Rafael Soncin

Desenvolvimento de um método de familiarização individualizado para saltos verticais

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to propose an individualized familiarization method for vertical jumps and to verify its effect on intra-subject variability. METHODS: Fifty three men (mean ± S.D.; age 23.5 ± 3.3; height 1.76 ± 0.08 m; mass 72.8 ± 8.6 Kg; body fat 12.9 ± 5.2%) performed successive jumps to reach the proposed stability level. After 48 hours, this process was repeated and the stability between the days was verified; if necessary, more sessions were performed. The stability level was determined by a Z-Test with a confidence interval of 95%. After the familiarization process, two additional experimental sessions were performed in order to determine the reliability of the performance in the Squat Jump (SJ) and the Countermovement Jump (CMJ). The coefficient of variation and standard error of measurement were determined individually (CVi and SEMi). A paired T-Test was performed to verify differences in the CVi and SEMi before and after the familiarization process. RESULTS: The CVi presented a significant reduction after the familiarization process (p < 0.001), changing from 5.01 ± 2.40% to 2.95 ± 0.89% in the SJ. The CVi also changed in the CMJ (from 4.50 ± 2.19% to 2.58 ± 0.81%). The same also occurred with the SEMi in both the SJ and the CMJ, changing from 1.29 ± 0.53 cm to 0.83 ± 0.25 cm in the SJ and from 1.35 ± 0.51cm to 0.83 ± 0.26 cm in the CMJ. CONCLUSION: The proposed individualized familiarization method significantly decreased intra-subject variability, which allows for a higher statistical power in the laboratorial setting and a greater sensitivity for performance monitoring tools.

Influence of Exercise Order on Electromyographic Activity During Upper Body Resistance Training

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise order on electromyographic activity in different muscle groups among youth men with experience in strength training. Three sets of 8 RM were performed of each exercise in two sequences order: (a) sequence A: bench press, chest fly, shoulder press, shoulder abduction, close grip bench press and lying triceps extension; (b) sequence B: the opposite order. The electromyographic activity was analyzed in the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and long head triceps brachii, normalized for maximal voluntary isometric contraction. The muscles activity of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and long head triceps brachii showed significant interaction between sequence and exercise. The sternocostal head of the pectoralis major showed considerably higher activity in sequence A (100.13 ± 13.56%) than sequence B (81.47 ± 13.09%) for the chest fly. The anterior deltoid showed significantly higher electromyographic activity in sequence B (86.81 ± 40.43%) than sequence A (66.15 ± 22.02%) for the chest fly, whereas for the lying triceps extension, the electromyographic activity was significantly higher in sequence A (53.89 ± 27.09%) than sequence B (34.32 ± 23.70%). For the long head triceps brachii, only the shoulder press showed differences between sequences (A = 52.43 ± 14.64 vs. B = 38.53 ± 16.26). The present study showed that the exercise order could modify the training results even though there was no alteration in volume and intensity of the exercise. These changes may result in different training adaptations.

Determination of a quantitative parameter to evaluate swimming technique based on the maximal tethered swimming test

Abstract The aim of this study was to propose a new force parameter, associated with swimmers’ technique and performance. Twelve swimmers performed five repetitions of 25 m sprint crawl and a tethered swimming test with maximal effort. The parameters calculated were: the mean swimming velocity for crawl sprint, the mean propulsive force of the tethered swimming test as well as an oscillation parameter calculated from force fluctuation. The oscillation parameter evaluates the force variation around the mean force during the tethered test as a measure of swimming technique. Two parameters showed significant correlations with swimming velocity: the mean force during the tethered swimming (r = 0.85) and the product of the mean force square root and the oscillation (r = 0.86). However, the intercept coefficient was significantly different from zero only for the mean force, suggesting that although the correlation coefficient of the parameters was similar, part of the mean velocity magnitude that was not associated with the mean force was associated with the product of the mean force square root and the oscillation. Thus, force fluctuation during tethered swimming can be used as a quantitative index of swimmers’ technique.

CrossFit Overview: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

BackgroundCrossFit is recognized as one of the fastest growing high-intensity functional training modes in the world. However, scientific data regarding the practice of CrossFit is sparse. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the findings of scientific literature related to CrossFit via systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsSystematic searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Bireme/MedLine, and SciELO online databases were conducted for articles reporting the effects of CrossFit training. The systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The Oxford Levels of Evidence was used for all included articles, and only studies that investigated the effects of CrossFit as a training program were included in the meta-analysis. For the meta-analysis, effect sizes (ESs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and heterogeneity was assessed using a random-effects model.ResultsThirty-one articles were included in the systematic review and four were included in the meta-analysis. However, only two studies had a high level of evidence at low risk of bias. Scientific literature related to CrossFit has reported on body composition, psycho-physiological parameters, musculoskeletal injury risk, life and health aspects, and psycho-social behavior. In the meta-analysis, significant results were not found for any variables.ConclusionsThe current scientific literature related to CrossFit has few studies with high level of evidence at low risk of bias. However, preliminary data has suggested that CrossFit practice is associated with higher levels of sense of community, satisfaction, and motivation.

INTENSIDADE MODERADA É O ESTÍMULO MAIS ADEQUADO PARA INDUZIR POTÊNCIA DE QUADRICEPS EM IDOSOS

Rev Bras Med Esporte – Vol. 24, No 3 – Mai/Jun, 2018 ABSTRACT Introduction: The best strategy for improving knee extensor power, a major functional capacity indicator in older adults, is power training. Nonetheless, the training intensity required to induce optimal gains is yet to be found. Objective: Our purpose was to compare knee extensor peak power responses between low, moderate, and high intensity load conditions (30%, 50% and 70% of 1RM). Methods: Thirteen sedentary elderly women performed six knee extensions in each load condition, calculating knee extensor mechanical work/power output and knee extension peak angular velocity. Results: No difference in peak power was found between the high (207.0 ± 68.1 W) and moderate (206.1 ± 71.6 W) load conditions (p = 0.994), and both had higher values (p ≤0.004) than the low intensity condition (135.6 ± 56.3 W). Conclusion: Moderate load at 50% of 1RM appears to be the preferred strategy for inducing knee extensor power output because in contrast with the high intensity condition, the moderate load yielded higher angular peak velocity, which is also a functional indicator. Level of Evidence ll; Therapeutic studies Investigating treatment results.

Relationship Between Knee Valgus and Ground Reaction Force in Soccer Players Using Soccer Boots Landing on an Official Artificial Turf

RESEARCH ARTICLE Relationship Between Knee Valgus and Ground Reaction Force in Soccer Players Using Soccer Boots Landing on an Official Artificial Turf João Gustavo Claudino, Bruno Mezêncio, Rafael Soncin, Juliana Pennone, João Pedro Pinho, Eduardo Borges, Leonardo Castiglio, Pedro Sampaio Miyashiro, Eric Pomi, Wellington Masuko, Vinicius Soares, Paulo Dias, Luiz Henrique Goés, Alessandro Fromer Piazzi, Alberto Carlos Amadio and Júlio Cerca Serrão Laboratory of Biomechanics – School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Centro de Formação de Atletas Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras, São Paulo, Brazil.

Football scout analysis models (based in the 2013/2014 Champions League)

First places in major football competitions are no longer a few teams’ achievement. A better understanding of the game becomes crucial with this highly competitive background. Our purpose was to determine scout variables that best describe the technical and tactical characteristics of the 2013/2014 Champions League’s participating teams. All UEFA Champions League’s qualifying phases and play-offs matches (32 teams in 126 matches) were analyzed using scout public domain data. The analyzed variables were goals scored, goals difference, total attempts, attempts on target, disarms, corners, offside, passes completed, passes uncompleted, fouls committed and ball possession. A best subsets multiple regression analysis reveal that total attempts (r²=0.815), ball possession (r²=0.748), passes completed (r²=0.742) and scored goals (r²=0.699) are the most relevant variables to describe the match. The present study was able to show how scout information can be reduced to the coach easily application. Statistics, Soccer, UEFA, Competitions.

KINESIO TAPING DON'T CHANGE EMG RELATION BETWEEN VASTUS LATERALIS - MEDIALIS IN HALF SQUAT

Introducao: Kinesio Taping e uma tecnica realizada com aplicacao de fitas elasticas sobre a pele, que se propoe a produzir determinados efeitos com fins de prevencao e tratamento das lesoes musculoesqueleticas. No entanto, os meios pelos quais tais efeitos ocorrem continuam sendo investigados e discutidos, principalmente no que diz respeito a utilizacao no campo da reabilitacao e do esporte. Objetivo: Analisar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica encontrada nos musculos vasto lateral (VL) e vasto medial (VM) em duas condicoes: sem aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GnKT) e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GKT) em uma populacao saudavel, com experiencia em treinamento de forca. Metodos: Dezoito sujeitos do sexo masculino (idade: 28,1 ± 6,9 anos; massa corporal: 85,5 ± 8,3 kg; estatura: 179,5 ± 6,9 cm; comprimento de membro inferior: 97,0 ± 4,2 cm) realizaram o exercicio de meio-agachamento livre, com velocidade controlada, sem e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. A relacao foi verificada pela proporcao de magnitude de ativacao (VM/VL), utilizando-se os valores de root mean square (RMS). A sequencia para realizacao dos exercicios nas condicoes mencionadas foi randomizada e balanceada. Resultados: Os valores encontrados para a razao VM/VL na situacao GnKT foram de 83,96 ± 5,79% para VM e 84,13 ± 7,16% para VL. Ja na situacao GKT, 84,55 ± 16,97% para VM e 80,53 ± 9,20% para VL. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas nos valores de RMS para a relacao VM/VL submetidos a aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. Conclusao: A aplicacao de Kinesio Taping nao demonstrou influenciar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica entre os musculos vasto lateral e vasto medial durante a execucao do exercicio de meio-agachamento.

KINESIO TAPING NÃO ALTERA A RELAÇÃO EMG ENTRE VASTO LATERAL E VASTO MEDIAL DURANTE MEIO-AGACHAMENTO

Introducao: Kinesio Taping e uma tecnica realizada com aplicacao de fitas elasticas sobre a pele, que se propoe a produzir determinados efeitos com fins de prevencao e tratamento das lesoes musculoesqueleticas. No entanto, os meios pelos quais tais efeitos ocorrem continuam sendo investigados e discutidos, principalmente no que diz respeito a utilizacao no campo da reabilitacao e do esporte. Objetivo: Analisar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica encontrada nos musculos vasto lateral (VL) e vasto medial (VM) em duas condicoes: sem aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GnKT) e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GKT) em uma populacao saudavel, com experiencia em treinamento de forca. Metodos: Dezoito sujeitos do sexo masculino (idade: 28,1 ± 6,9 anos; massa corporal: 85,5 ± 8,3 kg; estatura: 179,5 ± 6,9 cm; comprimento de membro inferior: 97,0 ± 4,2 cm) realizaram o exercicio de meio-agachamento livre, com velocidade controlada, sem e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. A relacao foi verificada pela proporcao de magnitude de ativacao (VM/VL), utilizando-se os valores de root mean square (RMS). A sequencia para realizacao dos exercicios nas condicoes mencionadas foi randomizada e balanceada. Resultados: Os valores encontrados para a razao VM/VL na situacao GnKT foram de 83,96 ± 5,79% para VM e 84,13 ± 7,16% para VL. Ja na situacao GKT, 84,55 ± 16,97% para VM e 80,53 ± 9,20% para VL. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas nos valores de RMS para a relacao VM/VL submetidos a aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. Conclusao: A aplicacao de Kinesio Taping nao demonstrou influenciar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica entre os musculos vasto lateral e vasto medial durante a execucao do exercicio de meio-agachamento.

KINESIO TAPING NO ALTERA LA RELACIÓN EMG ENTRE VASTO LATERAL Y VASTO MEDIAL DURANTE MEDIO AGACHAMIENTO

Introducao: Kinesio Taping e uma tecnica realizada com aplicacao de fitas elasticas sobre a pele, que se propoe a produzir determinados efeitos com fins de prevencao e tratamento das lesoes musculoesqueleticas. No entanto, os meios pelos quais tais efeitos ocorrem continuam sendo investigados e discutidos, principalmente no que diz respeito a utilizacao no campo da reabilitacao e do esporte. Objetivo: Analisar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica encontrada nos musculos vasto lateral (VL) e vasto medial (VM) em duas condicoes: sem aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GnKT) e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping (GKT) em uma populacao saudavel, com experiencia em treinamento de forca. Metodos: Dezoito sujeitos do sexo masculino (idade: 28,1 ± 6,9 anos; massa corporal: 85,5 ± 8,3 kg; estatura: 179,5 ± 6,9 cm; comprimento de membro inferior: 97,0 ± 4,2 cm) realizaram o exercicio de meio-agachamento livre, com velocidade controlada, sem e com aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. A relacao foi verificada pela proporcao de magnitude de ativacao (VM/VL), utilizando-se os valores de root mean square (RMS). A sequencia para realizacao dos exercicios nas condicoes mencionadas foi randomizada e balanceada. Resultados: Os valores encontrados para a razao VM/VL na situacao GnKT foram de 83,96 ± 5,79% para VM e 84,13 ± 7,16% para VL. Ja na situacao GKT, 84,55 ± 16,97% para VM e 80,53 ± 9,20% para VL. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas nos valores de RMS para a relacao VM/VL submetidos a aplicacao de Kinesio Taping. Conclusao: A aplicacao de Kinesio Taping nao demonstrou influenciar a relacao da atividade eletromiografica entre os musculos vasto lateral e vasto medial durante a execucao do exercicio de meio-agachamento.