Ragnar Ekholm

The Ideal Quantum Gas

A quantum system of N identical particles is described by the wave function

Monoamines in the pancreatic islets of the mouse. Subcellular localization of 5-hydroxytryptamine by electron microscopic autoradiography.

\Psi = \Psi ({q_1}, \ldots {q_N}),

Induced Unidirectional Transport of Protein into the Thyroid Follicular Lumen

(8.1) where q j denotes all compatible coordinates of particle j (position and spin, for example). However, not all wave functions of this sort, which satisfy the time-independent Schrodinger equation, are acceptable representations of a quantum system. We also require a symmetry property,

Accelerated Exocytosis and H2O2 Generation in Isolated Thyroid Follicles Enhance Protein Iodination

\Psi ({q_1}, \ldots ,{q_i}, \ldots ,{q_j}, \ldots ,{q_N}) = \pm ({q_1}, \ldots ,{q_j}, \ldots ,{q_i}, \ldots ,{q_N}),

Localization of Iodine Binding in the Thyroid Gland in Vitro

(8.2) which indicates that the quantum state of the system does not alter if we change the coordinates of two particles. The symmetric wave functions are associated with integer spin particles (photons, phonons, magnons, 4He atoms). These particles are called bosons, and obey the Bose—Einstein statistics. The antisymmetric wave functions are associated with half-integer spin particles (electrons, protons, atoms of 3He). These particles are called fermions, and obey the Fermi—Dirac statistics.

Effects of Long Term Thyroxine Treatment on Thyrotropin-Induced Exocytosis and Endocytosis in the Rat Thyroid*

A classical system of N monatomic particles of mass m may be given by the Hamiltonian