Rafael Ramos Echazarreta

Adolescencia y estilo de vida. Estudio del ocio de los escolares de la provincia de Roma

El presente estudio trata de descubrir las practicas que experimentan los adolescentes en su tiempo libre. El interes social que despiertan los comportamientos efectuados durante la adolescencia, radica en que nos permiten aportar conocimiento acerca del estilo de vida que se lleva a cabo en el tiempo libre. De aqui que el objetivo de la investigacion sea conocer las practicas de ocio realizadas, asi como las deseadas, de los adolescentes italianos de la provincia de Roma, descubriendo ademas posibles elementos que puedan estar asociados a estos comportamientos. Para tal fin se ha optado por la utilizacion de una metodologia cuantitativa de tipo descriptiva e inferencial, empleando como instrumento de medida el cuestionario mACOFYD que fue suministrado a un total de 2401 escolares romanos de Educacion Secundaria de primer grado. Entre los resultados obtenidos se destaca que las actividades fisico-deportivas son elegidas y deseadas por la mayor parte de los escolares analizados; practicas que estan estrechamente vinculadas con el nivel de estudios de los progenitores. Las conclusiones del estudio subrayan el vinculo descubierto entre los adolescentes romanos y sus comportamientos fisico-deportivos, asi como la enorme difusion que tienen las practicas de caracter tecnologico en la vida de los adolescentes.

Sport and Philosophy of Hospitality: Three Questions on How to Rethink Contemporary Sport Education in Light of Gift and Peace

Abstract The ancient Olympic Games were held in spaces and places consecrated for hospitality, to xénia, a Greek word that means “gifts” but also something that refers to and belongs to strangers and foreigners. Foreigners from every part of Greece met in Olympia to celebrate the agón. In this place, a stranger or a foreigner (hostis in Latin), probably a former enemy, became a friend because he was both guest and host (hospes in Latin) in the sanctuary-town, which belonged to the gods and to all of the Greeks, who recognized themselves in its spirit. This mechanism of hospitality formed the basis of the Olympic peace system and was the fundamental prerequisite for the celebration of agón. The practice of the agón was therefore made possible by a “gift” but also by “for-giveness” that allowed people to meet and compete. We can conclude that at the base of the Olympic (and Greek) ethics there was the concept of hospitality. Olympia was then the common home of all Greeks, the place where ethics were carried out, were put into practice, and concretely exercised. It is not a pure coincidence that the Greek word “ethics” is linked to the word éthos, which means “house”, “home”. For this reason, ethics can be thought as the art of hosting somebody in our own home and trusting him/her, just as it happened in ancient Olympia during the Olympic Games, which demonstrated that ethics was always a home’s ethics. Therefore, taking into account this cultural and philosophical framework, this study will develop a methodological approach, derived from deconstructionism, which will be applied to concepts that are both ambiguous and semantically rich in meaning, such as “gift”, “forgiveness”, xénos, hostis, and hospes. The first objective of this study is to reflect upon the connection between “gift” and “sport” and show the deep interconnection between the two concepts. The second is to use the model of Greek hospitality at the Olympic Games to deeply rethink sport and contemporary philosophy of sport education in terms of peace and multiculturalism.