 mmHg), la PAD (−5,33 mmHg; IC 95%: 78,94-83,68 mmHg), la glucosa (−7,63 mg/dl; IC 95%: 125,06-153,73 mg/dl) y el riesgo REGICOR (−20,46%; IC 95%: 5,45-6,90%). Aumentos estadísticamente significativos en el HDL (+2,82 mg/dl; IC 95%: 46,78-52,11 mg/dl) y los TG (+8,27 mg/dl; IC 95% 133,89-152,60 mg/dl). Según el sexo, los hombres presentaron la mayor variación en la FC y la PAD, y las mujeres en la PAS (p < 0,05). Sujetos con valores iniciales de PAS ≥ 160 mmHg experimentaron mayores descensos de FC, PAS, PAD, glucosa y TG (−10,67 lat/min, −31 mmHg, −8,27 mmHg, −10,86 mg/dl y 34,66 mg/dl, respectivamente) que aquellos con PAS inicial < 160 mmHg, donde aumentó el HDL y disminuyó el LDL. Tras este programa se obtuvieron mejoras en la presión arterial y otros FRCV en sujetos hipertensos mayores de 50 años.

Effect of two complex training protocols of back squats in blood indicators of muscular damage in military athletes.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the variations in the blood muscular damage indicators post application of two complex training programs for back squats. [Subjects and Methods] Seven military athletes were the subjects of this study. The study had a quasi-experimental cross-over intra-subject design. Two complex training protocols were applied, and the variables to be measured were cortisol, metabolic creatine kinase, and total creatine kinase. For the statistical analysis, Student’s t-test was used. [Results] Twenty-four hours post effort, a significant decrease in cortisol level was shown for both protocols; however, the metabolic creatine kinase and total creatine kinase levels showed a significant increase. [Conclusion] Both protocols lowered the indicator of main muscular damage in the blood supply (cortisol). This proved that the work weight did not generate significant muscular damage in the 24-hour post-exercise period.

Application of Extra Virgin Olive Oil to Prevent Nipple Cracking in Lactating Women.

BACKGROUND It is well established that extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), applied to the skin, has healing and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of EVOO in the prevention of nipple cracking in lactating women. METHODS Experimental, prospective, randomized study of 300 lactating women, admitted to the postpartum unit of the citys general hospital (Cienfuegos, Cuba). The study was carried out in 2012. Eligible patients were randomized into two groups of 150 women. In Group 1, EVOO was applied on the nipple after feeding, and in Group 2, drops of breast milk were applied to the nipple after feeding. Clinical evaluations were made during the first week of treatment and after the first month. All women who initiated breastfeeding were considered eligible to be included in this study; breastfeeding was characterized as the moment of mother-child interaction with suction on the nipple. Efficacy was evaluated quantitatively, as the absence of cracks in the nipple during the first 2 weeks of lactation using as the proportion of women with or without nipple cracks, and if present, whether they were moderate or slight. RESULTS The quantitative efficacy was 97.3% and no adverse effects occurred in mothers and newborns during the administration of EVOO. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS EVOO helps prevent nipple cracking in lactating women. It has been shown to have protective effects when breastfeeding presents technical difficulties. This conclusion is borne out by the frequency distribution results obtained, which reflect a significantly higher proportion of nipple cracking in the population that was not treated with EVOO. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Use EVOO to prevent nipple cracking during breastfeeding by administering 3 drops on each nipple after each feeding. Decreased nipple cracking will reduce pain and enhance breastfeedinging by administering 3 drops on each nipple after each feeding, improving the health of mothers and infants.

Nivel de triglicéridos como factor de riesgo durante el embarazo: modelado biológico; revisión sistemática

INTRODUCTION introduction: Some of the diseases that can appear in pregnancy (gestational diabetes, hypertension and preeclampsia) are being associated with an increased risk of heart throughout life diseases. This should be present in future assessments of the health of women. One of the most important biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases is the triglyceride level, and that undergoes a significant change during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE the objective of this review is to analyze the studies that have investigated triglyceride levels during pregnancy as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the last weeks of pregnancy and childbirth. METHODS a systematic search was made and 14 specific articles on the subject were selected following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS in normal pregnancy decreased the level of lipids in the first weeks, followed by a gradual increase. Especially high from the 12th week of gestation. This increase in plasma levels of circulating lipids occurs linearly, reaching a peak a few days before delivery. This increase results because of the increased estrogen levels and insulin resistance. It has also been associated with prolactin levels. CONCLUSIONS through this review, it has been able to demonstrate the relationship of elevated triglycerides some pathologies or more frequent changes in risk pregnancies, in which a significantly higher elevation occurs compared to normal pregnancies. It is in this context that the biological modeling may be particularly important, facilitating the creation of models and percentile curves applicable to the population, and allow monitoring of changes in triglycerides, which end up pointing situations passing be predictors of a potentially pathological situation. Thus, appropriate interventions would be carried rafter more briefly, and see so favored adequate primary prevention.

Lactancia materna como método para prevenir alteraciones cardiovasculares en la madre y el niño

INTRODUCTION Breastfeeding is a recommended practice from all health institutions, both national and international, due to the benefits that it provides for both the nurslings and the mothers health. It has been proved that mothers who breastfeed their children suffer from less cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, than those women who have never done it. AIM The goal of this review is to analyse the studies that have done some research on breastfeeding as a protection from cardiovascular diseases in the mother and the infant. METHODS A systematic search has been carried out and 10 meta-analysis or reviews, 8 original articles of clinical studies, 31 longitudinal or cohort studies and 7 correlational studies of large sample and descriptive were selected. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death for women all over the world. Diet, exercise, quitting smoking and blood pressure control are well-known methods to prevent cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown that breastfeeding has a positive impact on the mother and childs blood pressure level, both in the short term and the long term. It is, thus, necessary to provide further information for the population so as to promote breastfeeding and know its benefits.