Rajani K. Behera

Acid Hydrazides, Potent Reagents for Synthesis of Oxygen-, Nitrogen-, and/or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Rings

Nitrogen‐, and/or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Rings Poulomi Majumdar,†,‡ Anita Pati,†,§ Manabendra Patra, Rajani Kanta Behera,† and Ajaya Kumar Behera*,† †Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, Orissa, India ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P.R. China School of Applied Sciences (Chemistry), KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India National Institute of Science & Technology, Palur Hill, Berhampur 761068, Orissa, India

Interaction of N-alkyl styryl pyridinium dyes with TX-100 in aqueous medium: Role of the alkyl chain during solubilisation

Abstract Interaction of a series of N -alkyl styryl pyridinium dyes having varied alkyl chain (C n ) with nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100) solution has been studied by using absorption and emission techniques. The binding constants of the dyes (C 1 –C 18 ) with the surfactant aggregates have been calculated and found to increase with increasing alkyl chain length of the dyes. A decrease in the CMC value of TX-100 in presence of the dyes with increasing chain length has been observed and the phenomenon is attributed to the increasing hydrophobicity of the additive. The relative E T (30) values of the local environment of the dyes in TX-100 micelles with respect to standard solvents have been determined. A solubilisation strategy of the micelle for the dyes has been reported where the cationic head group remains in the oxyethylene cage of the micelle and the hydrophobic tail remains buried in the micellar core due to pulling effect.

Studies on Spiroheterocycles, Part II: Heterocyclization of the Spiro Compounds Containing Cyclohexanone and Thiobarbituric Acid with Different Bidentate Nucleophilic Reagents

Abstract The reaction of thiobarbituric acid with different diarylidene ketones 1a–c yields the spiro compounds 2a–c. The diarylidene derivatives 3a–c are synthesized by the condensation of spiro compounds 2a–c with different aldehydes. A series of spiro heterocycles compounds 4a–l, 5a–l, 6a–l, 7a–l, 8a–l, and 9a–l are synthesized from the diarylidene compounds. The structures of the compounds are ascertained from their analytical and spectral data. Some of the compounds are screened for their biological activities.

Studies on Spiroheterocycles, Part III: Synthesis of Diazaspiroundecanetetraone Derivatives Containing Biologically Active Heterocycles

Barbituric acid 2 upon Michael addition with dibenzal acetones 1a–c afforded the corresponding diazaspiro derivatives 3a–c . The base-catalyzed condensation of 3a–c with various aromatic aldehydes produces diarylidine derivatives 4a–l . The diarylidene compounds 4a–l on condensation with hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, hydroxylamine, urea, guanidine carbonate, and hydrazine hydrate with acetic acid afforded their respective in situ oxidized products 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , and 10 . The structures of the compounds are ascertained from their analytical and spectral data. Some of the compounds are screened for their biological activities against E. coli, B. cirroflagellosus, A. niger, and C. albicans.

Synthesis and spectral properties of macrocyclic compounds containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole moeties connected by a carbon-oxygen bridge

Abstract The syntheses of 1∶1‐macrocycles 3 (n=1), unsymmetrical macrocycle 5 (m=0, n=1), 2∶2‐macrocycle 5 (m=n=1 and 2), 3∶3 macrocycle 7, and several open‐chain ethereal compounds prepared from 2,5‐dichloro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole 1 and various polyethylene glycols dianions are described. Structural proofs are afforded by their mass and NMR spectral features. The quaternization studies of a few macrocycles with methyl iodide at elevated temperature furnished a diketo derivative 8 through a facile Hilbert–Johnson reaction.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Spiro(cycloalkane thiazolo-s-tetrazine)

Microwave irradiation of cyclic ketones with thiocarbohydrazide furnish the corresponding s-tetrazine derivatives 1a–d, which upon irradiation with chloroacetic acid and sodium acetate in acetic acid, give the corresponding thiazolidinone derivatives 2a–d. These derivatives 2a–d upon condensation with benzaldehyde afford the benzylidine derivatives 3a–d. The s-tetrazine derivatives 1a–d and 1,2-dibromoethane upon irradiation gives the thiazolo-s-tetrazine derivatives 4a–d. The structures of 1–4 were established by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR data.

Chemistry of Dimedone for Synthesis of Oxygen-, Nitrogen-, and Sulfur- Containing Heterocycles from 2-(3-Hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile

Abstract A series of new oxygen-, nitrogen- and sulfur- containing spiro heterocycles was synthesized by reactions of 2-(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile with some active methylene and bidentate compounds. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Synthesis of 3-Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives by Mixed Anhydride Method and Study of Their Antibacterial Activities

Abstract A convenient synthesis of 3-substituted pyrazole derivatives by a mixed anhydride method using i-butylchloroformate and N-methylmorpholine at −20 °C in tetrahydrofuran and study of in vitro antibacterial activities of the prepared compounds against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus valguris by agar-diffusion method were carried out. The results suggested that the products 4a, 4b, and 4c exhibited moderate to feeble inhibition against all test bacteria at greater concentration but 4d was best against Staphylococcus epidermidis (22 mm) and worst against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16 mm) at the greatest concentration (2.5 mg/ml), and the activities decreased with decrease in concentration. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publishers online edition of Synthetic Communications® for the following free supplemental resource(s): Full experimental and spectral details.] GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Microscopic characterization of Scoparia dulcis Linn.(Scrophulariaceae)

This manuscript covers a detailed pharmacognostic evaluation of Scoparia dulcis Linn. whole plant (Scrophulariaceae), including morphology, microscopy, physicochemical, and phytochemical screening. Microscopy of different plant part was done by performing transverse sections and longitudinal sections, which were identified by the different staining reagents and dyes. Physicochemical constants were done for whole plant; it includes ash value, extractive value and moisture content. Phytochemical screening was done for aqueous and methanolic extract in maceration and soxhletion, results revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolic compound, flavonoids, saponins, proteins, and amino acids. These study includes parameters to establish the authenticity of S. dulcis and can possibly help to differentiate the drug from its other species.